Structural and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging of the lung in cystic fibrosis.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Because of its absence of ionising radiation and possibility for obtaining functional information, MRI is promising for assessing lung disease in children who require repetitive imaging for long-term follow-up. OBJECTIVE:To describe MRI findings in children with cystic fibrosis and evaluate semi-quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced lung perfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We retrospectively compared lung MRI in 25 children and young adults with cystic fibrosis (median age 3.7 years) to 12 children (median age 2 years) imaged for other pathologies. MRI at 1.5 T included respiratory-gated sequences and contrast-enhanced lung perfusion imaging. We described and graded any morphologic change. Signal enhancement and time to peak values of perfusion abnormalities were compared to those of normally enhancing lung parenchyma. RESULTS:Frequent findings in patients with cystic fibrosis were bronchial wall thickening (24/25, 96%), areas of consolidation (22/25, 88%), enlarged lymph nodes (20/25, 80%), bronchiectasis (5/25, 20%) and mucus plugging (3/25, 12%). Compared to normally enhancing lung, perfusion defects (21/25, 84%), characterised by decreased enhancement, showed prolonged time to peak. Areas of consolidation showed increased enhancement. While time to peak of procedure-related atelectasis was not significantly different from that of normal lung, disease-related consolidation showed prolonged time to peak (P=0.01). CONCLUSION:Lung MRI demonstrates structural and perfusion abnormalities in children and young people with cystic fibrosis. Semi-quantitative assessment of dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion imaging might allow differentiation between procedure-related atelectasis and disease-related consolidation.

journal_name

Pediatr Radiol

journal_title

Pediatric radiology

authors

Amaxopoulou C,Gnannt R,Higashigaito K,Jung A,Kellenberger CJ

doi

10.1007/s00247-017-4021-8

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-02-01 00:00:00

pages

165-175

issue

2

eissn

0301-0449

issn

1432-1998

pii

10.1007/s00247-017-4021-8

journal_volume

48

pub_type

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