Scalable and efficient separation of hydrogen isotopes using graphene-based electrochemical pumping.

Abstract:

:Thousands of tons of isotopic mixtures are processed annually for heavy-water production and tritium decontamination. The existing technologies remain extremely energy intensive and require large capital investments. New approaches are needed to reduce the industry's footprint. Recently, micrometre-size crystals of graphene are shown to act as efficient sieves for hydrogen isotopes pumped through graphene electrochemically. Here we report a fully-scalable approach, using graphene obtained by chemical vapour deposition, which allows a proton-deuteron separation factor of around 8, despite cracks and imperfections. The energy consumption is projected to be orders of magnitude smaller with respect to existing technologies. A membrane based on 30 m2 of graphene, a readily accessible amount, could provide a heavy-water output comparable to that of modern plants. Even higher efficiency is expected for tritium separation. With no fundamental obstacles for scaling up, the technology's simplicity, efficiency and green credentials call for consideration by the nuclear and related industries.

journal_name

Nat Commun

journal_title

Nature communications

authors

Lozada-Hidalgo M,Zhang S,Hu S,Esfandiar A,Grigorieva IV,Geim AK

doi

10.1038/ncomms15215

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-05-09 00:00:00

pages

15215

issn

2041-1723

pii

ncomms15215

journal_volume

8

pub_type

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