Abstract:
:Flavonoids, theanine and caffeine are the main secondary metabolites of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis), which account for the tea's unique flavor quality and health benefits. The biosynthesis pathways of these metabolites have been extensively studied at the transcriptional level, but the regulatory mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, to explore the transcriptome diversity and complexity of tea plant, PacBio Iso-Seq and RNA-seq analysis were combined to obtain full-length transcripts and to profile the changes in gene expression during the leaf development. A total of 1,388,066 reads of insert (ROI) were generated with an average length of 1,762 bp, and more than 54% (755,716) of the ROIs were full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads. The Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologue (BUSCO) completeness was 92.7%. A total of 93,883 non-redundant transcripts were obtained, and 87,395 (93.1%) were new alternatively spliced isoforms. Meanwhile, 7,650 differential expression transcripts (DETs) were identified. A total of 28,980 alternative splicing (AS) events were predicted, including 1,297 differential AS (DAS) events. The transcript isoforms of the key genes involved in the flavonoid, theanine and caffeine biosynthesis pathways were characterized. Additionally, 5,777 fusion transcripts and 9,052 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were also predicted. Our results revealed that AS potentially plays a crucial role in the regulation of the secondary metabolism of the tea plant. These findings enhanced our understanding of the complexity of the secondary metabolic regulation of tea plants and provided a basis for the subsequent exploration of the regulatory mechanisms of flavonoid, theanine and caffeine biosynthesis in tea plants.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Qiao D,Yang C,Chen J,Guo Y,Li Y,Niu S,Cao K,Chen Zdoi
10.1038/s41598-019-39286-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-25 00:00:00pages
2709issue
1issn
2045-2322pii
10.1038/s41598-019-39286-zjournal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In this study, we report on a new approach for remote temperature probing that provides accuracy as good as 0.017°C (0.0055% accuracy) by measuring the magnetisation curve of magnetic nanoparticles. We included here the theoretical model construction and the inverse calculation method, and explored the impact caused b...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep06338
更新日期:2014-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::California has experienced a dry 21(st) century capped by severe drought from 2012 through 2015 prompting questions about hydroclimatic sensitivity to anthropogenic climate change and implications for the future. We address these questions using a Holocene lake sediment record of hydrologic change from the Sierra Neva...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep33325
更新日期:2016-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The Vacuole Membrane Protein 1 -VMP1- is a pancreatitis-associated transmembrane protein whose expression triggers autophagy in several human diseases. In the current study, we unveil the mechanism through which this protein induces autophagosome formation in mammalian cells. We show that VMP1 autophagy-related functi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep01055
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clogging of porous media by soft particles has become a subject of extensive research in the last years and the understanding of the clogging mechanisms is of great importance for process optimization. The rise in the utilization of microfluidic devices brought the possibility to simulate membrane filtration and perfo...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45791-y
更新日期:2019-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::During bipedal walking, modern humans dorsiflex their forefoot at the metatarsophalangeal joints (MTPJs) prior to push off, which tightens the plantar soft tissues to convert the foot into a stiff propulsive lever. Particular features of metatarsal head morphology such as "dorsal doming" are thought to facilitate this...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep30532
更新日期:2016-07-28 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid increase in the number of genetically modified (GM) varieties has led to a demand for high-throughput methods to detect genetically modified organisms (GMOs). We describe a new dynamic array-based high throughput method to simultaneously detect 48 targets in 48 samples on a Fludigm system. The test targets i...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep07616
更新日期:2015-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to assess the association between the shoulder tenderness and the inflammatory changes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the rheumatoid shoulder. Forty-one shoulders of 41 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were examined. We evaluated synovitis, erosion and bone marrow edema, by cou...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55938-6
更新日期:2019-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Technological advances have made it possible to examine dental resin composites using 3D nanometer resolution. This investigation aims to characterize existing dental nano-hybrid and micro-hybrid resin composites through comparing and contrasting nano-computed tomography (nano-CT) with micro-CT and high-resolution SEM...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72599-y
更新日期:2020-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::As critical primary producers and recyclers of organic matter, the diversity of marine protists has been extensively explored by high-throughput barcode sequencing. However, classification of short metabarcoding sequences into traditional taxonomic units is not trivial, especially for lineages mainly known by their ge...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-59524-z
更新日期:2020-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Plants deploy several ammonium transporter (AMT) and nitrate transporter (NRT) genes to acquire NH4+ and NO3- from the soil into the roots and then transport them to other plant organs. Coding sequences of wheat genes obtained from ENSEMBL were aligned to known AMT and NRT sequences of Arabidopsis, barley, maize, rice...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-25430-8
更新日期:2018-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Proteins are of interest in nano-bio electronic devices due to their versatile structures, exquisite functionality and specificity. However, quantum transport measurements produce conflicting results due to technical limitations whereby it is difficult to precisely determine molecular orientation, the nature of the mo...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep39792
更新日期:2017-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Under the usual approximation of treating a biological particle as a spheroidal droplet, we consider the analysis of its size and shape with the high frequency photoacoustics and develop a numerical method which can simulate its characteristic photoacoustic waves. This numerical method is based on the calculation of s...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep14801
更新日期:2015-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-53129-x
更新日期:2019-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Seed germination behavior is an important factor in the distribution of species. Many studies have shown that germination is controlled by phylogenetic constraints, however, it is not clear whether phylogenetic constraints or environmental cues explain seed germination of a genus from a common ancestor. In this study,...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11294-x
更新日期:2017-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Intravitreal Conbercept (IVC) is the latest applied and effective treatment for the management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). However, conbercept escapes from the vitreous into the general circulation and reduce systemic VEGF concentrations. Thus, there are concerns about systemic complications, in these prematu...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28987-6
更新日期:2018-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical chaperones including arginine and its derivatives are widely used by biochemists working on the design of agents, which are able to efficiently suppress protein aggregation. To elucidate the mechanisms of anti-aggregation activity of chemical chaperones, methods based on registration of the increment in light...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04409-x
更新日期:2017-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::Circularly polarized laser sources with small footprints and high efficiencies can possess advanced functionalities in optical communication and biophotonic integrated systems. However, the conventional lasers with additional circular-polarization converters are bulky and hardly compatible with nanophotonic circuits, ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep26578
更新日期:2016-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical observations suggest neuronal control of bone remodeling. Sensory nerve fibers innervating bone, bone marrow and periosteum signal via neurotransmitters including substance P (SP). In previous studies we observed impaired biomechanical and structural bone parameters in tachykinin (Tac) 1-deficient mice lackin...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27432-y
更新日期:2018-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::The present work conducted laboratory experiments of fracturing in fat coals, anthracites, and mudstones. Three different fluids were selected as the fracturing fluids, including water, liquid CO2 (L-CO2), and supercritical CO2 (Sc-CO2). The resulting fracture morphologies and fracture apertures of the coal specimens ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-75787-y
更新日期:2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::There is a significant need to develop antibacterial materials that could be applied locally and directly to the places surrounded by large amount of bacteria, in order to address the problems of bacterial antibiotic-resistance or irreversible biofilm formation. Hydrogels are thought to be suitable candidates due to t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep07753
更新日期:2015-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::The exact mechanism of endometriosis is unknown. The recommendation system (RS) based on item similarities of machine learning has never been applied to the relationship between diseases. The study aim was to identify diseases associated with endometriosis by applying RS based on item similarities to insurance data in...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41973-w
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal modification of eukaryotic mRNA. This modification has previously been shown to alter the export kinetics for mRNAs though the molecular details surrounding this phenomenon remain poorly understood. Recruitment of the TREX mRNA export complex to mRNA is driven by ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32310-8
更新日期:2018-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::Using species distribution models and information on genetic structure and within-population variance observed in a series of common garden trials, we reconstructed a historical biogeography of trembling aspen in North America. We used an ensemble classifier modelling approach (RandomForest) to reconstruct palaeoclima...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04871-7
更新日期:2017-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Both plant neighbourhood composition and drought have well-known independent effects on insect herbivore performance, but their interactive effects remain elusive. In this study we performed a laboratory experiment to investigate the independent and combined effects of plant neighbourhood composition and drought on th...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-24299-x
更新日期:2018-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::Contemporary improvements in the type II clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system offer a convenient way for genome editing in zebrafish. However, the low efficiencies of genome editing and germline transmission require a time-intensive and laborious sc...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep34555
更新日期:2016-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::Fundamental understanding of guest gas replacement in hydrate reservoirs is crucial for the enhanced recovery of natural gas and carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration. To gain physical insight into this exchange process, this work aims at developing and validating a clathrate hydrate model for gas replacement. Most of th...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55476-1
更新日期:2019-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::The group-IV tin has been hypothesized to possess intriguing electronic properties in an atom-thick hexagonal form. An attractive pathway of producing sizable 2D crystallites of tin is based on deintercalation of bulk compounds with suitable tin frameworks. Here, we have identified a new synthesizable metal distannide...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep28369
更新日期:2016-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::Hatching out from the zona pellucida (ZP) is a crucial step for blastocyst implantation and development. However, it is still unknown whether the location of the hatching site relative to the inner cell mass (ICM) affects embryo implantation and foetal development. Here, we classified hatching blastocysts into three c...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-59424-2
更新日期:2020-02-12 00:00:00
abstract::The present work presents and discusses the results of a comprehensive study on the bioactive properties of Nb-substituted silicate glass derived from 45S5 bioglass. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed. We undertook three different types of in vitro analyses: (i) investigation of the kinetics of chemical r...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31114-0
更新日期:2018-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::Childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity are increasing in China, but limited information is available on its secular trends in Guangzhou. In this cross-sectional study, ten-wave successive data were obtained from the physical fitness surveillance for students in Guangzhou from 2003 to 2012. A total of 2,619,15...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-12094-z
更新日期:2017-09-21 00:00:00