Abstract:
:We explored whether the synergic control of the hand during multi-finger force production tasks depends on the hand muscles involved. Healthy subjects performed accurate force production tasks and targeted force pulses while pressing against loops positioned at the level of fingertips, middle phalanges, and proximal phalanges. This varied the involvement of the extrinsic and intrinsic finger flexors. The framework of the uncontrolled manifold (UCM) hypothesis was used to analyze the structure of inter-trial variance, motor equivalence, and anticipatory synergy adjustments prior to the force pulse in the spaces of finger forces and finger modes (hypothetical finger-specific control signals). Subjects showed larger maximal force magnitudes at the proximal site of force production. There were synergies stabilizing total force during steady-state phases across all three sites of force production; no differences were seen across the sites in indices of structure of variance, motor equivalence, or anticipatory synergy adjustments. Indices of variance, which did not affect the task (within the UCM), correlated with motor equivalent motion between the steady states prior to and after the force pulse; in contrast, variance affecting task performance did not correlate with non-motor equivalent motion. The observations are discussed within the framework of hierarchical control with referent coordinates for salient effectors at each level. The findings suggest that multi-finger synergies are defined at the level of abundant transformation between the low-dimensional hand level and higher dimensional finger level while being relatively immune to transformations between the finger level and muscle level. The results also support the scheme of control with two classes of neural variables that define referent coordinates and gains in back-coupling loops between hierarchical control levels.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Cuadra C,Bartsch A,Tiemann P,Reschechtko S,Latash MLdoi
10.1007/s00221-018-5231-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-05-01 00:00:00pages
1383-1393issue
5eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106pii
10.1007/s00221-018-5231-5journal_volume
236pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A force-matching task was used to study the influence of constraining tactile information from the hand on the perception of forces generated with the index finger flexors, the palmar prehensile grasp and with the elbow flexors. Subjects generated the same reference forces (2-10 N) with each muscle group and matched t...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0259-8
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The discharge frequency of primary (Ia) and secondary (II) muscle spindle afferents from the tibial anterior muscle of the cat were recorded under a ramp-and-hold stretch of the host muscle. The rate of ramp stretch and the prestretch of the muscle were varied systematically. The degree of stretch was kept constant. F...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00227509
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Encoding of visual target location in extrapersonal space requires convergence of at least three types of information: retinal signals, information about orbital eye positions, and the position of the head on the body. Since the position of gaze is the sum of the head position and the eye position, inaccuracy of spati...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00241543
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hand shaping during prehension involves intricate coordination of a complex system of bones, joints, and muscles. It is widely hypothesized that the motor system uses strategies to reduce the degrees of independent control. Both biomechanical constraints that result in coupling of the fingers and joints and neural syn...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-4117-4
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Performing joint actions often requires precise temporal coordination of individual actions. The present study investigated how people coordinate their actions at discrete points in time when continuous or rhythmic information about others' actions is not available. In particular, we tested the hypothesis that making ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2706-z
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between neuronal calcium binding protein content (calbindin D28K: CaBP and parvalbumin: PV) and vulnerability to ischemia was studied in different regions of the rat brain using the four vessel occlusion model of complete forebrain ischemia. The areas studied, i.e. the hippocampal formation, neocortex...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00232193
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To address the hypothesis that Parkinson's disease (PD) patients have deficits in controlling acceleration, a drawing task was used in which target size, frequency, and weight of pen were manipulated. In accordance with previous results, it was found that, relative to controls, PD patients produced movements at the re...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-1925-z
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to identify cholinergic neurons of the brain stem which project to the forebrain, retrograde labeling of neurons in the brain stem was examined by autoradiography following injections of 20 microCi [3H]choline into the thalamus, hypothalamus, basal forebrain and frontal cortex. After injections into the ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236317
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we sought to examine the effect of experimentally induced somatic pain on memory. Subjects heard a series of words and made categorization decisions in two different conditions. One condition included painful shocks administered just after presentation of some of the words; the other condition involved ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05534-x
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypoglossal nucleus (Mo12) contains motoneurons that innervate the tongue, while the motor trigeminal nucleus (Mo5) contains motoneurons that elevate or depress the mandible. Previous studies have revealed lateral and medial tegmental field neuronal afferents to the Mo12 adjacent to, but not within, the motor trig...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00227237
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior studies identify two cortical areas, posterior parahippocampal cortex and retrosplenial cortex, that preferentially activate to images of real-world scenes compared to images of other meaningful visual stimuli such as objects and faces. Behavioral and computational studies suggest that sub-categories of real-wor...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0766-2
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few investigations have examined mental workload during motor practice or learning in a context of team dynamics. This study examines the underlying cognitive-motor processes of motor practice by assessing the changes in motor performance and mental workload during practice of reaching movements. Individuals moved a r...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-017-5136-8
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gait is recognized as a key item related to mental function. Anomalous gait in psychotic individuals has been described for the lower extremities, whereas irregularities for upper body dynamics are not described, explained or verified with unbiased methods. Reduced walking velocity and increased somatic tension define...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3184-7
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyramidal cell structure varies systematically in occipitotemporal visual areas in monkeys. The dendritic trees of pyramidal cells, on average, become larger, more branched and more spinous with progression from the primary visual area (V1) to the second visual area (V2), the fourth (V4, or dorsolateral DL visual area...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0057-3
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The firing of tuberoinfundibular neurones antidromically identified as projecting to the median eminence was recorded during electrical stimulation of the preoptic and/or anterior hypothalamic areas (PO/AH) of the rostral hypothalamus. Parameters of stimulation were chosen which are known to cause increased secretion ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237074
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A magnetic stimulus applied to the human scalp over the motor cortex causes a short latency contraction of contralateral limb muscles. This is presumed to result from the indirect excitation of corticospinal neurons with monosynaptic connections to motoneurons. The excitability of these cortical neurons can be estimat...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00247369
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::After minimizing proprioceptive input from the legs by ischemia without degradation of muscle force and excluding visual stabilization by eye closure, a characteristic anterior-posterior postural sway around 1 Hz was observed in three normal subjects. This is similar to the instability seen in two tabes dorsalis patie...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237939
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigated the function of the brain activity underlying the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) event-related potential (ERP) component. Snowflake patterns (complex stimuli) were presented as deviants and oblique bar patterns (simple stimuli) as standards, and vice versa in a passive oddball paradig...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05494-2
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six cats were reared with surgically produced squint or atropinisation of one eye during the sensitive period of development. Five cats were reared without an ocular interference but in the same environment as the experimental cats. Four of these normally reared cats provided control data for perikaryal size. When the...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00235784
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of spontaneous unitary activity of rat neocortex was investigated during slow wave sleep and urethane anaesthesia. Neurones in layer IV and V locations fired in a burst-pause pattern at a low burst repetition rate (0.5-4 per second) during both stage 3/4 sleep and urethane anaesthesia. Occasionally an alter...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237474
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although a number of studies have demonstrated state-related dependence of auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs), the investigations assessing trait-related ASSR changes are limited. Five consistently identified major trait dimensions, also referred to as "big five" (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeablenes...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4494-3
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied over the occipital lobe approximately 100 ms after the onset of a stimulus decreases its visibility if it appears in the location of the phosphene. Because phosphenes can also be elicited by stimulation of the parietal regions, we asked if the same procedure that is used...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-3888-y
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Joint stiffness measurements during small transient perturbations have suggested that stiffness during movement is different from that observed during posture. These observations are problematic for theories like the classical equilibrium point hypothesis, which suggest that desired trajectories during movement are en...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210000598
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of alteration of thyroid state on neurochemical maturation have been studied in rats made hypothyroid by daily injections of methimazole or hyperthyroid by daily supplementation with thyroid hormone (T3) from postnatal days 1 to 27. Biochemical assays on seven brain regions plus the spinal cord were carrie...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00229834
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of bilateral focal cooling of dorsolateral thoracic spinal cord on segmental reflex pathways to the triceps surae muscles were assessed in decerebrate cats from the reflex forces produced by single shocks or trains of electrical stimuli applied to the ipsilateral caudal cutaneous sural and the contralatera...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00230042
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A contrast reversal (alternating phase) stimulus was used to study the responses of 150 retinal ganglion cells from 15 adult cats. Because the majority of the cells did not show perfect linear spatial summation, a ratio of the firing rates at two time periods was used to express the degree of nonlinearity. Y-cells sho...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236782
更新日期:1979-03-09 00:00:00
abstract::Hand muscle reflexes following muscle stretch and electrical nerve stimulation show a typical pattern consisting of short- and long-latency reflexes. The present investigation was designed to test reflexes following pure cutaneous stimulation. Air puffs were delivered to the palmar tip and the nail bed of the first, s...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00242189
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Path integration studies in humans show that we have the ability to accurately reproduce our path in the absence of visual information. It has been suggested that this ability is supported by acceleration signals, as transduced by the otolith organs, which may then be integrated twice to produce path excursion. Vestib...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-007-1072-3
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate the modulation of muscle activity during locomotor-like movements by different walking speeds in subjects with a motor complete spinal cord injury (SCI) compared to actively--and passively-walking control subjects without neurological deficit. Stepping movements on a treadmill wer...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0509-4
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dorsomedial frontal cortex (DMFC) was studied in monkeys trained to make visually guided eye or arm movements. Portions of DMFC are involved in the execution of learned, goal-directed behaviors. Many neurons discharge with both eye and hand movements as well as when motor responses are withheld, provided these behavio...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00247300
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00