Abstract：
:Most pediatric malignancies require some form of cross-sectional imaging, either for staging or response assessment. The majority of these are solid tumors and this review addresses the role of MRI, as well as other cross-sectional and functional imaging techniques, for evaluating the most common pediatric solid tumors. The primary emphasis is on neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma and Wilms tumor, three of the most common non-central-nervous-system (CNS) pediatric solid tumors encountered in young children. The initial focus will be a review of the imaging techniques and approaches used for diagnosis, staging and early post-treatment response assessment, followed by a discussion of the role surveillance imaging plays in pediatric oncology and a brief review of other emerging imaging techniques. The lessons learned here can be applied to most other pediatric tumors, including rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma, as well as germ cell tumors, neurofibromatosis and other rare tumors. Although lymphoma, in particular Hodgkin lymphoma, represents one of the more common pediatric malignancies, this is not discussed in detail here. Rather, many of the lessons that we have learned from lymphoma, specifically with regard to how we integrate both anatomical imaging and functional imaging techniques, is applied to the discussion of the other pediatric solid tumors.
journal_name
Pediatr Radioljournal_title
Pediatric radiologyauthors
Voss SDdoi
10.1007/s00247-018-4162-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-08-01 00:00:00pages
1324-1336issue
9eissn
0301-0449issn
1432-1998pii
10.1007/s00247-018-4162-4journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:Patient organ doses may be estimated from CTDI values. More accurate estimates may be obtained by measuring KERMA (Kinetic Energy Released in Matter) in anthropomorphic phantoms and referencing these values to free-in-air X-ray intensity. OBJECTIVE:To measure KERMA ratios (R(K)) in pediatric phantoms at CT....
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-011-2336-4
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between image noise and radiation dose was investigated in computed tomography (CT) images of a pediatric abdomen phantom. A protocol which provided a minimum absorbed dose consistent with acceptable image noise criteria was determined for a fourth generation CT scanner. It was found that pediatric ab...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02387506
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma commonly arises in the extremities and is characterized by aggressive biology and high frequency of metastases. Whole-body imaging is increasingly employed in pediatric oncology but not recommended as standard in the staging of soft-tissue sarcomas. OBJECTIVE:After observing patien...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-017-4066-8
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A calcified thrombus in the inferior vena cava of infants and children may be imaged by computed tomography. The precise location of the calcification within the inferior vena cava may be confirmed by computed tomographic scanning during injection of intravenous contrast material. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01001751
更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this report, the clinical and unusual sonographic manifestations of a perforated appendiceal abscess is described. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02467309
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibroblast growth factor receptor mutations cause some of the main short-limb skeletal dysplasias and craniosynostosis syndromes, including achondroplasia, hypochondroplasia, thanatophoric dysplasia, Apert syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome, and Jackson-Weiss syndrome. Much work remains to be done in unrave...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s002470050165
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neonatal cerebral MR imaging is a sensitive technique for evaluating brain injury in the term and preterm infant. In term encephalopathic infants, MR imaging reliably detects not only the pattern of brain injury but might also provide clues about the timing of injury. In premature infants, MR imaging has surpassed US ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,实务指引
doi：10.1007/s00247-007-0705-9
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gadolinium-based contrast agents can increase the accuracy and expediency of an MRI examination. However the benefits of a contrast-enhanced scan must be carefully weighed against the well-documented risks associated with administration of exogenous contrast media. The purpose of this review is to discuss commercially...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-017-3806-0
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The question of radiological mass screening for congenital dislocated hip is still debated. We have tried to evaluate the cost-benefit ratio of radiological detection at the age of 3-4 months, taking into account the socio-economic cost and radiation risk. Assuming a frequency of this disorder of 1% the average cost o...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02343430
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare, though well-described, hereditary polyposis syndrome associated with mucocutaneous pigmentation that typically presents in the second decade of life with complications related to intestinal polyps. We present two cases of teenaged girls presenting with small-bowel intussusceptio...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-002-0695-6
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retrograde radiologic gastrostomy is one of several techniques used for placing a gastrostomy and is a common technique used in children. The use of a retention anchor suture (RAS) is an important component of this procedure. This pictorial essay explores the normal course and passage of the RAS, as well as abnormal m...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-013-2627-z
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Endoscopic ultrasound is seldom available at paediatric centres; therefore drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts in children has traditionally been achieved by surgery. OBJECTIVE:This study assessed the feasibility and safety of performing image-guided internal drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts with a flanged...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s00247-019-04471-9
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review our experience with unusual ocular pathologies, some mimicking retinoblastoma, that were referred to our institution during the past two decades. After presenting the imaging anatomy of the normal eye, we discuss pertinent clinical and pathological features, and illustrate the US and MRI appearance of retino...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-012-2374-6
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary liver malignancies are rare in children. Hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) together represent the overwhelming majority of cases. Overall survival of hepatoblastoma approaches 80% with multimodal treatment approaches that include chemotherapy, surgery and transplantation. However, there remains...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-018-4068-1
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Shielding of the gonads is a dose-saving strategy in pediatric radiography and its use is the law in New York and the majority of other states. However, routine use of gonadal shields is controversial because of concerns that important diagnostic information can be obscured. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this st...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-013-2700-7
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cranial sonography plays an important role in the initial evaluation of infants with suspected bacterial meningitis and in monitoring for complications of the disease. Echogenic widening of the brain sulci, meningeal thickening and hyperemia suggest the diagnosis in an at-risk population. Sonography can identify the p...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-007-0538-6
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present the MRI findings in a case of subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn. To our knowledge, the MRI findings of this entity have not been reported. Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is an uncommon, benign process in full-term infants. Hypercalcemia may be a potentially life-threatening complication of ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050696
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Until recently scurvy has been viewed in developed countries as a disease of the past. More recently there have been reports of case series of children with scurvy who have had a delayed diagnosis after an extensive diagnostic workup that included imaging. Most of these children have had underlying neurologi...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-016-3726-4
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pectus excavatum, the most common congenital deformity of the anterior chest wall, is both a cosmetic and functional abnormality. The degree of abnormal chest wall deformity determines its functional effect, particularly its cardiac and pulmonary impact. Although CT scanning is the most widely used cross-sectional ima...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-011-2031-5
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe five boys, all of whom presented with urinary tract infection or acquired urinary incontinence some years after surgery for a high anorectal malformation (ARM). All were found to have a posterior urethral diverticulum thought to represent the remains of the original rectourethral fistula accompanying the h...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01372089
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present the CT and MRI findings of an 8-day-old infant with an infected cephalhaematoma complicated by skull osteomyelitis, venous sinus thrombosis and left cerebellar haemorrhage. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-001-0647-6
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cranial ultrasound on neonatal intensive care units is generally performed by intensive care physicians, but radiologists often provide this crucial bedside test to children on specialist paediatric cardiac intensive care units. On a paediatric cardiac intensive care unit, complex congenital cardiac conditions are com...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-019-04603-1
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anomalous origin of the left pulmonary artery in tetralogy of Fallot was diagnosed in a 4-year-old boy be cardiac catheterization. Corrective surgery was performed. The child died immediately following the surgical procedure. Postmortem examination revealed obstructive pulmonary vascular disease of the left lung and n...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02388368
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Imaging is a crucial part of the evaluation of children with primary liver malignancies. In addition to staging the intrahepatic extent of the tumour, the 2005 revision of the PRETEXT system specifies certain criteria for assessment of extrahepatic disease. This article reviews the imaging findings of two of these cri...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-007-0513-2
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The isolated form of femoral bowing is an important differential diagnosis of campomelia. Therefore, knowledge of isolated anomalies is fundamental for prenatal diagnosis, especially for the differential diagnosis from severe syndromes. Four cases are presented to discuss the differential diagnosis of femoral bowing i...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-004-1375-5
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:58 paediatric patients with pneumonia, in whom an etiological agent had been isolated, were reviewed. The patients were designated to have either viral or bacterial pneumonia on the basis of proposed clinical and radiological criteria. These presumed diagnoses were then compared to the microbiologically proven diagnos...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00974077
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Because of its absence of ionising radiation and possibility for obtaining functional information, MRI is promising for assessing lung disease in children who require repetitive imaging for long-term follow-up. OBJECTIVE:To describe MRI findings in children with cystic fibrosis and evaluate semi-quantitativ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-017-4021-8
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 3-year-old Algerian boy with unusual facies, mesomelic dysplasia of the upper extremities, meta-epiphyseal changes in the lower extremities and skin dimples is reported. The authors are not able to classify the child's syndrome nosologically. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02012398
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neonate in this report had severe encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis with intracranial calcification, cranial hemiatrophy, microcephaly and generalised severe cerebral atrophy. Such findings are not common in the newborn with this syndrome. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00973676
更新日期：1979-02-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Pseudotumoral cystitis is an unusual lesion and since it may be confused with rhabdomyosarcoma, knowledge of its existence is important. We report eight cases. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
