Abstract：
:Modifications of cotton and polyester textiles due to shots fired at short range were analyzed with a variable pressure scanning electron microscope (VP-SEM). Different mechanisms of fiber rupture as a function of fiber type and shooting distance were detected, namely fusing, melting, scorching, and mechanical breakage. To estimate the firing distance, the approximately exponential decay of GSR coverage as a function of radial distance from the entrance hole was determined from image analysis, instead of relying on chemical analysis with EDX, which is problematic in the VP-SEM. A set of backscattered electron images, with sufficient magnification to discriminate micrometer wide GSR particles, was acquired at different radial distances from the entrance hole. The atomic number contrast between the GSR particles and the organic fibers allowed to find a robust procedure to segment the micrographs into binary images, in which the white pixel count was attributed to GSR coverage. The decrease of the white pixel count followed an exponential decay, and it was found that the reciprocal of the decay constant, obtained from the least-square fitting of the coverage data, showed a linear dependence on the shooting distance.
journal_name
Forensic Sci Intjournal_title
Forensic science internationalauthors
Hinrichs R,Frank PRO,Vasconcellos MAZdoi
10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.12.033subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-03-01 00:00:00pages
28-36eissn
0379-0738issn
1872-6283pii
S0379-0738(16)30565-5journal_volume
272pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Allele frequency distributions and population data for 12 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) included in the PowerPlex Y Systems (Promega) were obtained for a sample of 200 healthy unrelated males living in São Paulo State (Southeast of Brazil). A total of 192 haplotypes were identified, of which 184 were uniqu...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.12.018
更新日期：2008-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Allele and haplotype frequencies of 16 chromosome STR loci, 15 of them included in the Kit PowerPlex16 System from Promega were determined in a sample of unrelated males from the Açores Archipelago. All subjects were subjected to an interview in order to make sure that their ancestors belonged to the same island at le...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00203-7
更新日期：2002-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The persistence of fibres under outdoor conditions is seldom investigated. This research aimed to study simultaneously the influence of several factors (and their cross-interactions) on the persistence of fibres on static textile surfaces. In order to achieve this aim, a design of experiments was successfully implemen...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110593
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A minisatellite probe, MZ 1.3, detecting hypervariable fragment patterns was isolated from a human genomic library. A repetitive sequence of 27 bp length was identified which is contained in the probe approx. 40 times. The MZ 1.3 repeat shows variable homology of 53-73% to the repetitive sequence of the protein III ge...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(90)90252-t
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The amplification of the STR DYS391, using the primers described in the Genome Data Base (GDB: G00-365-251), shows not only an additional band to the Y-specific one in males with a size range of 26 bp less than those of DYS391 locus alleles, but also a polymorphic pattern in females in the same size range as the addit...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00171-7
更新日期：2000-07-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Synthetic cathinones constitute a major class of the new psychoactive substances (NPS) that have come to dominate recreational drug abuse in recent years. As synthetic cathinones are all chiral molecules, the use of chiral analysis to determine their enantiomeric ratios (ER) in seized drug samples can assist in the id...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110528
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are many techniques available for the recovery of fingermarks at scenes of crime including the possibility of taking casts of the marks. Casts can be advantageous in cases where other destructive recovery techniques might not be suitable, such as when recovering finger marks deposited on valued or immobile items...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.04.001
更新日期：2008-07-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The tongue was examined for the presence of haemorrhages in 264 medicolegal autopsy cases. The tongue was sectioned transversely and examined macroscopically and microscopically. Haemorrhages were found in marginal and/or central parts of the tongue in 104 cases. Among them, 28 cases showed haemorrhages in central par...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(82)90127-x
更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Identification in forensic anthropology and the definition of a biological profile in bioarchaeology are essential to each of those fields and use the same methodologies. Sex, age, stature and ancestry can be conclusive or dispensable, depending on the field. The Fordisc(®) 3.0 computer program was developed to aid in...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.03.011
更新日期：2011-05-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Decomposing human remains alter the environment through deposition of various compounds comprised of a variety of chemical constituents. Human remains detection (HRD) dogs are trained to indicate the odor of human remains. Residual odor from previously decomposing human remains may remain in the soil and on surfaces l...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.01.025
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The infliction of a bite is a four-dimensional space-time event that is ideally analyzed with three-dimensional (3-D) technology. Comparison of 2-D images (photographs) of a bitemark with a 3-D replica of a suspect's dentition is challenging. The authors present a technique that produces 3-D images of indented marks a...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.05.007
更新日期：2009-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Continuing instances of ethical misconduct and recent advances in the practice of forensic science, the latter reflected by increased growth and professionalism, along with heightening public scrutiny, require that the profession be clear, current, and forthright about its core values. A way of expressing these values...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(01)00645-4
更新日期：2002-02-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Fingerprint detection and Short Tandem Repeat (STR) typing are two approaches used for identification of individuals. The main goal of forensic laboratories is the development of a standardized protocol to obtain an STR profile from latent fingerprints, by typing the DNA transferred onto touched objects. The results o...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109905
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physical fit examinations have long played a critical role in forensic science, particularly in the trace evidence, toolmark, and questioned documents disciplines. Specifically, in trace evidence, physical fits arise in various instances such as separated pieces of duct tape, torn textile fragments, and fractured poly...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110349
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The assessment of sex is crucial to the establishment of a biological profile of an unidentified skeletal individual. The best methods currently available for the sexual diagnosis of human skeletal remains generally rely on the presence of well-preserved pelvic bones, which is not always the case. Postcranial elements...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.06.011
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The investigation of deaths due to the inhalation of volatile substances may be complicated by a lack of scene and autopsy findings. Mechanisms of death may not be determinable at autopsy, and there may be very few markers of inhalant abuse. A 21-year-old man is reported who died from the combined effects of methadone...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.10.008
更新日期：2007-09-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Illicit cocaine samples (156), seized on Rome's illegal market between January 1996 and June 1997, were examined. Both the purity of the cocaine and the presence of substances employed for dilution were determined for each sample. Adulterants were found in many of the street samples analysed. Lidocaine (average 14.7%)...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(98)00102-9
更新日期：1998-08-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Cocaine was the second most widely used drug in Europe in 2016, with 3.5 million consumers aged 15-64 years old. Adulterants are pharmacologically active substances developed for medical purposes, however, there is little knowledge about their influence in the human body when there is concomitant use with cocaine. The...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.03.005
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report about a fatal cytisine intoxication in a 20-year-old man who, according to his mother, had drunken tea prepared from plant material of Laburnum anagyroides with the toxic pyridine-like alkaloid as ingredient, which exhibits pharmacological effects similar to nicotine. Using a liquid chromatographic-mass spec...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.01.011
更新日期：2009-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The dead body of a 44-year-old woman, previously known for depression and alcoholism, has been discovered at her place of residence by her husband. A forensic autopsy has been carried out. The results indicated unspecific histological lesions (alveolar oedema, liver steatosis and interstitial nephritis) but did not re...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.03.003
更新日期：2008-07-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of the study is to better understand how blunt projectile ballistic parameters and material properties influence the events leading to injuries. The present work focuses on lateral thoracic impacts and follows an experimental approach. The projectiles are made with a soft foam nose assembled with a rigid...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.04.004
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 4977-bp deletion in human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is known to accumulate in various tissues with age. Since this deletion in mtDNA correlates closest with age in muscle tissue, iliopsoas muscle tissue was taken at autopsy from 50 persons aged 24-97 years to determine whether age at death can be estimated based o...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00126-7
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The determination of sex is considered one of the first essential steps in positive identification. The current study aspires to accomplish a threefold purpose: to develop an easy and rapid sex determination technique using digital radiographs from the proximal epiphysis of the femur, to develop a simplified tool for ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.04.014
更新日期：2009-08-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last decades, the importance of technical and scientific evidence for the criminal justice system has been steadily increasing. Unfortunately, the weight of forensic evidence is not always easy for the trier of fact to assess, as appears from a brief discussion of some recent cases in which the weight of expe...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.11.028
更新日期：2006-06-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past ten years, there has been a significant increase in the amount of formulations containing anabolic androgenic steroids apprehended worldwide. A considerable amount of these illicit preparations is falsified imposing a series of challenges for the analytical identification of alleged active ingredients du...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.12.022
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Population studies were carried out on the Y-specific short tandem repeat (STR) systems DYS19, DYS389I + II, DYS390 and DYS393 in a Western German population sample. Determination of the allele frequencies revealed for all these systems, unimodal distribution. The number of observed alleles varied: five for DYS19, six...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00029-8
更新日期：1999-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：:A method has been developed on reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of methyl, ethyl and isopropyl alcohols under refractive index detection using pure water as the mobile phase. A good separation has been achieved between these alcohols. Detector response was linear with...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(91)90156-d
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bullet embolism is a well known but a relatively rare phenomenon in common medicolegal autopsy practice. We present a homicide case of a bullet embolism to the left popliteal artery with interesting trajectory of projectile through the chest wall and right heart ventricle into the aortic lumen. Since in our presented ...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2003.09.014
更新日期：2004-01-06 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was undertaken for the purpose of analysing under the aspect of legal medicine, fatal accidents due to train surfing in the local transport system of Berlin (S-Bahn and underground). The period of investigation was from 1989 through 1995, with 41 train surfing accidents, among them 18 with fatal outcome. Ev...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(98)00064-4
更新日期：1998-06-08 00:00:00
abstract：:We extracted the DNA contained in samples of bones and teeth from 10 skeletons excavated from the Gravette site (400-1000 AD, south of France). Ancient DNA was analysed by autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs). The DNA present in these ancient remains appeared very degraded, but nevertheless, better conserved in tooth...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.07.001
更新日期：2005-06-30 00:00:00
