Abstract:
:Whether the retinal process alone or retinal and cortical processes jointly determine afterimage (AI) formation has long been debated. Based on the retinal rebound responses, recent work proposes that afterimage signals are exclusively generated in the retina, although later modified by cortical mechanisms. We tested this notion with the method of "indirect proof". Each eye was presented with a 2-by-2 checkerboard of horizontal and vertical grating patches. Each corresponding patch of the two checkerboards was perpendicular to each other, which produces binocular rivalry, and can generate percepts ranging from complete interocular grouping to either monocular pattern. The monocular percepts became more frequent with higher contrast. Due to adaptation, the visual system is less sensitive during the AIs than during the inductions with AI-similar contrast. If the retina is the only origin of AIs, comparable contrast appearance would require stronger retinal signals in the AIs than in the inductions, thus leading to more frequent monocular percepts in the AIs than in the inductions. Surprisingly, subjects saw the fully coherent stripes significantly more often in AIs. Our results thus contradict the retinal generation notion, and suggest that in addition to the retina, cortex is directly involved in the generation of AI signals.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Dong B,Holm L,Bao Mdoi
10.1038/srep41101subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-23 00:00:00pages
41101issn
2045-2322pii
srep41101journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF) plays a crucial role in breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier due to hyperpermeability in diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the distinct signaling driven by VEGF and PlGF in the pathogenesis of DR remains unclear. In this study, we investi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51603-0
更新日期:2019-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::Myodural bridges have been described in various species as connective tissue structures "bridging" small cranio-cervical muscles to the dura. Myodural bridges are thought to stabilize the dural sac during head and neck movements and promote cerebrospinal fluid motion; however, their role in neurological diseases has n...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46444-w
更新日期:2019-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Fundamental life history processes of mycorrhizal fungi with inconspicuous fruiting bodies can be difficult to elucidate. In this study we investigated the species identities and life history of the orchid mycorrhizal Tulasnella fungi, which associate with the south eastern Australia orchid genus Chiloglottis. Tulasne...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-05855-3
更新日期:2017-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Deriving cell populations from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) for cell-based therapy is considered a promising strategy to achieve functional cells, yet its translation to clinical practice depends on achieving fully defined differentiated cells. In this work, we generated a miRNA-responsive lethal mRNA construct ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-50899-2
更新日期:2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::Large-offset oceanic detachment faults are a characteristic of slow- and ultraslow-spreading ridges, leading to the formation of oceanic core complexes (OCCs) that expose upper mantle and lower crustal rocks on the seafloor. The lithospheric extension accommodated by these structures is now recognized as a fundamental...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep02336
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) and related disorders feature cancer predisposition, neurodegeneration, and immunodeficiency resulting from failure to respond to DNA damage. Hypomorphic mutations in MRE11 cause an AT-like disorder (ATLD) with variable clinical presentation. We have sought to understand how diverse MRE11 mu...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28370-5
更新日期:2018-07-04 00:00:00
abstract::YPEL3 that induces cellular senescence in both normal and tumour cells of humans may show altered expression under the influence of incidental mutations. In this study, we proposed the first structure of Native YPEL3 protein and its five possible deleterious mutants-V40M, C61Y, G98R, G108S, and A131T and predicted the...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72333-8
更新日期:2020-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is an integral part of molecular biology. But handling massive number of large sequences is still a bottleneck for most of the state-of-the-art software tools. Knowledge driven algorithms utilizing features of input sequences, such as high similarity in case of DNA sequences, can help...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-42966-5
更新日期:2019-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Multifocal multiphoton microscopy (MMM) achieves fast imaging by simultaneously scanning multiple foci across different regions of specimen. The use of imaging detectors in MMM, such as CCD or CMOS, results in degradation of image signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) due to the scattering of emitted photons. SNR can be partly ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep05153
更新日期:2014-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::NiFe nanoparticles-decorated & N-doped graphene is introduced as an effective and stable non-precious electrocatalyst for ORR in the acid medium. Compared to conventional Pt/C electrodes under the same conditions, the proposed nanocatalyst shows closer onset potential and current density. Typically, the observed onset...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-22114-1
更新日期:2018-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory organs are thought to sample the environment rhythmically thereby providing periodic perceptual input. Whisking and sniffing are governed by oscillators which impose rhythms on the motor-control of sensory acquisition and consequently on sensory input. Saccadic eye movements are the main visual sampling mechan...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-00881-7
更新日期:2017-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Bone marrow and adipose tissue represent the two most commonly exploited sources of adult mesenchymal stem cells for musculoskeletal applications. Unfortunately the sampling of bone marrow and fat tissue is invasive and does not always lead to a sufficient number of cells. The present study describes a novel sampling ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-00803-7
更新日期:2017-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Growing evidence suggests that inflammation is involved in the progression of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) both in patients and in animal models. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Adalimumab, a monoclonal anti-TNFα antibody, on retinal degeneration in a murine model of human autosomal recessive RP, t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep11764
更新日期:2015-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method was employed to simulate the electric field distribution for noble metal (Au or Ag)/semiconductor (Ge or Si) substrates. The simulation showed that noble metal/Ge had stronger SERS enhancement than noble metal/Si, which was mainly attributed to the different dielectric c...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep04052
更新日期:2014-02-11 00:00:00
abstract::An antimicrobial peptide, nisin Z, was embedded within polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) composed of natural polysaccharides in order to explore the potential of forming a multilayer with antimicrobial properties. Using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FTIR), the formation of c...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-79702-3
更新日期:2021-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Currently little is known about structure-function mappings in the human subcortex. Here we present a large-scale automated meta-analysis on the literature to understand the structure-function mapping in the human subcortex. The results provide converging evidence into unique large scale structure-function mappings of...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-33796-y
更新日期:2018-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Artificial grasslands play a role in carbon storage on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The artificial grasslands exhibit decreased proportions of graminate and increased species richness with age. However, the effect of the graminate proportions and species richness on ecosystem C stocks in artificial grasslands have not...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep40307
更新日期:2017-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine (LLR) is an oral live attenuated vaccine first licensed in China in 2000. To date, > 60 million doses of LLR have been distributed to children. However, very little is known about faecal shedding of LLR in children. Therefore, faecal samples (n = 1,184) were collected from 114 children f...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19469-w
更新日期:2018-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Tendinopathy accounts for over 30% of primary care consultations and represents a growing healthcare challenge in an active and increasingly ageing population. Recognising critical cells involved in tendinopathy is essential in developing therapeutics to meet this challenge. Tendon cells are heterogenous and sparsely ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70786-5
更新日期:2020-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::The evolution of bone tissue quantity and quality in contact with the surface of orthopedic and dental implants is a strong determinant of the surgical outcome but remains difficult to be assessed quantitatively. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of a quantitative ultrasound (QUS) method to meas...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78806-0
更新日期:2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::LMNA gene encodes lamins A and C, two major components of the nuclear lamina, a network of intermediate filaments underlying the inner nuclear membrane. Most of LMNA mutations are associated with cardiac and/or skeletal muscles defects. Muscle laminopathies include Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy, Limb-Girdle Muscul...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-23918-x
更新日期:2018-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Iodinated contrast agent (ICA)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a frequent complication, which may lead to chronic kidney disease and increased mortality. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) of the retina is new tool delivering a rapid and noninvasive assessment...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44647-9
更新日期:2019-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to evaluate the prognostic value of platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A comprehensive literature search for relevant studies was performed in Web of science, Embase and Pubmed. A total of nine studies with 2017 patients were included in this meta-analysis, an...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1038/srep35378
更新日期:2016-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Mercury pollution in soil poses serious risks to human health through consumption of contaminated vegetables. We used a meta-analysis to examine the mercury enrichment ability of different vegetables and the main factors affecting mercury uptake. We drew the following conclusions. (1) Plants with a lower bioconcentrat...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19519-3
更新日期:2018-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to find an accurate method for the detection of extracapsular extension (ECE) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). A total of 102 patients with 109 PTC nodules were retrospectively enrolled. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) characteristics were evaluated. The diagnostic efficacy of quanti...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-01650-2
更新日期:2017-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::Graphene, a honeycomb lattice of carbon atoms ruled by tight-binding interaction, exhibits extraordinary electronic properties due to the presence of Dirac cones within its band structure. These intriguing singularities have naturally motivated the discovery of their classical analogues. In this work, we present a gen...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15335-3
更新日期:2017-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::The East Asian Summer Monsoon driven by temperature and moisture gradients between the Asian continent and the Pacific Ocean, leads to approximately 50% of the annual rainfall in the region across 20-40°N. Due to its increasing scientific and social importance, there have been several previous studies on identificatio...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-22266-0
更新日期:2018-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Intestinal epithelial cells continuously migrate and mature along crypt-villus axis (CVA), while the changes in energy metabolism during maturation are unclear in neonates. The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the energy metabolism in intestinal epithelial cells would be changed during maturatio...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep31917
更新日期:2016-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Knowing when, where, and how seizures are initiated in large-scale epileptic brain networks remains a widely unsolved problem. Seizure precursors - changes in brain dynamics predictive of an impending seizure - can now be identified well ahead of clinical manifestations, but either the seizure onset zone or remote bra...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47092-w
更新日期:2019-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-65025-w
更新日期:2020-05-27 00:00:00