Abstract:
:Hand muscle reflexes following muscle stretch and electrical nerve stimulation show a typical pattern consisting of short- and long-latency reflexes. The present investigation was designed to test reflexes following pure cutaneous stimulation. Air puffs were delivered to the palmar tip and the nail bed of the first, second and fifth fingers during isotonic contraction of hand muscles. The EMGs from the thenar muscles, the first dorsal interosseous muscle and the hypothenar muscles were recorded. Reflexes were obtained in all muscles, with a typical configuration consisting of a short-latency excitatory component (cutaneous long-latency reflex I, cLLR I) and a second excitatory component (cutaneous long-latency reflex II, cLLR II), with an inhibitory component between them. The size of cLLR II differed depending on the area stimulated and the muscle recorded. We found the largest responses always in the muscle acting on the stimulated finger. The reflex size depended on the strength of air puff stimulation. Allowing small displacements of the fingers led to an additional increase in the size of the reflex. The pattern of reflexes was identical independent of whether the finger tip or the nail bed was stimulated, but the size of the reflexes was smaller following nail bed stimulation. Following blockade of the cutaneous nerve branches of the thumb with local anaesthetics, air puff stimulation of the thumb no longer elicited this reflex pattern. Hence, under our experimental conditions, cutaneous receptors were the only source of afferent input for these reflexes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Deuschl G,Feifel E,Guschlbauer B,Lücking CHdoi
10.1007/BF00242189subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-01-01 00:00:00pages
138-46issue
1eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
105pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Both human and animal research indicate that rapid eye movement sleep (REM) plays an important role in the processing of emotional information. REM is altered after fear conditioning in rats, but this alteration can be mitigated by exposure to a naïve conspecific. In addition, both the housing condition (isolated vs p...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-3828-x
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemoreceptor pathways from the vomeronasal organ (VNO), and main olfactory system are known to be separate as they pass into the brain, at least until the level of the amygdala. In the amygdala, vomeronasal pathways project to the posteromedial cortical nucleus (PMCN), and medial nucleus (MN). The main olfactory path...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00247024
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Load perturbations were applied to the arm of human subjects under conditions where both limb segments (upper arm and forearm) were free to move. The perturbations consisted of pulses of torque 50 ms in duration and of pseudo-random sequences of such pulses. They were applied to either the forearm or the upper arm. Un...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237573
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Micturition in the decerebrate cat is characterized by a coordinated bladder contraction and a simultaneous decrease in external urethral sphincter (EUS) efferent activity. Without the suppression of EUS activity, voiding is significantly impaired, resulting in a state sometimes referred to as bladder-sphincter dyssyn...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050345
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to determine whether motor evoked potentials (MEPs) as well as silent periods could be produced in hand and shoulder muscles by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere and, if so, whether their cortical representations could be mapped with respect to those of contralate...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00227284
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Local alpha-band synchronization has been associated with both cortical idling and active inhibition. Recent evidence, however, suggests that long-range alpha synchronization increases functional coupling between cortical regions. We demonstrate increased long-range alpha and beta band phase synchronization during sho...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-2086-9
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular relationships between serotonin (5-HT) axons and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-containing neurons were examined by combined (3H)5-HT uptake radioautography and TH immunocytochemistry in the medial zona incerta (ZI) of adult rats, 7 and 50 days after an intracerebral injection of 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT)....
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00250592
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 12 subjects, each sitting on an armchair with the right forearm prone, the H-reflex elicited in the resting flexor carpi radialis muscle underwent cyclic excitability changes correlated with rhythmic flexion-extension movements of the ipsilateral foot (frequency of oscillations between 1.5 and 2.5 Hz). During foot ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050297
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) to function properly, namely to ensure a stable retinal image under all circumstances, it should be able to take into account varying eye positions in the orbit and varying orientations of the head with respect to the axis about which it is rotating. We tested this capability by q...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00238215
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular recordings were obtained from inferior olivary neurones of the rat. The responses of fifty neurones evoked by electrical stimulation of a branch of the trigeminal nerve were recorded. Maxillary nerve stimulation was most effective. The response was characterized by an early discharge (single spike and wa...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00238283
更新日期:1976-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::This paper investigates how the efficiency and robustness of a skilled rhythmic task compete against each other in the control of a bimanual movement. Human subjects juggled a puck in 2D through impacts with two metallic arms, requiring rhythmic bimanual actuation. The arms kinematics were only constrained by the posi...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1297-9
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies suggest that recreational use of cocaine is associated with significant impairments in the same cognitive control functions that are affected by chronic use. Here we tested whether recreational cocaine use can impact the emergence and resolution of response conflict in conflict-inducing tasks. Recreatio...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3724-9
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phenotypic effect of the weaver mutation in the ventral midbrain of homozygous mutants is associated with the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. To discover whether the number of mesencephalic dopaminergic cells is altered in weaver heterozygotes (wv/+), we studied mice between 20 and 365 days of age. We co...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02454137
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) conjugate was injected into the lumbar or cervical spinal cord of adult cats in order to examine its usefulness as an anterograde tracer of long ascending spinal tracts. Heavily labeled fibers and terminal-like structures were found in restricted regions of the gr...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237154
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The startle reaction (SR) is usually understood as an involuntary reaction to an unexpected sensory input. However, there is evidence that the mechanisms involved in the SR contribute also to the execution of actions that we consider voluntary. We need to exert a fine control of the motor output, which usually involve...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1402-0
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study exploited the alterations in pedal speed and joints kinematics elicited by changing crank length (CL) to test how altered task mechanics during cycling will modulate the muscle activation characteristics in human rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris long head (BF), soleus (SOL) and tibialis anterior (TA). Ki...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1561-y
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor function difficulties associated with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP) impact gait inter-limb coordination between the upper and lower extremities. Two motor learning based, upper extremity treatments, Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) and Hand Arm Bimanual Therapy (HABIT), have resulted in impr...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05501-6
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigated the effect of auditory feedback on planning and control of two-segment reaching movements and eye-hand coordination. In particular, it was examined whether additional auditory information indicating the progression of the initial reach (i.e., passing the midway and contacting the target)...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-018-5366-4
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Affordance theory and behavioural dynamics have been used as theoretical constructs to explain how individuals interact with the environment in order to avoid obstacles. Features of obstacle distance and multiple obstacle avoidance have been discussed in unique studies, yet the interactions of these environmental feat...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-016-4803-5
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The smooth pursuit system moves the eyes in space accurately while compensating for visual inputs from the moving background and/or vestibular inputs during head movements. To understand the mechanisms underlying such interactions, we examined the influence of a stationary textured visual background on smooth pursuit ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1367-3
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::When searching for a target with eye movements, saccades are planned and initiated while the visual information is still being processed, so that subjects often make saccades away from the target and then have to make an additional return saccade. Presumably, the cost of the additional saccades is outweighed by the ad...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-2032-x
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This longitudinal study, extending over 12 months, assessed the behavioural and biochemical effects of hippocampal sympathetic ingrowth (HSI) into the partially denervated hippocampus. Male Long-Evans rats received fimbria-fornix lesions (FIFO) or sham operations at 90 days of age. At the same time half of the rats fr...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00230648
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated changes in motor memories with the passage of time on the order of hours. We sought to further this work by determining the influence that time on the order of seconds has on motor learning by changing the duration between successive reaches (inter-reach-interval (IRI)). Human subjec...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0062-6
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The excitability of the corticospinal motor pathways to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be differentially modulated by a variety of motor tasks. However, there is emerging evidence that linguistic tasks may alter excitability of the corticospinal motor pathways also. In this study we evaluated the effect o...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1648-5
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is now accepted that performing a cognitive task impacts postural control (Polskaia and Lajoie 2016; Vuillerme et al. Neurosci Lett 291: 77-80, 2000). However, the reverse impact of posture on cognitive performance is less documented. The present study investigated performance in two cognitive activities (memory an...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-020-05858-z
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhythmic interlimb coordination is characterized by attraction to stable phase and frequency relations. Sudden, unintended transitions between such coordination patterns have been observed in iso- and multifrequency tasks when movement frequency was gradually increased. These transitions have been accounted for by mod...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s002210050257
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present work was to characterize calcium responses of brain-capillary endothelial cells (BCEC), the cells forming the blood-brain barrier, to chemical, hyperosmolar and mechanical stimulation. Confluent BCEC cultures were grown from capillary fragments isolated from rat cerebral cortex. Intracellula...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050755
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adequate cerebral perfusion is necessary to preserve cerebral O(2) supply in order to maintain brain cell function. Our aim was to assess the influence of gestational age on the response of cerebral hemodynamics to hypoxemia and to determine thresholds of cerebral O(2) supply for preservation of brain cell function in...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1469-6
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Distribution of substance P (SP)-positive fibers in the medial preoptic area (POM) of the rat and their origins were examined using indirect immunofluorescence. A very high density of SP-positive fibers was seen in the POM throughout its entire rostro-caudal extent. However, the distribution of these fibers was not ev...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00239411
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two superimposed gratings, which differ in orientation and move independently, combine into a coherently moving plaid if the component gratings are similar. The effect on the plaid motion percept of the addition of texture to each grating was investigated. The texture disambiguates the motion of each component grating...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00228400
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00