Abstract:
:Malathion is one of the most widely used organophosphorus insecticides in agriculture. However, malathion may be involved in the etiology of human brain dysfunction. Induction of ROS has been proposed as a mechanism of malathion-induced poisoning cases, but there are few data regarding the effects of malathion on oxidative stress-associated neurotoxicity in human glial cells. The aim was to explore the mechanism underlying effects of malathion on neurotoxicity in Gibco® Human Astrocytes (GHA cells) and evaluate the protective effects of the antioxidant (N-acetylcysteine, NAC). Cell viability was measured by the cell proliferation reagent (WST-1). Antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and catalase) were measured by an ELISA reader. Cell cycle distribution and ROS productions were detected by flow cytometry. Cell cycle-related protein levels (cyclin E1, CDK2, cyclin A2, CDK1/CDC2, or cyclin B1) and apoptotic protein levels (Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-9/caspase-3) were analyzed by Western blotting. In GHA cells, treatment with malathion (10-25 μM) for 24 h concentration-dependently induced cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest. In terms of oxidative stresses, malathion elevated intracellular ROS levels, but reduced glutathion and antioxidant enzyme levels. Treatment with NAC (5 μM) reversed malathion-induced oxidative stress responses, and prevented malathion-evoked apoptosis by regulating apoptotic protein expressions. Together, in GHA cells, NAC mediated inhibition of malathion-activated mitochondrial apoptotic pathways that involved cell cycle arrest and ROS responses. These data provide further insights into the molecular mechanisms behind malathion poisoning, and might suggest that NAC with its protective effects may be a potential compound for prevention of malathion-induced brain injury.
journal_name
Toxicologyjournal_title
Toxicologyauthors
Shieh P,Jan CR,Liang WZdoi
10.1016/j.tox.2019.02.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-04-01 00:00:00pages
1-14eissn
0300-483Xissn
1879-3185pii
S0300-483X(18)30677-2journal_volume
417pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
TOXICOLOGY文献大全abstract::Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal oestrogenic mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium species growing on cereals. ZEN and its metabolites bind to human oestrogen receptors and hence display oestrogenic and anabolic properties. Several lines of investigation suggest that ZEN may be genotoxic in vivo. ZEN damages DNA ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00329-9
更新日期:2003-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a known immunomodulating agent. When presented to either late stage chick embryos (e.g. 18 days of incubation (DI] or neonatal chicks. CP induces selective B cell damage resulting in humoral immunosuppression in chickens. The present study was undertaken in order to provide further insights in...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(91)90196-8
更新日期:1991-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic is an endocrine disruptor that promotes breast cancer (BCa) development. Estrogen synthesis, through aromatase activation, is essential for BCa promotion and progression through activating the G-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), regulating rapid nongenomic effects involved in cell proliferation and migratio...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2020.152440
更新日期:2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The function of the neuromuscular transmission in rats dosed with phoxim (P), methomyl (M), fenvalerate (F), and mixtures of P+M and P+F was studied by using both the stimulation single fiber electromyography (SSFEMG) and repetitive nerve stimulations (RNS) to determine the single muscle fiber action potential and com...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00339-0
更新日期:2001-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::There are reports of alterations in the number and functions of the cells of the immune system in patients with metal-on-metal (MOM) orthopaedic implants. These effects have been correlated with elevated chromium levels in the patients' blood. We have investigated the interactions of clinically relevant concentrations...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2007.04.002
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, some biochemical features and the extent of inhibition induced by the organophosphorous pesticide azinphos-methyl on the cholinesterase (ChE) activity present in whole soft tissue of two freshwater invertebrate species, the gastropod Biomphalaria glabrata and the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus were ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.02.018
更新日期:2006-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Rat kidney slices were produced using a modified version of a mechanical tissue slicer. The slices were incubated with various concentrations of L-cysteine conjugates and mercapturic acids of halogenated alkenes in a submersion incubation system. The slices showed a time- and concentration-dependent toxicity to the ne...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(93)90206-8
更新日期:1993-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::N-(3,5-Dichlorophenyl)succinimide (NDPS) has proven to be an effective experimental agricultural fungicide. However, NDPS produces marked nephrotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley and Fischer 344 rats. The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of an intact, unsubstituted succinimide ring for acute NDPS-induced ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(85)90113-1
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::p-Chloro-m-cresol (PCMC) and p-chloro-m-xylenol (PCMX) are known to cause allergic contact dermatitis. For risk assessment of skin sensitizers, information on dose-response profiles in the induction and elicitation phases and cross-reactivity with analogous chemicals are important. In the non-radioactive local lymph-n...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00161-6
更新日期:2003-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the most common chronic interstitial lung diseases with high mortality rate after diagnosis and limited successful treatment. The present study was designed to assess the potential antifibrotic effect of thymoquinone (TQ) and whether TQ can attenuate the severity of oxidative stress and in...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2012.09.001
更新日期:2012-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicity of daily subcutaneously applied 500 mg/kg N-methylformamide (NMF) during a period of 8 days in female CD-mice was ameliorated when 100 mg/kg sodium ascorbate, 60 mg/kg menadione bisulfite or 80 mg/kg pyridoxal hydrochloride were applied simultaneously. The comparison of the daily s.c. application of 360 m...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(87)90008-4
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the biological effects of terbium (Tb), male mice were intraperitoneally administered with TbCl3 at doses of 10, 50, or 250 mg Tb/kg. The Tb distribution in organs was determined after 18-20 h of injection by using a spectrofluorometer. The concentrations of Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn in various organs were det...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(91)90181-y
更新日期:1991-02-11 00:00:00
abstract::The Comet assay is an often used approach for the assessment of genetic damage in primary cells of exposed populations. In the majority of these studies lymphocytes are used. Therefore, we reviewed human biomonitoring studies of occupational exposure using the Comet assay with lymphocytes. We also tried to elucidate t...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.02.010
更新日期:2004-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of urban oxidant and acid air pollutants to induce heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the mammalian lung is not known. Such proteins are known to be correlated with environmental stress and pathophysiological conditions. In this study, stress-inducible HSP 70 was assessed by slot-blotting in rat lungs (N=10 per...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(95)03250-j
更新日期:1996-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to establish a hypospadiac rat model by maternal exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and to evaluate the developmental abnormalities of hypospadiac male rats. Timed-pregnant rats were given DBP by gastric intubation at doses of 0, 250, 500, 750 or 1000 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day from...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2007.01.018
更新日期:2007-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were exposed to isopropanol by inhalation of 200,2000 and 8000 ppm for 2 weeks with a daily exposure of 6 h. A pilot group exposed to 8000 ppm was given a recovery period of 4 weeks. Kidney and liver microsomal metabolism of n-hexane was investigated in vitro concomitant with activities of cytochrome P-450 and GS...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(85)90078-2
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of thimerosal, an organomercurial preservative in vaccines, on cerebellar neurons dissociated from 2-week-old rats was compared with those of methylmercury using a flow cytometer with appropriate fluorescent dyes. Thimerosal and methylmercury at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 10 microM increased the int...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2003.09.002
更新日期:2004-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::N-Heterocyclic aromatics are by-products of incomplete combustion of organic material. The overall objective of this study was to determine the relative carcinogenic potencies of 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole (DBC) and dibenz[a,j]acridine (DBA) in a bioassay of complete carcinogenicity on mouse skin in a sensitive strain (...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)90074-4
更新日期:1994-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::The cytotoxicity of CdCl2 and 2 isoforms of hepatic cadmium-metallothionein (CdMT I and II), was investigated using primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. The cell cultures were exposed to cadmium as CdCl2 or as either isoform of CdMT for a 20-h period at concentrations ranging from 50 to 500 ng Cd X ml-1. Cytotoxicity ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(87)90034-5
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently reported that Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta(9)-THC) has the ability to stimulate the proliferation of human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells. However, the mechanism of action remains to be clarified. The present study focused on the relationship between receptor expression and the effects of Delta(9)-TH...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2007.12.019
更新日期:2008-03-12 00:00:00
abstract::Hesperidin (HDN) is a flavanone glycoside abundantly found in citrus fruits. HDN has been reported to possess significant activities against allergy, haemorrhoids, hormonal disorders and ulcers. Other reported activities include anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant and free r...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.06.018
更新日期:2006-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::Although several specific micronutrient deficiencies are associated with disease progression and increased mortality risk in HIV/AIDS, and even a simple multivitamin/mineral supplement can prolong survival, this is typically viewed merely as nutritional support of the immune system, and only necessary if there are def...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.10.018
更新日期:2010-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::Female mice were given nutrient-sufficient, purified diets containing cadmium at either 0.25, 5, or 50 ppm, as described in the accompanying publication. One-half of the females were bred for 6 consecutive 42-day rounds of pregnancy/lactation (PL mice); remaining females were non-pregnant controls (NP mice). PL mice a...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(88)90092-3
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Korea has a great diversity in resources of medicinal plants. The traditional herbal medicines and their preparations have been widely used in Korea as well as in China and Japan for thousands of years. One of the characteristics of Korean herbal medicine preparations is that all the herbal medicines are incorporated ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00487-0
更新日期:2002-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism underlying the induction of micronuclei induced by rifampicin and nicotine in mouse bone marrow was investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization assay using mouse minor satellite DNA probe. Colchicine and mitomycin, known to be predominantly clastogenic and aneugenic, respectively were used as posi...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2007.03.011
更新日期:2007-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Envenoming by the pitviper Bothrops jararacussu produces cardiovascular alterations, including coagulopathy, systemic hemorrhage, hypotension, circulatory shock and renal failure. In this work, we examined the activity of this venom in rat isolated right atria. Incubation with venom (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2mg/ml) cau...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.06.010
更新日期:2014-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::Atrazine (ATZ) is used throughout North America to control annual broadleaf weeds and grasses in various crops including; corn, sorghum, and sugar cane. Unfortunately, contamination of surface and ground water has occurred as a result of ATZ's chemical and physical properties, and its widespread use throughout the U.S...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.12.002
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies showed that certain cytotoxicity assays were not suitable for assessing nanoparticle (NP) toxicity. We evaluated a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay for assessing copper (Cu-40, 40nm), silver (Ag-35, 35nm; Ag-40, 40nm), and titanium dioxide (TiO(2)-25, 25nm) NPs by examining their potential to inactivate LDH a...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.06.011
更新日期:2011-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::It is reported that gambogic acid (GA), the main active compound of gamboge which is a dry resin extracted from Garcinia hanburyi tree, has potent antitumor activity both in vivo and in vitro. Activation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in cancer cells is one effective therapy for cancer treatment. In the present st...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.03.010
更新日期:2009-06-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Ozone has become a major air pollutant in recent years, which leading to a variety of lung diseases. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of pyroptosis and related signaling pathways in ozone-induced lung injury. METHODS:We exposed 120 Wistar rats to ozone, 20 in each group (half male and half female)....
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2020.152668
更新日期:2020-12-28 00:00:00