Abstract:
:The adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is generally considered as repair restricted organ with limited capacities to regenerate lost cells and to successfully integrate them into damaged nerve tracts. Despite the presence of endogenous immature cell types that can be activated upon injury or in disease cell replacement generally remains insufficient, undirected, or lost cell types are not properly generated. This limitation also accounts for the myelin repair capacity that still constitutes the default regenerative activity at least in inflammatory demyelinating conditions. Ever since the discovery of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) residing within specific niches of the adult brain, as well as the description of procedures to either isolate and propagate or artificially induce NSCs from various origins ex vivo, the field has been rejuvenated. Various sources of NSCs have been investigated and applied in current neuropathological paradigms aiming at the replacement of lost cells and the restoration of functionality based on successful integration. Whereas directing and supporting stem cells residing in brain niches constitutes one possible approach many investigations addressed their potential upon transplantation. Given the heterogeneity of these studies related to the nature of grafted cells, the local CNS environment, and applied implantation procedures we here set out to review and compare their applied protocols in order to evaluate rate-limiting parameters. Based on our compilation, we conclude that in healthy CNS tissue region specific cues dominate cell fate decisions. However, although increasing evidence points to the capacity of transplanted NSCs to reflect the regenerative need of an injury environment, a still heterogenic picture emerges when analyzing transplantation outcomes in injury or disease models. These are likely due to methodological differences despite preserved injury environments. Based on this meta-analysis, we suggest future NSC transplantation experiments to be conducted in a more comparable way to previous studies and that subsequent analyses must emphasize regional heterogeneity such as accounting for differences in gray versus white matter.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Beyer F,Samper Agrelo I,Küry Pdoi
10.3390/ijms20020455subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-21 00:00:00issue
2issn
1422-0067pii
ijms20020455journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In this paper, nanofibrous membranes based on chitosan (CS), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and graphene oxide (GO) composites, loaded with antibiotic drugs, such as Ciprofloxacin (Cip) and Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CipHcl) were prepared via the electrospinning technique. The uniform and defect-free CS/PVA nanofibers w...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20184395
更新日期:2019-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::Tooth enamel is formed in an extracellular environment. Amelogenin, the major component in the protein matrix of tooth enamel during the developing stage, could assemble into high molecular weight structures, regulating enamel formation. However, the molecular structure of amelogenin protein assembly at the functional...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21082946
更新日期:2020-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::The role of the gut microbiome in human health and disease is the focus of much attention. It has been widely agreed upon that our gut bacteria play a role in host immunity, nutrient absorption, digestion, metabolism, and other key drivers of health. Furthermore, certain microbial signatures and specific taxa have als...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms21030924
更新日期:2020-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Blood rheology is a key determinant of tissue perfusion at rest and during exercise. The present study investigated the effects of race distance on hematological, blood rheological, and red blood cell (RBC) senescence parameters. Eleven runners participated in the Martigny-Combes à Chamonix 40 km race (MCC, elevation ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21228531
更新日期:2020-11-12 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and participate in physiological and pathological processes. Their unique developmental nature suggests age-dependent structural and functional impairments that might contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we addressed...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms19030706
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Growth failure and delayed puberty are well known features of children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in addition to the chronic course of the disease. Urinary metabonomics was applied in order to better understand metabolic changes between healthy and IBD children. METHODS:21 Pediat...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms17081310
更新日期:2016-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::In this article we propose a systematic development method for rational drug design while reviewing paradigms in industry, emerging techniques and technologies in the field. Although the process of drug development today has been accelerated by emergence of computational methodologies, it is a herculean challenge requ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms12042262
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::KCND3 encodes the voltage-gated potassium ion channel subfamily D member 3, a six trans-membrane protein (Kv4.3), involved in the transient outward K+ current. KCND3 defect causes both cardiological and neurological syndromes. From a neurological perspective, Kv4.3 defect has been associated to SCA type 19/22, a compl...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms21165802
更新日期:2020-08-13 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal types of tumours, and its incidence is rising worldwide. Although survival can be improved by surgical resection when these tumours are detected at an early stage, this cancer is usually asymptomatic, and disease only becomes apparent after metastasis. ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms19092468
更新日期:2018-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an immune-mediated cholestatic disease. Vitamin D receptor (VDR)-dependent signaling constrains an inflammatory response by targeting the miRNA155-SOCS1 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 1) axis. The VDR-miRNA155-SOCS1 pathway was investigated in the context of the autoimmune respo...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms18020289
更新日期:2017-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::The genus of Termitomyces purchased from the market has been identified as Termitomyces eurrhizus using the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) method. An α-galactosidase from T. eurrhizus (TEG), a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 72 kDa, was purified 146 fold by employing ion exchange chromatography and gel f...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms161226159
更新日期:2015-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::Over the years, anthropogenic factors have led to cadmium (Cd) accumulation in the environment causing various health problems in humans. Although Cd is not a Fenton-like metal, it induces oxidative stress in various animal models via indirect mechanisms. The degree of Cd-induced oxidative stress depends on the dose, ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms14036116
更新日期:2013-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::The fine-tuning of liver metabolism is essential to maintain the whole-body homeostasis and to prevent the onset of diseases. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivators (PGC-1s) are transcriptional key players of liver metabolism, able to regulate mitochondrial function, gluconeogenesis and lipid me...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20225735
更新日期:2019-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The effective dose of irradiation to control pest mites in quarantine has been studied extensively, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of the irradiation on mites are largely unknown. In this study, exposure to 400 Gy of γ rays had significant (p < 0.05) effects on the adult survival, fecundity and eg...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms161126004
更新日期:2015-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::The embryos of some angiosperms (usually referred to as chloroembryos) contain chlorophylls during the whole period of embryogenesis. Developing embryos have photochemically active chloroplasts and are able to produce assimilates, further converted in reserve biopolymers, whereas at the late steps of embryogenesis, se...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms18091993
更新日期:2017-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Natural autoantibodies to the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R-aAb) have been described in relation to Graves' ophthalmopathy. Other physiological roles of natural IGF1R-aAb are not known. We hypothesized that IGF1R-aAb may be related to muscle development. Serum samples (n = 408) from young overweight subjects (n = 143) were col...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms21020463
更新日期:2020-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid reconstruction of genome-scale protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks is instrumental in understanding the cellular processes and disease pathogenesis and drug reactions. However, lack of experimentally verified negative data (i.e., pairs of proteins that do not interact) is still a major issue that needs to...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20205075
更新日期:2019-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Ovarian cancer is the seventh most commonly diagnosed cancer amongst women and has the highest mortality rate of all gynaecological malignancies. It is a heterogeneous disease attributed to one of three cell types found within the reproductive milieu: epithelial, stromal, and germ cell. Each histotype differs in etiol...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms20061466
更新日期:2019-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among women worldwide. With breast cancer patients and survivors being reported to experience a repertoire of symptoms that are detrimental to their quality of life, the development of breast cancer treatment strategies that are effective with minimal side effects is theref...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms18112423
更新日期:2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Great progress has been made over the past decade with respect to the application of biotechnology to generate nutritionally improved food crops. Biofortified staple crops such as rice, maize and wheat harboring essential micronutrients to benefit the world's poor are under development as well as new varieties of crop...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms16023895
更新日期:2015-02-11 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate whether chronic cocaine abuse will increase cardiac Fas-dependent and mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways, thirty-two male Wistar rats at 3-4 months of age were randomly divided into a vehicle-treated group (phosphate-buffered saline, PBS, 0.5 mL, SQ per day) and a cocaine-treated group (Cocaine, 10 ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms15045988
更新日期:2014-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Chemokines (C-X-C) motif ligand (CXCL) 5 and 8 are overexpressed in patients with multiple sclerosis, where CXCL5 serum levels were shown to correlate with blood-brain barrier dysfunction as evidenced by gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Here, we studied the potential role of CXCL5/CXCL8 receptor 2 (CXCR...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20030602
更新日期:2019-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Chenopodium quinoa Wild is a "pseudocereal" grain which attracts a lot of attention in the scientific community as it has a positive effect on health. Here, we investigate the presence of biologically active O-prenylated phenylpropanoids in the ethanol extract of commercially available quinoa seeds. We claim that 4'-G...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20133262
更新日期:2019-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::When leaves receive excess light energy, excess reductants accumulate in chloroplasts. It is suggested that some of the reductants are oxidized by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Alternative oxidase (AOX), a non-energy conserving terminal oxidase, was upregulated in the photosynthetic mutant of Arabidopsis thalia...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20123067
更新日期:2019-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::Prenatal smoke exposure (PreSE) is a risk factor for nicotine dependence, which is further enhanced by postnatal smoke exposure (PostSE). One susceptibility gene to nicotine dependence is Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2A6, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of nicotine to cotinine in the liver. Higher CYP2A6 activity is...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms22010164
更新日期:2020-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a basic leucine zipper transcription factor, a master regulator of redox homeostasis regulating a variety of genes for antioxidant and detoxification enzymes. NRF2 was, therefore, initially thought to protect the liver from oxidative stress. Recent studies, however, have revealed that ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms21155378
更新日期:2020-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms behind the radiation-sensitising effects of the antennapedia proteins (ANTP)-smacN7 fusion protein on tumour cells. ANTP-SmacN7 fusion proteins were synthesised, and the ability of this fusion protein to penetrate cells was observed. Effects of r...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms141224087
更新日期:2013-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Silk fibroin (SF) is a protein-based biomacromolecule with excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and low immunogenicity. The development of SF-based nanoparticles for drug delivery have received considerable attention due to high binding capacity for various drugs, controlled drug release properties and mild pr...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/ijms16034880
更新日期:2015-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals, leptin has been demonstrated to perform important roles in many physiological activities and to influence development, growth, metabolism and reproduction. However, in fish, its function is still unclear. Duplicate leptin genes, leptin-a and leptin-b, have been identified in the orange-spotted grouper. In ...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms150711996
更新日期:2014-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::In this communication, lipase A from Candida antarctica (CALA) was immobilized by covalent bonding on magnetic nanoparticles coated with chitosan and activated with glutaraldehyde, labelled CALA-MNP, (immobilization parameters: 84.1% ± 1.0 for immobilization yield and 208.0 ± 3.0 U/g ± 1.1 for derivative activity). CA...
journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/ijms20164018
更新日期:2019-08-17 00:00:00