Abstract:
:Recent studies suggest that heterotypic cell-cell interactions influence gliogenesis in the developing rat central nervous system. CNS neuron-derived factors have been hypothesized to exist, and several have been identified and partially characterized which affect the number of oligodendrocytes in vitro. In order to study further the role of neurons in gliogenesis, we have used serum-free culture conditions, the B104 CNS neuronal cell line as a source of soluble factors, and dissociated neonatal rat brain cells as a source of glial cells. We have analyzed the response of the glial cells to serum-free B104 conditioned medium using morphological, immunocytochemical, autoradiographic, and enzymatic methods. Dose-dependent increases in the number of morphologically identified oligodendrocytes occur in response to this conditioned medium. Galactocerebroside (GalC) is a specific marker for oligodendrocytes, and the A2B5 antigen marks bipotential glial progenitor cells and their progeny: immature oligodendrocytes and type 2 astrocytes. In the presence of conditioned medium, the number of cells expressing GalC and/or A2B5 antigen increases over time when measured at 4, 8, and 12 days in vitro. A significantly weaker effect is seen if serum is also present. Since the vast majority of A2B5-positive cells in conditioned medium treated cultures lack glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA), indicative of type 2 astrocytes, they represent glial progenitors and immature oligodendrocytes. Double immunostaining combined with autoradiography suggests that the latter cell types are the target cells for the oligodendrocyte-promoting activity. In addition, the conditioned medium markedly increases 2',3' cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (an oligodendrocyte marker) and to a lesser extent enhances glutamine synthetase activity (an astrocyte marker). Type 1 astrocytes are also more morphologically differentiated in this condition, and their percentage is decreased simultaneously. Conditioned medium from other donor neural cells either has no activity or is much less effective than B104 conditioned medium. The active factors are soluble, sensitive to both trypsin and 100 degrees C treatment for 20 min, and appear to be 30-100 kilodaltons by stirred cell ultrafiltration. In summary, we have identified a potent source of growth-stimulating factors that produce increased numbers of glial progenitor cells and oligodendrocytes; the same conditioned medium also appears to inhibit type 1 astrocyte proliferation.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Bottenstein JE,Hunter SF,Seidel Mdoi
10.1002/jnr.490200303subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-07-01 00:00:00pages
291-303issue
3eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Noise exposure is one of the most common causes of hearing loss. Recent studies found that noise exposure-induced cochlear damage may change the excitability and tonotopic organization of the central auditory system (CAS). This plasticity was suspected to be related to tinnitus and hyperacusis. However, how cochlear d...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23152
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are known to be synthesized in the central nervous system (CNS) and to act on CNS cells in vitro, but less is known about their synthesis, expression, and role in vivo. In this work, using specific anti-acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) antibodies, we have shown for the first time...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490290417
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the embryonic and postnatal rat retina a cell surface antigen that is detected by monoclonal antibody JONES is distributed in a dorsoventral gradient. Biochemical analysis has determined that the antigen is a modified ganglioside, 9-O-acetyl GD3. In the present study, the distributions of 9-O-acetyl GD3 and its pos...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490210231
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of neuronal plasma membranes are highly specialized, since they include the receptors by which many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, and toxins initiate their actions, as well as the components necessary for receiving synaptic input from a variety of sources and for generating the appropriate pattern...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490150412
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rewarding effect of opiates is mediated through dissociable neural systems in drug naïve and drug-dependent states. Neuroadaptations associated with chronic drug use are similar to those produced by chronic pain, suggesting that opiate reward could also involve distinct mechanisms in chronic pain and pain-naïve st...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24553
更新日期:2019-11-12 00:00:00
abstract::Within the parenchyma of the CNS, the endothelium of all vessels is surrounded by a layer of cells, pericytes in capillaries and periendothelial or intima smooth muscle cells in other vessels. The origin of these cell types, their relationship, and their role are unclear. However, it has been recently shown that genet...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein kinase C (PKC) and its potential role in myelin gene expression were investigated in primary cultured rat oligodendrocytes. The major myelin genes were expressed in a developmentally coordinated manner in cultured oligodendrocytes. PKC activity in these cells was similarly regulated with differential expressio...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490340509
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of oligodendrocyte precursor cells which cannot be removed from primary cultures by antibody-dependent techniques complicates the interpretation of transplantation experiments designed to examine the potential of astrocytes to influence remyelination (Blakemore et al.; Glia 13:79-91, 1995). In the present...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oligodendrocytes have a high rate of synthetic activity and produce vast amounts of myelin. The membrane production requires specific sorting and transport processes and structural support. In culture, oligodendrocytes extend flat membranous sheets containing an extensive cytoskeletal network of microtubules (MTs) and...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(20000101)59:1<11::aid-jnr2
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injury to areas of the central nervous system can alter neurotrophin levels, which may influence postlesion neuronal survival and plasticity. To determine if sensorineural hearing loss induces such changes, we used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and brain-derived neurotro...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20457
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The postmortem stability of brain RNA was measured in rat and human samples for up to 48 hr. Whole rat brains, cooled at a rate approximating that of human brains awaiting autopsy, were collected at intervals from 0 to 48 hr after death and frozen. These samples were compared with freshly obtained, unfrozen rat brains...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490160123
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Double immunofluorescence studies using antibodies against NF-L and peripherin revealed three distinct subpopulations of neurons in rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG). In the adult rat, 46% of the DRG neurons were small and peripherin-positive (NF-L-negative), and 48% were large and NF-L-positive (peripherin-negative). Abo...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490300111
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The high circulating levels of leptin in neonatal rodents do not seem to be regulating energy balance at this age, but rather may play an important role for brain development. We tested the hypothesis that high neonatal leptin levels modify hippocampal function and production of synaptic proteins with possible long-te...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21173
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of dementia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases with age. Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease of the elderly characterized by amyloid β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The disease involves widespread synaptic loss in the neocortex and the hip...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.23634
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mounting evidence has demonstrated that the microenvironment of stem/progenitor cells plays an important role in their proliferation and commitment to their fate. However, it remains unclear how all elements, such as astrocytes, microglia, extracellular matrix molecules, soluble factors, and their cross-talk interacti...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21454
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing evidence suggests that the regulation of neuronal cell death is complex. In this study we compared the neurotoxic effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), nitric oxide, and thrombin on primary rat cortical cell cultures and the neuronal PC12 cell line. Release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and th...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.1119
更新日期:2001-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Ionotropic glutamate receptors, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptors (AMPARs), are densely distributed in the mammalian brain and actively regulate a variety of cellular activities. Expression and function of these receptors are also under a tig...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.21050
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This Review describes some in vitro approaches used to investigate the mechanisms involved in Krabbe's disease, with particular regard to the cellular systems employed to study processes of inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. The aim was to update the knowledge on the results obtained from in vitro models of th...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.23846
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal stress exerts long-lasting psychiatric and somatic on offspring, which persist into adulthood. However, the effect of maternal stress on the postnatal growth of pups has not been widely reported. In this study, we found that maternal immobilization stress (IS) during lactation resulted in low body weight of m...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22550
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reference genes are often used to normalize expression of data from real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and only a validation of their stability during a given experimental paradigm leads to reliable interpretations. The present study was thus designed to validate potentia...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22282
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene mutated in the mouse open brain (opb) phenotype antagonizes sonic hedgehog-mediated signaling and encodes a small GTPase of the Rab family, Rab23. To date, the brain expression profile and exact mechanism of function of the Rab23 protein has remained unknown. Specific antibodies generated against Rab23 showed...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20788
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calpain, an intracellular cysteine protease, has been widely reported to be involved in neuronal cell death. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of calpain activation in axonal damage-induced retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death. Twelve-week-old male calpstatin (an endogenous calpain inhibitor) knockout ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22800
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulatory factor X4 variant 3 (RFX4_v3) is a recently identified transcription factor specifically expressed in the brain. Gene disruption in mice demonstrated that interruption of a single allele (heterozygous, +/-) prevented formation of the subcommissural organ (SCO), resulting in congenital hydrocephalus, whereas...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.21356
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transient global ischemia causes delayed white matter injury to the brain with oligodendrocyte (OLG) death and myelin breakdown. There is increasing evidence that hypoxia may be involved in several diseases of the white matter, including multiple sclerosis, vascular dementia, and ischemia. Matrix metalloproteinases (M...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22257
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of many myelin-specific molecules in Schwann cells is profoundly decreased following denervation. This study examines the early reexpression of myelin protein genes associated with reinnervation. Following sciatic nerve crush, the distal, regenerated nerve was divided into appropriate (2.5 or 5 mm) cons...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490270202
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) glycoprotein gp120 causes neuronal cell death; however, the molecular mechanisms of the neurotoxic effect remain largely unresolved. It has been suggested that gp120 evokes cell death by inducing the release of neurotoxins, including glutamate. The objective of this work...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10826
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To scale up human neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) cultures for clinical use, we need to know how long these cells can live ex vivo without losing their ability to proliferate and differentiate; thus, a convenient method is needed to estimate the proliferative activity of human NSPCs grown in neurosphere cultures, a...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10377
更新日期:2002-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Nonmotor symptoms of cognitive and affective nature are present in premotor and motor stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). Neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons, persists throughout the mammalian life span in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis may be severely affected in the course of P...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23677
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potassium-induced stimulation of oxygen consumption in brain slices has a threshold value of 15-20 mM potassium, and it reaches its maximum at 35-50 mM. Although this phenomenon now has been known for almost 50 years, its physiological role remains undetermined. One reason for this may be that the high concentrati...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490140108
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The companion study showed that acoustic overstimulation of adult chinchillas, with a noise level sufficient to damage the cochlea, led to cytological changes and degeneration of synaptic endings in the cochlear nucleus within 1-16 weeks. In the present study, the same stimulus was used to study the long-term effects ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20212
更新日期:2004-09-15 00:00:00