Large bipolaron density at organic semiconductor/electrode interfaces.

Abstract:

:Bipolaron states, in which two electrons or two holes occupy a single molecule or conjugated polymer segment, are typically considered to be negligible in organic semiconductor devices due to Coulomb repulsion between the two charges. Here we use charge modulation spectroscopy to reveal a bipolaron sheet density >1010 cm-2 at the interface between an indium tin oxide anode and the common small molecule organic semiconductor N,N'-Bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N'-diphenylbenzidine. We find that the magnetocurrent response of hole-only devices correlates closely with changes in the bipolaron concentration, supporting the bipolaron model of unipolar organic magnetoresistance and suggesting that it may be more of an interface than a bulk phenomenon. These results are understood on the basis of a quantitative interface energy level alignment model, which indicates that bipolarons are generally expected to be significant near contacts in the Fermi level pinning regime and thus may be more prevalent in organic electronic devices than previously thought.

journal_name

Nat Commun

journal_title

Nature communications

authors

Dhanker R,Gray CL,Mukhopadhyay S,Nunez S,Cheng CY,Sokolov AN,Giebink NC

doi

10.1038/s41467-017-02459-3

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-12-21 00:00:00

pages

2252

issue

1

issn

2041-1723

pii

10.1038/s41467-017-02459-3

journal_volume

8

pub_type

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