Tax fossil-fuel production, not emissions.

abstract：:Haemophilia B (Christmas disease) is an inherited, recessive, sex-linked, haemorrhagic condition caused by a defect in the intrinsic clotting factor IX. This disease occurs in males at a frequency of approximately 1 in 30,000. Patients differ in the severity of their clinical symptoms, and variation in the clotting ac...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rees DJ,Rizza CR,Brownlee GG

更新日期：1985-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:More than twelve morphologically and physiologically distinct subtypes of primary somatosensory neuron report salient features of our internal and external environments1-4. It is unclear how specialized gene expression programs emerge during development to endow these subtypes with their unique properties. To assess t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sharma N,Flaherty K,Lezgiyeva K,Wagner DE,Klein AM,Ginty DD

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Felsenstein's application of the bootstrap method to evolutionary trees is one of the most cited scientific papers of all time. The bootstrap method, which is based on resampling and replications, is used extensively to assess the robustness of phylogenetic inferences. However, increasing numbers of sequences are now ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lemoine F,Domelevo Entfellner JB,Wilkinson E,Correia D,Dávila Felipe M,De Oliveira T,Gascuel O

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The unusual helium-rich (type Ib) supernova SN 2005E is distinguished from all supernovae hitherto observed by its faint and rapidly fading light curve, prominent calcium lines in late-phase spectra and lack of any mark of recent star formation near the supernova location. These properties are claimed to be explained ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kawabata KS,Maeda K,Nomoto K,Taubenberger S,Tanaka M,Deng J,Pian E,Hattori T,Itagaki K

更新日期：2010-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterotrimeric G-proteins bind to cell-surface receptors and are integral in transmission of signals from outside the cell. Upon activation of the Galpha subunit by binding of GTP, the Galpha and Gbetagamma subunits dissociate and interact with effector proteins for signal transduction. Regulatory proteins with the 19...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kimple RJ,Kimple ME,Betts L,Sondek J,Siderovski DP

更新日期：2002-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Metamaterials are artificial optical media composed of sub-wavelength metallic and dielectric building blocks that feature optical phenomena not present in naturally occurring materials. Although they can serve as the basis for unique optical devices that mould the flow of light in unconventional ways, three-dimension...

journal_title：Nature

authors： High AA,Devlin RC,Dibos A,Polking M,Wild DS,Perczel J,de Leon NP,Lukin MD,Park H

更新日期：2015-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Macroscopic mechanical oscillators have been coaxed into a regime of quantum behaviour by direct refrigeration or a combination of refrigeration and laser-like cooling. This result supports the idea that mechanical oscillators may perform useful functions in the processing of quantum information with superconducting c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Palomaki TA,Harlow JW,Teufel JD,Simmonds RW,Lehnert KW

更新日期：2013-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:More than 50 copies of a phi X174 DNA template can be made in 60 min in an in vitro DNA replication system consisting of seven purfied replication proteins isolated from T4 bacteriophage-infected cells. By transfecting with the DNA products and assaying for the reversion of specific amber mutants, the high degree of b...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hibner U,Alberts BM

更新日期：1980-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Metastatic progression of cancer is a complex and clinically daunting process. We previously identified a set of human microRNAs (miRNAs) that robustly suppress breast cancer metastasis to lung and bone and which display expression levels that predict human metastasis. Although these findings revealed miRNAs as suppre...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Png KJ,Halberg N,Yoshida M,Tavazoie SF

更新日期：2011-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Diminishing fossil fuel reserves and growing concerns about global warming indicate that sustainable sources of energy are needed in the near future. For fuels to be useful in the transportation sector, they must have specific physical properties that allow for efficient distribution, storage and combustion; these pro...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Román-Leshkov Y,Barrett CJ,Liu ZY,Dumesic JA

更新日期：2007-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor transduces the binding of glutamate and glycine, coupling it to the opening of a calcium-permeable ion channel 1 . Owing to the lack of high-resolution structural studies of the NMDA receptor, the mechanism by which ion-channel blockers occlude ion permeation is not well unders...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Song X,Jensen MØ,Jogini V,Stein RA,Lee CH,Mchaourab HS,Shaw DE,Gouaux E

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A grand challenge of systems biology is to predict the kinetic responses of living systems to perturbations starting from the underlying molecular interactions. Changes in the nutrient environment have long been used to study regulation and adaptation phenomena in microorganisms and they remain a topic of active inves...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Erickson DW,Schink SJ,Patsalo V,Williamson JR,Gerland U,Hwa T

更新日期：2017-11-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The tropical forests of Borneo and Amazonia may each contain more tree species diversity in half a square kilometre than do all the temperate forests of Europe, North America, and Asia combined. Biologists have long been fascinated by this disparity, using it to investigate potential drivers of biodiversity. Latitudin...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Usinowicz J,Chang-Yang CH,Chen YY,Clark JS,Fletcher C,Garwood NC,Hao Z,Johnstone J,Lin Y,Metz MR,Masaki T,Nakashizuka T,Sun IF,Valencia R,Wang Y,Zimmerman JK,Ives AR,Wright SJ

更新日期：2017-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequencing of ancient DNA has enabled the reconstruction of speciation, migration and admixture events for extinct taxa1. However, the irreversible post-mortem degradation2 of ancient DNA has so far limited its recovery-outside permafrost areas-to specimens that are not older than approximately 0.5 million years (...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cappellini E,Welker F,Pandolfi L,Ramos-Madrigal J,Samodova D,Rüther PL,Fotakis AK,Lyon D,Moreno-Mayar JV,Bukhsianidze M,Rakownikow Jersie-Christensen R,Mackie M,Ginolhac A,Ferring R,Tappen M,Palkopoulou E,Dickinson MR,S

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The species diversity of natural communities is often strongly related to their productivity. The pattern of this relationship seems to vary: diversity is known to increase monotonically with productivity, to decrease monotonically with productivity, and to be unimodally related to productivity, with maximum diversity...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kassen R,Buckling A,Bell G,Rainey PB

更新日期：2000-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The biochemical and morphological differentiation of actinomycetes makes them academically and economically interesting. Their secondary metabolites provide the majority of medically and agriculturally important antibiotics (streptomycete genes may also be the primary source of clinically important antibiotic resistan...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Thompson CJ,Ward JM,Hopwood DA

更新日期：1980-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of snakes involved major changes in vertebrate body plan organization, but the developmental basis of those changes is unknown. The python axial skeleton consists of hundreds of similar vertebrae, forelimbs are absent and hindlimbs are severely reduced. Combined limb loss and trunk elongation is found in...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cohn MJ,Tickle C

更新日期：1999-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:In influenza the combined virus-bacterial pneumonia is approximately three times more common than primary viral pneumonia. The bacteria most commonly involved are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. S. aureus co-infection is reported to have a fatality rate of up to 42% (ref. 2)...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tashiro M,Ciborowski P,Klenk HD,Pulverer G,Rott R

更新日期：1987-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The signal recognition particle (SRP) consists of one RNA and six protein subunits. The N-terminal domain of the 54K subunit contains a putative GTP-binding site, whereas the C-terminal domain binds signal sequences and SRP RNA. Binding of SRP to the signal sequence as it emerges from the ribosome creates a cytosolic ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Miller JD,Wilhelm H,Gierasch L,Gilmore R,Walter P

更新日期：1993-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that is important in adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis and which depends on interactions with co-activators, including steroid receptor co-activating factor-1 (SRC-1). Here we present the X-ray ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nolte RT,Wisely GB,Westin S,Cobb JE,Lambert MH,Kurokawa R,Rosenfeld MG,Willson TM,Glass CK,Milburn MV

更新日期：1998-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:For cells of the innate immune system to mount a host defence response to infection, they must recognize products of microbial pathogens such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the endotoxin secreted by Gram-negative bacteria. These cellular responses require intracellular signalling pathways, such as the four MAP kinase (M...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Han J,Jiang Y,Li Z,Kravchenko VV,Ulevitch RJ

更新日期：1997-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:It is possible to infer aspects of an organism's lifestyle from its gene content. Can the reverse also be done? Here we consider this issue by modelling evolution of the reduced genomes of endosymbiotic bacteria. The diversity of gene content in these bacteria may reflect both variation in selective forces and conting...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pál C,Papp B,Lercher MJ,Csermely P,Oliver SG,Hurst LD

更新日期：2006-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The origin of eukaryotes stands as a major conundrum in biology. Current evidence indicates that the last eukaryotic common ancestor already possessed many eukaryotic hallmarks, including a complex subcellular organization. In addition, the lack of evolutionary intermediates challenges the elucidation of the relative ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pittis AA,Gabaldón T

更新日期：2016-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancers emerge from an ongoing Darwinian evolutionary process, often leading to multiple competing subclones within a single primary tumour. This evolutionary process culminates in the formation of metastases, which is the cause of 90% of cancer-related deaths. However, despite its clinical importance, little is known...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gundem G,Van Loo P,Kremeyer B,Alexandrov LB,Tubio JMC,Papaemmanuil E,Brewer DS,Kallio HML,Högnäs G,Annala M,Kivinummi K,Goody V,Latimer C,O'Meara S,Dawson KJ,Isaacs W,Emmert-Buck MR,Nykter M,Foster C,Kote-Jarai Z,

更新日期：2015-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Bird songs frequently contain trilling sounds that demand extremely fast vocalization control. Here we show that doves control their syrinx, a vocal organ that is unique to birds, by using superfast muscles. These muscles, which are similar to those that operate highly specialist acoustic organs such as the rattle of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Elemans CP,Spierts IL,Müller UK,Van Leeuwen JL,Goller F

更新日期：2004-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:In epithelial Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells newly synthesized molecules are sorted in the trans-Golgi network and directly delivered to their apical and basolateral surface destinations. Sorting is mediated by signals in the cytoplasmic domains of basolateral transmembrane proteins whereas glycosylphosphatidy...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scheiffele P,Peränen J,Simons K

更新日期：1995-11-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Defining the functional relationships between proteins is critical for understanding virtually all aspects of cell biology. Large-scale identification of protein complexes has provided one important step towards this goal; however, even knowledge of the stoichiometry, affinity and lifetime of every protein-protein int...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Collins SR,Miller KM,Maas NL,Roguev A,Fillingham J,Chu CS,Schuldiner M,Gebbia M,Recht J,Shales M,Ding H,Xu H,Han J,Ingvarsdottir K,Cheng B,Andrews B,Boone C,Berger SL,Hieter P,Zhang Z,Brown GW,Ingles CJ,Emili

更新日期：2007-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The amplitude and frequency of laser light can be routinely measured and controlled on a femtosecond (10(-15) s) timescale. However, in pulses comprising just a few wave cycles, the amplitude envelope and carrier frequency are not sufficient to characterize and control laser radiation, because evolution of the light f...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Baltuska A,Udem T,Uiberacker M,Hentschel M,Goulielmakis E,Gohle Ch,Holzwarth R,Yakovlev VS,Scrinzi A,Hänsch TW,Krausz F

更新日期：2003-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:An ageing world population has fuelled interest in regenerative remedies that may stem declining organ function and maintain fitness. Unanswered is whether elimination of intrinsic instigators driving age-associated degeneration can reverse, as opposed to simply arrest, various afflictions of the aged. Such instigator...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jaskelioff M,Muller FL,Paik JH,Thomas E,Jiang S,Adams AC,Sahin E,Kost-Alimova M,Protopopov A,Cadiñanos J,Horner JW,Maratos-Flier E,Depinho RA

更新日期：2011-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian telomeres repress DNA-damage activation at natural chromosome ends by recruiting specific inhibitors of the DNA-damage machinery that form a protective complex termed shelterin. Within this complex, TRF2 (also known as TERF2) has a crucial role in end protection through the suppression of ATM activation and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Okamoto K,Bartocci C,Ouzounov I,Diedrich JK,Yates JR 3rd,Denchi EL

更新日期：2013-02-28 00:00:00