Abstract:
:Since the Protein Data Bank (PDB) was founded in 1971, there are now over 120,000 depositions, the majority of which are from X-ray crystallography and 90% of those made use of synchrotron beamlines. At the Cambridge Structure Database (CSD), founded in 1965, there are more than 800,000 'small molecule' crystal structure depositions and a very large number of those are relevant in the biosciences as ligands or cofactors. The technology for crystal structure analysis is still developing rapidly both at synchrotrons and in home labs. Determination of the details of the hydrogen atoms in biological macromolecules is well served using neutrons as probe. Large multi-macromolecular complexes cause major challenges to crystallization; electrons as probes offer unique advantages here. Methods developments naturally accompany technology change, mainly incremental but some, such as the tuneability, intensity and collimation of synchrotron radiation, have effected radical changes in capability of biological crystallography. In the past few years, the X-ray laser has taken X-ray crystallography measurement times into the femtosecond range. In terms of applications many new discoveries have been made in the molecular biosciences. The scope of crystallographic techniques is indeed very wide. As examples, new insights into chemical catalysis of enzymes and relating ligand bound structures to thermodynamics have been gained but predictive power is seen as not yet achieved. Metal complexes are also an emerging theme for biomedicine applications. Our studies of coloration of live and cooked lobsters proved to be an unexpected favourite with the public and schoolchildren. More generally, public understanding of the biosciences and crystallography's role within the field have been greatly enhanced by the United Nations International Year of Crystallography coordinated by the International Union of Crystallography. This topical review describes each of these areas along with illustrative results to document the scope of each methodology.
journal_name
Biosci Repjournal_title
Bioscience reportsauthors
Helliwell JRdoi
10.1042/BSR20170204subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-07-04 00:00:00issue
4eissn
0144-8463issn
1573-4935pii
BSR20170204journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::A new method for detecting viral antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid is described. The technique has many advantages over previously published methods in that it is highly sensitive eliminating the need to concentrate the CSF, takes 5 h to complete, avoids the use of radionucleides, and most importantly circumvents prob...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01122226
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of the topoisomerase enzyme in DNA recombination was investigated by extracting chromosomal deoxyribonucleoproteins from a variety of cultured mammalian cells and assaying for the formation of recombinant DNA structures. Although each of the crude deoxyribonucleoprotein preparations contained topoisomerase ac...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01115252
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a short review of our contribution to the knowledge of the structure and function of human C1r, the activation unit of C1, the first component of the classical pathway of complement. On the basis of the domain structure of C1r, a model accounting for its autolytic activation mechanism is proposed. ...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01119894
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fasudil is a derivative of 5-isoquinoline sulfonamide, which is a Rho kinase inhibitor, a wide range of pharmacological effects. Fasudil has been shown to attenuate kidney injury caused by certain substances. In the present study, metabolomic analysis of mouse kidney tissues ultra-performance liquid chromatography/qua...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20192940
更新日期:2019-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::In India, Sorghum plant allergenicity was reported to be approximately 54.9%. Sorghum bicolor Polcalcin (Sorb PC) was identified as the panallergen but the specificity of this allergen is yet to be characterized. The present study was aimed to characterize the antigenic determinants of Sorb PC that are responsible for...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20191835
更新日期:2019-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Aims: To identify the key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in islet and investigate their potential pathway in the molecular process of type 2 diabetes.Methods: Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GSE20966, GSE25724, GSE38642) of type 2 diabetes patients and normal controls were downloaded from GEO database. ...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20182172
更新日期:2019-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::Rat ventral prostate incorporated (1-14C)acetate, (1-14C)palmitate and (1-14C)linoleate into different phospholipids in a time-dependent process. The rate of incorporation into total phospholipids was higher with linoleate (10.0 nmol/g) than with either palmitate (5.8 nmol/g) or acetate (4.7 nmol/g). Predominant label...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01116858
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A natural avermectin complex, aversectin C, was shown to be capable of exerting selective cytostatic and neurotoxic effects on mammalian cells. Specifically, it killed proliferating neuroblastoma B103 cells but was non-toxic for differentiated cells of this culture. The antiproliferation action of aversectin C was not...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1020262811459
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies have suggested inconclusive associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of the present study was to quantitatively assess these associations. PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for eligi...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20201008
更新日期:2020-07-31 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the association between dectin-1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and susceptibility to fungal infection (FI). METHODS:Databases were searched electronically and manually to identify case-control studies concerning dectin-1 SNPs and FI, which were published up to 12 November 2018. ...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1042/BSR20191519
更新日期:2019-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Kawasaki disease (KD) is a type of disease that includes the development of a fever that lasts at least 5 days and involves the clinical manifestation of multicellular vasculitis. KD has become one of the most common pediatric cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies have reported that miR-218 rs11134527 A>G is assoc...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20180367
更新日期:2018-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::The marbled rockfish Sebastiscus marmoratus is an ecologically and economically important marine fish species distributed along the northwestern Pacific coast from Japan to the Philippines. Here, next-generation sequencing was used to generate a whole genome survey dataset to provide fundamental information of its gen...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20192252
更新日期:2020-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Coagulation factor IX (FIX) is an essential plasma protein for blood coagulation. The first epidermal growth factor (EGF) motif of FIX (EGF-F9) has been reported to attenuate cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM). The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of this motif on cell adhesion an...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20160098
更新日期:2016-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and renal tubular epithelial cell (TEC) apoptosis are key mechanisms of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). Mitochondria are the main source of intracellular ROS. In the present study, the characteristics of mitophagy and the effects of rapamycin on contrast-indu...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20180876
更新日期:2018-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria are known to participate in the initiation of programmed cell death (PCD) in animals and in plants. The role of chloroplasts in PCD is still unknown. We describe a new system to study PCD in plants; namely, leaf epidermal peels. The peel represents a monolayer consisting of cells of two types: phototrophi...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1025576307912
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disc nucleus pulposus (NP) cell experiences periodic osmolarity alterations during daily activities, which has been proved to affect cell biology in vitro The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-2 (CDMP-2) on NP cell apoptosis under the hyperosmolarity culture ...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20181176
更新日期:2018-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::The sodium contents of beta-cell-rich pancreatic islets from ob/ob-mice were measured with an integrating flame photometer. After washing to an apparent steady state with different types of ice-cold media, islets incubated in the absence of glucose contained 79-108 mmol sodium kg-1 dry weight. Exposure to glucose resu...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01114973
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood platelets have the capacity to participate in a number of physiological as well as pathological processes within the circulation. In order to evaluate their cellular reactivity a number of platelet function tests have been developed. The main in vitro function tests are assessment of aggregation and adhesion, se...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01114683
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conflicting opinions were recently expressed concerning the possible effect of alpha 2-adrenergic agonists upon cyclic AMP production in pancreatic islets. In the present study, clonidine inhibited glucose-induced insulin release from rat pancreatic islets, this inhibitory effect being abolished by idazoxan. Clonidine...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01122227
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of sodium butyrate (NaBut) on cell growth was studied in normal rat kidney (NRK) fibroblasts, and in NRK cells stably transfected with either the adenoviral gene E1A (wild-type), or mutated E1A (E1Amut; with a deletion in the CR1 domain), or with the transforming Ha-ras (EJ) gene. The growth of all these ce...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01199053
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood pressure (BP) is a known prognostic marker for mortality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). However, definition of the BP and its optimal values vary essentially among different MHD populations. Our purpose was to clarify these important clinical parameters in a Chinese MHD cohort. Accordingly, we re...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20200858
更新日期:2020-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::Transfer of Bomirski amelanotic melanoma cells from in vivo to in vitro growth conditions results in occurrence of rapid melanization in their cytoplasm. The melanized cells from primary cell culture initiate tumours in hamsters, which do not contain traces of melanin and resemble typical amelanotic melanoma. ...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01121951
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a relatively rare but fatal gastrointestinal tumor. The microRNA-33b (miR-33b), a member of miR-33 family, is reported to function as a tumor suppressor in various cancers. Notably, miR-33 was predicted to target CROCC based on microarray-based analysis. Hereby, we aimed to characterize the...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20190108
更新日期:2020-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::In order to gain information on the metabolism of dolichol, the rates of excretion of dolichol and dolichyl phosphate were determined in rats maintained on a dolichol-free diet for 10 days. Analysis of fecal samples collected every 48 h yielded mean output values of 9.0 +/- 1.4 and 20.7 +/- 3.0 micrograms/rat/day of d...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01128818
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and its taurine-conjugate, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), play a unique role in modulating the apoptotic threshold in cells. The mechanism is thought to involve, in part, inhibition of translocation for Bax from the cytosol to mitochondria. Here, we attempted to use the native fluoresce...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10540-006-9019-7
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isolated mouse pancreatic islets were infected in vitro with two strains of Coxsackie B4 virus--a tissue culture-adapted strain and a mouse pancreas-adapted strain. Within 48 h of infection changes had occurred in the biochemical activities of islets infected with the mouse pancreas-adapted strain of virus. Basal insu...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01117442
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::NMR is ideal for characterizing non-enzymatic protein glycation, including AGEs (advanced glycation endproducts) underlying tissue pathologies in diabetes and ageing. Ribose, R5P (ribose-5-phosphate) and ADPR (ADP-ribose), could be significant and underinvestigated biological glycating agents especially in chronic inf...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20130135
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) which has been threatening global public health for many years. High genetic diversity is dominant feature of Mtb. Increasing cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a serious public health problem to TB control i...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20181746
更新日期:2019-05-31 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To explore the prognostic value of clusterin (CLU) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with oxaliplatin (OXA). METHODS:Relative expression of plasma CLU mRNA was examined via fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and CLU protein level in tissue samples was detected through immunohistoch...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BSR20200071
更新日期:2020-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives In the present study, we examined available articles from online databases to comprehensively investigate the effect of the XPC (xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C) rs2228000 polymorphism on the risk of different types of clinical cancer. Methods We conducted a group of overall and subgroup pooli...
journal_title:Bioscience reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1042/BSR20192452
更新日期:2019-12-20 00:00:00