Hypersensitive termination of the hypoxic response by a disordered protein switch.

abstract：:Large-scale studies of genomic variation could assist efforts to eliminate malaria. But there are scientific, ethical and practical challenges to carrying out such studies in developing countries, where the burden of disease is greatest. The Malaria Genomic Epidemiology Network (MalariaGEN) is now working to overcome ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Malaria Genomic Epidemiology Network.

更新日期：2008-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural composite materials are renowned for their mechanical strength and toughness: despite being highly mineralized, with the organic component constituting not more than a few per cent of the composite material, the fracture toughness exceeds that of single crystals of the pure mineral by two to three orders of ma...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kamat S,Su X,Ballarini R,Heuer AH

更新日期：2000-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Using visual information to guide behaviour requires storage in a temporary buffer, known as visual short-term memory (VSTM), that sustains attended information across saccades and other visual interruptions. There is growing debate on whether VSTM capacity is limited to a fixed number of objects or whether it is vari...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xu Y,Chun MM

更新日期：2006-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive oxygen species trigger cellular responses by activation of stress-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathways. Reversal of MAPK activation requires the transcriptional induction of specialized cysteine-based phosphatases that mediate MAPK dephosphorylation. Paradoxically, oxidative ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fox GC,Shafiq M,Briggs DC,Knowles PP,Collister M,Didmon MJ,Makrantoni V,Dickinson RJ,Hanrahan S,Totty N,Stark MJ,Keyse SM,McDonald NQ

更新日期：2007-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Infertility resulting from a severe defect in sperm production affects 2% of men worldwide. Of these men with azoospermia, the absence of sperm in semen, one in eight carry de novo deletions for a specific region of the Y chromosome. A candidate gene for the Y-chromosome azoospermia factor (AZF) has been identified an...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Eberhart CG,Maines JZ,Wasserman SA

更新日期：1996-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations or amplification of the MET proto-oncogene are involved in the pathogenesis of several tumours, which rely on the constitutive engagement of this pathway for their growth and survival. However, MET is expressed not only by cancer cells but also by tumour-associated stromal cells, although its precise role in...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Finisguerra V,Di Conza G,Di Matteo M,Serneels J,Costa S,Thompson AA,Wauters E,Walmsley S,Prenen H,Granot Z,Casazza A,Mazzone M

更新日期：2015-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Most of the 470-million-year history of plants on land belongs to bryophytes, pteridophytes and gymnosperms, which eventually yielded to the ecological dominance by angiosperms 90 Myr ago. Our knowledge of angiosperm phylogeny, particularly the branching order of the earliest lineages, has recently been increased by t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pryer KM,Schneider H,Smith AR,Cranfill R,Wolf PG,Hunt JS,Sipes SD

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular mechanisms of exon definition and back-splicing are fundamental unanswered questions in pre-mRNA splicing. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of the yeast spliceosomal E complex assembled on introns, providing a view of the earliest event in the splicing cycle that commits pre-mRNAs to sp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Li X,Liu S,Zhang L,Issaian A,Hill RC,Espinosa S,Shi S,Cui Y,Kappel K,Das R,Hansen KC,Zhou ZH,Zhao R

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Establishment and maintenance of proper architecture is essential for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function. Homotypic membrane fusion is required for ER biogenesis and maintenance, and has been shown to depend on GTP hydrolysis. Here we demonstrate that Drosophila Atlastin--the fly homologue of the mammalian GTPase atl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Orso G,Pendin D,Liu S,Tosetto J,Moss TJ,Faust JE,Micaroni M,Egorova A,Martinuzzi A,McNew JA,Daga A

更新日期：2009-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Large seasonal and hemispheric asymmetries in the martian climate system are generally ascribed to variations in solar heating associated with orbital eccentricity. As the orbital elements slowly change (over a period of >104 years), characteristics of the climate such as dustiness and the vigour of atmospheric circul...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Richardson MI,Wilson RJ

更新日期：2002-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In Dictyostelium discoideum, carbohydrate binding proteins (CBPs) or lectins have been implicated in the molecular basis of cellular cohesion. To determine the role of these CBPs, we have attempted to isolate structural gene mutants in which the CBPs have a defective affinity for carbohydrate ligands. We now report th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ray J,Shinnick T,Lerner R

更新日期：1979-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Eukaryotes and archaea use a protease called the proteasome that has an integral role in maintaining cellular function through the selective degradation of proteins. Proteolysis occurs in a barrel-shaped 20S core particle, which in Thermoplasma acidophilum is built from four stacked homoheptameric rings of subunits, α...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ruschak AM,Religa TL,Breuer S,Witt S,Kay LE

更新日期：2010-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The antigen CD10 (common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia antigen), which is the zinc metalloprotease, neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (also known as NEP or 'enkephalinase'), is expressed by acute lymphoblastic leukaemias, normal lymphoid progenitors, mature polymorphonuclear leukocytes and certain nonhaematopoietic cells. C...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shipp MA,Stefano GB,D'Adamio L,Switzer SN,Howard FD,Sinisterra J,Scharrer B,Reinherz EL

更新日期：1990-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecological and societal disruptions by modern climate change are critically determined by the time frame over which climates shift beyond historical analogues. Here we present a new index of the year when the projected mean climate of a given location moves to a state continuously outside the bounds of historical vari...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mora C,Frazier AG,Longman RJ,Dacks RS,Walton MM,Tong EJ,Sanchez JJ,Kaiser LR,Stender YO,Anderson JM,Ambrosino CM,Fernandez-Silva I,Giuseffi LM,Giambelluca TW

更新日期：2013-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:An extensive repertoire of modifications is known to underlie the versatile coding, structural and catalytic functions of RNA, but it remains largely uncharted territory. Although biochemical studies indicate that N(6)-methyladenosine (m(6)A) is the most prevalent internal modification in messenger RNA, an in-depth st...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dominissini D,Moshitch-Moshkovitz S,Schwartz S,Salmon-Divon M,Ungar L,Osenberg S,Cesarkas K,Jacob-Hirsch J,Amariglio N,Kupiec M,Sorek R,Rechavi G

更新日期：2012-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelial cells line the inner surface of blood vessels and act as the main barrier to the passage of cells and large molecules from the blood stream to the tissues. Recent interest in the part played by the endothelium in regulating vascular tone has focused on the synthesis and secretion of prostacyclin and an end...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lansman JB,Hallam TJ,Rink TJ

更新日期：1987-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The CD4 subset of cells displays helper/inducer activity and recognizes class II antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), while the CD8 subset recognizes class I MHC antigens and exhibits cytotoxic or suppressor function. Considerable functional as well as corresponding phenotypic heterogeneity exists w...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Morimoto C,Rudd CE,Letvin NL,Schlossman SF

更新日期：1987-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The site of action of the antispastic drug baclofen has long been considered to reside in the spinal cord although supraspinal effects have also been reported. This beta-chlorophenyl derivative of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) depresses both monosynaptic and polysynaptic transmission in the cord ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Price GW,Wilkin GP,Turnbull MJ,Bowery NG

更新日期：1984-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1994, two independent groups extracted DNA from several Pleistocene epoch mammoths and noted differences among individual specimens. Subsequently, DNA sequences have been published for a number of extinct species. However, such ancient DNA is often fragmented and damaged, and studies to date have typically focused ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Miller W,Drautz DI,Ratan A,Pusey B,Qi J,Lesk AM,Tomsho LP,Packard MD,Zhao F,Sher A,Tikhonov A,Raney B,Patterson N,Lindblad-Toh K,Lander ES,Knight JR,Irzyk GP,Fredrikson KM,Harkins TT,Sheridan S,Pringle T,Schuste

更新日期：2008-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are highly polymorphic cell-surface glycoproteins that present antigenic peptides to CD4+ T lymphocytes. The normal assembly of class II molecules with cognate peptides for antigen presentation requires an accessory function provided by a gene mapping to the cl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fling SP,Arp B,Pious D

更新日期：1994-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:High-temperature superconductivity is achieved by doping copper oxide insulators with charge carriers. The density of carriers in conducting materials can be determined from measurements of the Hall voltage--the voltage transverse to the flow of the electrical current that is proportional to an applied magnetic field....

journal_title：Nature

authors： Balakirev FF,Betts JB,Migliori A,Ono S,Ando Y,Boebinger GS

更新日期：2003-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Methane is an important greenhouse gas that is emitted from multiple natural and anthropogenic sources. Atmospheric methane concentrations have varied on a number of timescales in the past, but what has caused these variations is not always well understood. The different sources and sinks of methane have specific isot...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sapart CJ,Monteil G,Prokopiou M,van de Wal RS,Kaplan JO,Sperlich P,Krumhardt KM,van der Veen C,Houweling S,Krol MC,Blunier T,Sowers T,Martinerie P,Witrant E,Dahl-Jensen D,Röckmann T

更新日期：2012-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Although infection by HIV-1 has been implicated as the primary cause of AIDS and related disorders, cofactorial mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. For example, several viruses commonly detected in AIDS patients and capable of transactivating the long terminal repeat of HIV-1, such as herpes...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lusso P,Ensoli B,Markham PD,Ablashi DV,Salahuddin SZ,Tschachler E,Wong-Staal F,Gallo RC

更新日期：1989-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Most of the progress in human culture has required the exploitation of energy resources. About 100 years ago, the major source of energy shifted from recent solar to fossil hydrocarbons, including liquid and gaseous petroleum. Technology has generally led to a greater use of hydrocarbon fuels for most human activities...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hall C,Tharakan P,Hallock J,Cleveland C,Jefferson M

更新日期：2003-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Improvement in the clinical outcome of lung cancer is likely to be achieved by identification of the molecular events that underlie its pathogenesis. Here we show that a small inversion within chromosome 2p results in the formation of a fusion gene comprising portions of the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-l...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Soda M,Choi YL,Enomoto M,Takada S,Yamashita Y,Ishikawa S,Fujiwara S,Watanabe H,Kurashina K,Hatanaka H,Bando M,Ohno S,Ishikawa Y,Aburatani H,Niki T,Sohara Y,Sugiyama Y,Mano H

更新日期：2007-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum simulation--the use of one quantum system to simulate a less controllable one--may provide an understanding of the many quantum systems which cannot be modelled using classical computers. Considerable progress in control and manipulation has been achieved for various quantum systems, but one of the remaining c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wilson AC,Colombe Y,Brown KR,Knill E,Leibfried D,Wineland DJ

更新日期：2014-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Conrad et al. have generated human adult germline stem cells (haGSCs) from human testicular tissue, which they claim have similar pluripotent properties to human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Here we investigate the pluripotency of haGSCs by using global gene-expression analysis based on their gene array data and comp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ko K,Araúzo-Bravo MJ,Tapia N,Kim J,Lin Q,Bernemann C,Han DW,Gentile L,Reinhardt P,Greber B,Schneider RK,Kliesch S,Zenke M,Schöler HR

更新日期：2010-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Sex and recombination are widespread, but explaining these phenomena has been one of the most difficult problems in evolutionary biology. Recombination is advantageous when different individuals in a population carry different advantageous alleles. By bringing together advantageous alleles onto the same chromosome, re...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Keightley PD,Otto SP

更新日期：2006-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin stimulates glucose uptake in muscle and adipocytes by signalling the translocation of GLUT4 glucose transporters from intracellular membranes to the cell surface. The translocation of GLUT4 may involve signalling pathways that are both independent of and dependent on phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K). ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bose A,Guilherme A,Robida SI,Nicoloro SM,Zhou QL,Jiang ZY,Pomerleau DP,Czech MP

更新日期：2002-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the basis of genetic variation has opened inroads to understanding our history as a species. It has revealed the remarkable genetic similarity we share with other individuals as well as with our closest primate relatives. To understand what make us unique, both as individuals and as a species, we need...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pääbo S

更新日期：2003-01-23 00:00:00