Abstract:
:Protein kinase C (PKC) and its potential role in myelin gene expression were investigated in primary cultured rat oligodendrocytes. The major myelin genes were expressed in a developmentally coordinated manner in cultured oligodendrocytes. PKC activity in these cells was similarly regulated with differential expression of PKC isozyme mRNAs. PKC-gamma mRNA was expressed transiently and was most abundant in 9-day cells in vitro. PKC-alpha and PKC-beta mRNAs were present at low levels throughout development in these cells, and their expression increased in 18-25 day cells. Immunocytochemical colocalization of PKC with oligodendrocyte-specific markers--O4, galactosyl cerebroside, MBP, and PLP--in enriched oligodendrocyte cultures suggested that the PKC enzyme activities assayed in these cultures were predominantly contributed by oligodendrocytes. PKC inhibition resulting from long-term exposure to 4 beta-phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (4 beta-PDB) reduced steady-state levels of MBP, PLP, MAG, CNP, and PKC-alpha mRNAs, as detected by slot blots or in situ hybridization, and downregulated the oligodendrocyte-specific markers O4, galactosyl cerebroside, and the major constituent proteins MBP and PLP, as detected by immunocytochemistry. PKC-mediated downmodulation of myelin gene expression was most profound in normally differentiating oligodendrocytes at or before the onset of myelin protein synthesis. Six-day oligodendrocytes were most susceptible to such modulation. To elucidate the mechanism of reduction in various myelin gene messages upon modulation of PKC, we analyzed mRNA levels in oligodendrocytes, which were pretreated with either the transcriptional inhibitor actinomycin D or the protein synthesis blocker cycloheximide before exposure to 4 beta-PDB. Our results demonstrate that the PKC inhibition-mediated loss in myelin mRNA levels did not require the transcription of any genes, but appeared to be at least partially dependent on continuous protein synthesis.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Asotra K,Macklin WBdoi
10.1002/jnr.490340509subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-04-01 00:00:00pages
571-88issue
5eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Both protein kinase C (PKC) and ceramide play a critical role in cell signaling, but the relationship between PKC and ceramide is unclear. Low concentrations of ceramide were observed to transiently stimulate PKC zeta activity in vitro and in vivo, whereas high doses of ceramide lead to inhibition of PKC zeta. Inhibit...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19990201)55:3<293::AID-JNR
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the characteristics of pH(i) regulation at different stages of rat oligodendrocyte differentiation in primary culture. pH(i) was measured at 37 degrees C using the pH-sensitive fluorescent probe BCECF. In immature oligodendrocyte progenitor (OLP), three distinct ionic mechanisms were involved in pH(i) ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(20000315)59:6<731::AID-JNR
更新日期:2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathic pain is a debilitating chronic pain and represents a major clinical challenge. The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying its development and maintenance are not fully understood but involve abnormal excitability in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. A growing body of evidence has shown that this ab...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.23816
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) exhibits pleiotropic functions during embryogenesis. In neural development, both pro- and antineurogenic activities of FGF2 have been described in the differentiation of neuronal progenitors into postmitotic neurons. We used cultured neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from rat embryonic...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20627
更新日期:2005-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Among the ion channels and pumps activated by growth factor stimulation, K+ channels have been implicated in the growth and proliferation of several cancer cell lines. The role of these channels in central nervous system tumors, however, has not been described. This study used the malignant astrocytoma cell lines U87 ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) is an established method for measuring dopamine (DA) levels in the brain in real time. However, it is difficult to discriminate DA from other monoamines such as serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE). We report a novel DA-specific biosensor consisting of a car...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24193
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal stress exerts long-lasting psychiatric and somatic on offspring, which persist into adulthood. However, the effect of maternal stress on the postnatal growth of pups has not been widely reported. In this study, we found that maternal immobilization stress (IS) during lactation resulted in low body weight of m...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22550
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) is a unique glial cell able to support neurite outgrowth in the CNS throughout life. The OEC has been described as having both Schwann cell-like and astrocyte-like characteristics. The purpose of this study was to compare gap junctional communication and connexin (Cx) expression in...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.1182
更新日期:2001-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of electrical stimulation of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) on cardiovascular responses in cats. There was statistical correlation between cardiovascular response and prestimulus mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and heart rate (HR). A trigeminal depressor response (TDR) was induced when th...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20131
更新日期:2004-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Embryonic central nervous system neuroepithelial cells are a transient population of cells that give rise to neuronal and glial progenitors. In the E12-E16 embryonic rat spinal neural tube we have identified neuroepithelial cells as radially oriented cells expressing the GD3 ganglioside as recognized by the monoclonal...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19960901)45:5<549::AID-JNR
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growth and differentiation of neural precursor cells in the central nervous system (CNS) are regulated by their response to polypeptide growth factors which interact with specific transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). We demonstrate that rat oligodendrocyte-type 2 astrocyte (O-2A) glial progenitor cells,...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490360512
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isotonic media containing sodium salts from weak organic acids induce cell swelling in several experimental preparations (Grinstein et al., 1984; Jakubovicz et al., 1987). In vivo perfusion of rat dentate gyrus, using a microdialysis probe, with modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solutions in which 50 mM NaCl was isoto...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490260205
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuron-glia interactions at paranodal junctions play important roles in action potential propagation. Among their many functions, they contribute to the passive electrical properties of myelinated nerve fibers and actively regulate the polarized distribution of ion channels along axons. Despite their importance, relat...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21984
更新日期:2009-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Laminin mediates neural adhesion and process formation. A possible signal transduction pathway for laminin was investigated in both NG108-15 and PC12 neuronal cells using radiolabeling studies as well as various stimulators and inhibitors of phosphatases and kinases. Using [32P]-ortho-phosphate, laminin caused a decre...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490270321
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) either from trauma or due to demyelinating/degenerating diseases results in a typical response of astrocytes, termed astrogliosis. This reaction is characterized by astrocyte proliferation, extensive hypertrophy of nuclei, cell body, and cytoplasmic processes and an increase ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490380403
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan is a surface marker of oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs) in various species. In contrast to well-studied rat OPCs, however, we found that purified mouse NG2 surface positive cells (NG2(+) cells) require additional activation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling for survival in a m...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22262
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the expression and distribution of the extracellular matrix molecule tenascin-C in and around lesions of the thoracic dorsal columns in adult rats 3 days to 8 weeks after injury, using in situ hybridization, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy. Numerous tenascin-C mRN...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Our aim has been to investigate the ability of the rat brain to retain its level of neurotransmitter release over life. We have investigated the neurotransmitter release from the rat brain synaptosomes prelabeled with 3H-DA, 3H-NA, or 3H-5HT, and perfused with Krebs-Ringer medium alone (basal release) or containing a ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490340314
更新日期:1993-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The brainstem nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is the key integrating relay in the central processing of sensory information from the thoracic and from most subdiaphragmatic viscera. Modulation of neuronal excitability and synaptic activity in the NTS by nicotinic agents can have potent effects on vital physiologic...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23436
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The remarkable quantities of myelin membrane produced by oligodendrocytes has led us to examine the mechanisms involved in the sorting and transport of proteins and lipids during myelinogenesis. Noting that it has been proposed that proteins destined for the apical surface of polarized epithelial cells co-cluster with...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490420316
更新日期:1995-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have used adult mouse superior cervical ganglia (SCG) to study the role of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase activity during axonal outgrowth in vitro. An initial peak in activity within the first hours of culture was followed by a substantially higher activity after 1 to 2 days, a time when axons were activel...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980515)52:4<453::AID-JNR
更新日期:1998-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Convergent lines of evidence have recently highlighted β3-adrenoreceptors (ARs) as a potentially critical target in the regulation of nervous and behavioral functions, including memory consolidation, anxiety, and depression. Nevertheless, the role of β3-ARs in the cerebellum has been never investigated. To address thi...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24712
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A frontal pole cDNA library from monkey (Macaca mulatta) brain was screened to identify mRNAs that are expressed more in frontal pole as compared to primary visual cortex. Three cDNA clones, whose greater expression was confirmed by Northern blot analysis, were identified as cytochrome oxidase (COX) subunits I, II, an...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490320313
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although both cytokines and chemokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of clinical and histological EAE, their interactions in vivo have not yet been clearly established. To address this issue, we evaluated expression of chemokines and receptors in the CNS of wild-type control and cytokine deficient mice at t...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10156
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse sciatic nerves were transected and 3 hr to 16 days later proximal segments were removed and homogenized. Supernatants of these segments or of normal sciatic nerves were added to Schwann cells maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) + 15% fetal calf serum (FCS). After 6 days, Schwann cells were so...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490370508
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contrary to widely held beliefs, the gene encoding proteolipid protein (PLP), the major structural protein of central nervous system myelin, is expressed in Schwann cells and their tumors. Proteolipid mRNA was identified in human acoustic neuromas and in rat and rabbit sciatic nerves using a human PLP cDNA as a probe....
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490180402
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Taurine, 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, is present at high concentrations in many invertebrate and vertebrate systems and has several biological functions. In addition, it has been related to a neuroprotective role against several diseases such as epilepsy. In the present work, we treated mice with taurine and examined i...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22192
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe an experimental model to produce closed traumatic injuries to the spinal cord of adult rats. This model uses an inflatable balloon that is introduced in the dorsal subdural space and moved to a location rostral to the laminectomy site. The spinal cord trauma can be graded by varying either the duration of ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490320409
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the following review, we address difficulties that have arisen when attempting to convert the myelin multilayers into vesicles. The emphasis is on CNS myelin of adult mammals although both central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelin are considered. The ability to prepare vesicle of myeli...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.490410202
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::High levels of the proto-oncogene product, pp60c-src, have been found in developing and adult neural tissues as well as in certain fully mature cells of the hematopoietic lineage, e.g., platelets and myelomonocytes. Adrenal medullary chromaffin cells exhibit characteristics of both types of cells, i.e., they are deriv...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490240107
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00