Abstract：
Purpose:Geographic atrophy (GA) is the late stage of non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration. A lack of animal models for GA has hampered treatment efforts. Presented herein is a rat model for GA using subretinal injection of sodium iodate (NaIO3). Methods:Rats were given subretinal injections of NaIO3 (5 μg/μL) using a pico-injector. Fundus photographs and spectral domain optical coherent tomography scans were collected at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after injection, at which time rats were euthanized and eyes were enucleated. Eyes were either cryopreserved or dissected into retinal and choroidal flatmounts. Fluorescence immunohistochemistry was performed for retinal glial fibrillary acidic protein (activated Müller cells and astrocytes) and vimentin (Müller cells), as well as peanut agglutin lectin (photoreceptors) labeling. RPE/choroids were labeled for RPE65 and CD34. Images were collected on Zeiss confocal microscopes. Results:Fundus photos, spectral domain optical coherent tomography, and RPE65 staining revealed well-demarcated areas with focal loss of RPE and photoreceptors in NaIO3-treated rats. At 1 day after injection, RPE cells appeared normal. By 3 days, there was patchy RPE and photoreceptor loss in the injected area. RPE and photoreceptors were completely degenerated in the injected area by 7 days. A large subretinal glial membrane occupied the degenerated area. Choriocapillaris was highly attenuated in the injected area at 14 and 28 days. Conclusions:The rat model reported herein mimics the photoreceptor cell loss, RPE atrophy, glial membrane formation, and choriocapillaris degeneration seen in GA. This model will be valuable for developing and testing drugs and progenitor cell regenerative therapies for GA.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Bhutto IA,Ogura S,Baldeosingh R,McLeod DS,Lutty GA,Edwards MMdoi
10.1167/iovs.18-24245subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-03-20 00:00:00pages
AMD143-AMD151issue
4eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
2702505journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We investigated the possibility that the spatial imprecision of amblyopic eyes can be accounted for by the relative insensitivity to contrast that has been documented for these eyes. Thresholds for the discrimination of spatial misalignment, a measure of spatial uncertainty, were determined for three amblyopes and one...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To conduct clinical and genetic studies in a European family with autosomal dominant Stargardt-like macular dystrophy (adSTGD-like MD) and to investigate the functional consequences of a novel ELOVL4 mutation. METHODS:Ophthalmic examination and mutation screening by direct sequencing of the ELOVL4 gene was per...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.04-0078
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To establish whether fucoidin, by blocking the adhesion of leukocytes on the limbal vascular endothelium, prevents extravasation of the cells from the blood stream into the limbal stroma and the wounded area after corneal injury. Successful leukocyte blocking enabled investigation of the influence of leukocytes...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine gain, speed, and temporal characteristics of initial and closed-loop components of vergence eye movements in young and elderly subjects. METHODS:Vergence eye movements in 13 elderly and 10 young adults were examined. A table with light-emitting diodes was used to elicit vergence starting from near (...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.08-2474
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To calculate the relative amount of hemoglobin (Hb) in sectors of the optic nerve head (ONH) from stereoscopic color fundus images using the Laguna ONhE method and compare the results with the visual field evaluation and optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS:Healthy eyes (n = 87) and glaucoma eyes (n = 7...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-15592
更新日期：2015-02-10 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the impact of diabetic macular ischemia (DMI) on visual acuity (VA), through the analysis of novel fluorescein angiography (FA) parameters. METHODS:Data were retrospectively collected over a 6-month period. DMI severity was graded using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) protocol...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.12-11103
更新日期：2013-03-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The uveal absorption of aqueous humor at two different intraocular pressures was measured in rhesus monkeys by sampling vortex vein blood during anterior chamber perfusion of Ringer's solution containing both fluorescein and 125I albumin. At 20 mm. Hg, an excess of fluorescein equivalent in amount to 0.45 microliter/m...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To ascertain whether the corneal endothelium exhibits specific receptors for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and to characterize partially any binding activity. METHODS:Most experiments employed radioligand-binding techniques to characterize 125I-ANP binding activity. Guanylate cyclase and corneal deturgescen...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the role of polyphosphate kinase 1 (PPK1) in the ocular virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS:Using a mouse model of infection, P. aeruginosa strains PAO1, PAOM5 (an isogenic mutant of PAO1 deficient in PPK1), and PAOM5+PPK1 (the mutant complemented with PPK1 on plasmid pHEPAK11) were compa...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.04-0340
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study examined the association between peripapillary choroidal thickness (PCT) with age and race in a group of African descent (AD) and European descent (ED) subjects with normal eyes. METHODS:Optic nerve head images from enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of 166 normal ey...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-16179
更新日期：2015-02-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Vitrectomy has been shown to halt diabetic retinal neovascularization, but the mechanism of this process is unknown. We propose that vitrectomy improves the oxygen supply to ischemic inner retina by way of fluid currents in the vitreous cavity. In order to test this hypothesis, we induced branch retinal vein occlusion...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Nd:YAG laser photodisruption with nanosecond (ns) pulses in the millijoule range is an established tool for intraocular surgery. This study investigates tissue effects in cornea, lens, and retina to assess whether picosecond (ps) pulses with energies in the microjoule range can increase the surgical precision, ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the effects of methylcobalamin on glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in the cultured retinal neurons. METHODS:Primary cultures obtained from the fetal rat retina (gestation days 16 to 19) were used for the experiment. The neurotoxicity was assessed quantitatively using the trypan blue exclusion method....
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper investigates the amplitude of accommodation of early onset myopes, late onset myopes, emmetropes, and hyperopes. Eighty subjects were used, 41 women and 39 men, with an age range of 18-22 yr (mean = 19.82). All subjects wore an optimum refractive correction, giving visual acuities of 20/20 or better. Signif...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To identify major gangliosides - the sialated glycolipids - of corneal epithelium; to determine which specific gangliosides, if any, are synthesized in a higher amount or are downregulated during corneal epithelial cell migration; and to determine what role, if any, they play in the modulation of corneal epithe...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy caused by the chronic and progressive death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), resulting in irreversible blindness. Ocular hypertension is a major risk factor, but RGC death often continues after ocular hypertension is normalized, and can take place with normal tension. Continuous...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.10-6691
更新日期：2011-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The authors recently showed that the retinal circulation can be accessed by transfemoral endovascular catheterization. The purpose of this study was to examine whether endovascular coiling can be used to induce different degrees of ischemic injury. The possibility of creating occlusions at different sites in th...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.11-7628
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess the aqueous outflow pathway in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) through provocative gonioscopy and channelography with a flexible microcatheter and fluorescein tracer during canaloplasty. METHODS:One eye each was randomly selected from 28 consecutive black African POAG patients undergoing canalopla...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.09-4327
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The adult lacrimal gland (LG) is highly regenerative and is able to repair itself even after substantial damage; however, this ability to regenerate is lost with the development of dry eye conditions in chronically inflamed LGs.This study compares changes in the cell adhesion and cell matrix molecules and stem ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-17477
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To develop a modified adenoassociated viral (AAV) vector capable of efficient transfection of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and to test the hypothesis that use of this vector to express brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) could be protective in experimental glaucoma. METHODS:Ninety-three rats received one...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.02-1332
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the biometric characteristics of eyes with idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). METHODS:Medical records of 52 consecutive patients with unilateral CSC were reviewed. Central serous chorioretinopathy was diagnosed using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and fluor...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.13-13183
更新日期：2014-03-13 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.03-1194
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to characterize a Krt12-Cre knock-in mouse line for corneal epithelium-specific gene ablation and to analyze the allelic selection of the keratin 12 (Krt12) gene during corneal type-epithelium differentiation. METHODS:Knock-in mice were generated by gene targeting. The authors exa...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.10-5331
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:Dense deposit disease (DDD) is caused by dysregulation of the alternative pathway of the complement cascade and characterized by electron-dense deposits in the kidney glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and drusen in Bruch's membrane (BrM). Complement factor H (fH) and factor properdin (fP) regulate complement a...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.18-24133
更新日期：2018-07-02 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To characterize the differential expression of intraocular inflammatory cytokines in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and to assess their roles as prognostic determinants of BRVO. METHODS:A prospective cohort study of 38 eyes with BRVO. Aqueous humor samples were collected just before the intravi...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.10-6299
更新日期：2011-05-06 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the relationship between optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of the retina and retinal substructure in vitro and in vivo. METHODS:In vitro, OCT images of human and bovine retina were acquired after sequential excimer laser ablation of the inner retinal layers. Measurements of bands in the OC...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine the relative roles of the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) in pupillary hippus. Methods:We used a paired-eye control study design with three cohorts receiving either 1.0% tropicamide (PNS antagonist) in light (TL), 1.0% tropicamide in dark (T...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.16-20785
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study was undertaken to improve understanding of the defective lens developmental changes induced by the transgenic overexpression of the Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor RhoGDIalpha. The study was focused on a single differentially expressed gene encoding ponsin, a cell adhesion interacting signaling adapto...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.08-2909
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Defensins are naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides. Recently the authors published evidence of defensin production by the human ocular surface. A study was undertaken to look for intraocular defensins that may account for unexplained antimicrobial activity of intraocular fluids. METHODS:Reverse transcrip...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine whether messenger RNA coding for fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, interleukin-1 receptor, and glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA are produced in human lacrimal tissue. METHODS:Total cellular RNA was isolated from three specimens of normal human lacrimal tissue and complementary DNA was synt...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
