Abstract：
:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) places a considerable burden on society. A substantial number of pediatric and adult CAP cases are due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, but fortunately there are effective vaccines available that have a significant impact on CAP-related medical, social, and economic problems. The main aim of this paper is to evaluate the published evidence concerning the impact of pneumococcal vaccines on the prevention of CAP in children and adults. Available data indicate that pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are effective in children, reducing all-cause CAP cases and bacteremic and nonbacteremic CAP cases. Moreover, at least for PCV7 and PCV13, vaccination of children is effective in reducing the incidence of CAP among adults. Recently use of PCV13 in adults alone or in combination with the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine has been suggested and further studies can better define its effectiveness in this group of subjects. The only relevant problem for PCV13 is the risk of a second replacement phenomenon, which might significantly reduce its real efficacy in clinical practice. Protein-based pneumococcal vaccines might be a possible solution to this problem.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Principi N,Esposito Sdoi
10.3390/ijms18010030subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-12-25 00:00:00issue
1issn
1422-0067pii
ijms18010030journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A spontaneous mutation in the lysosomal acid phosphatase (Acp2) enzyme (nax: naked-ataxia) in experimental mice results in delayed hair appearance and severe cytoarchitectural impairments of the cerebellum, such as a Purkinje cell (PC) migration defect. In our previous investigation, our team showed that Acp2 expressi...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21082914
更新日期：2020-04-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The normal bone regeneration process is a complex and coordinated series of events involving different cell types and molecules. However, this process is impaired in critical-size/large bone defects, with non-unions or delayed unions remaining a major clinical problem. Novel strategies are needed to aid the current th...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20143430
更新日期：2019-07-12 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, drug nanocarriers were designed using linear copolymers with different contents of cholinium-based ionic liquid units, i.e., [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (TMAMA/Cl: 25, 50, and 75 mol%). The amphiphilicity of the copolymers was evaluated on the basis of their critical micelle con...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms22010284
更新日期：2020-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite recent progresses in its treatment, malignant cutaneous melanoma remains a cancer with very poor prognosis. Emerging evidences suggest that the receptor for advance glycation end products (RAGE) plays a key role in melanoma progression through its activation in both cancer and stromal cells. In tumors, RAGE ac...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21238989
更新日期：2020-11-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Specific labelling of target cell surfaces using antibody-conjugated paramagnetic nanobeads is essential for efficient magnetic cell separation. However, studies examining parameters determining the kinetics of bead-cell binding are scarce. The present study determines the binding rates for specific and unspecific bin...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms15058821
更新日期：2014-05-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Two-component systems (TCS) in plants have evolved into a more complicated multi-step phosphorelay (MSP) pathway, which employs histidine kinases (HKs), histidine-containing phosphotransfer proteins (HPts), and response regulators (RRs) to regulate various aspects of plant growth and development. How plants perceive t...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2020-07-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Ss) is a devastating fungal pathogen that causes Sclerotinia stem rot in rapeseed (Brassica napus), and is also detrimental to mulberry and many other crops. A wild mulberry germplasm, Morus laevigata, showed high resistance to Ss, but the molecular basis for the resistance is largely unknown...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21218358
更新日期：2020-11-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity causes a significant negative impact on health of human beings world-wide. The main reason for weight gain, which eventually leads to obesity, is excessive ingestion of energy above the body's homeostatic needs. Therefore, the elucidation of detailed mechanisms for appetite control is necessary to prevent and ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17071081
更新日期：2016-07-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of cheaper and recyclable biomaterials (like eggshells) to synthesize high purity hydroxyapatite (HAp) with better properties (small particle size, large surface area and pore volume) for applications (in environmental remediation, bone augmentation and replacement, and drug delivery systems) is vital since hi...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms16047960
更新日期：2015-04-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The wide employment of iron nanoparticles in environmental and occupational settings underlines their potential to enter the brain. Human cell-based systems are recommended as relevant models to reduce uncertainty and to improve prediction of human toxicity. This study aimed at demonstrating the in vitro differentiati...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21010271
更新日期：2019-12-31 00:00:00
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journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms11052200
更新日期：2010-05-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantification of gene expression is crucial to connect genome sequences with phenotypic and physiological data. RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) has taken a prominent role in the study of transcriptomic reactions of plants to various environmental and genetic perturbations. However, comparative tests of different tools for R...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21051720
更新日期：2020-03-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are serine/threonine kinases whose catalytic activities are regulated by interactions with cyclins and CDK inhibitors (CKIs). CDKs are key regulatory enzymes involved in cell proliferation through regulating cell-cycle checkpoints and transcriptional events in response to extracellular ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21061960
更新日期：2020-03-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the European Union (EU) announced their animal testing ban in 2013, all animal experiments related to cosmetics have been prohibited, creating a demand for alternatives to animal experiments for skin studies. Here, we investigated whether an ex vivo live porcine skin model can be employed to study the safety and...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms22020657
更新日期：2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Macroautophagy, hereafter referred to as autophagy, is a bulk degradation process performed by lysosomes in which aggregated and altered proteins as well as dysfunctional organelles are decomposed. Autophagy is a basic cellular process that maintains homeostasis and is crucial for postmitotic neurons. Thus, impaired a...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms161125990
更新日期：2015-11-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances in the field of RNA research have provided compelling evidence implicating microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA molecules in many diverse and substantial biological processes, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, genomic imprinting, and modulation of pro...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms13010840
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There have been tens of thousands of RNAs deposited in different databases that contain sequences of two genes and are coined chimeric RNAs, or chimeras. However, "chimeric RNA" has never been lucidly defined, partly because "gene" itself is still ill-defined and because the means of production for many RNAs is unclea...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18040714
更新日期：2017-03-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause diseases such as pneumonia. Broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy for Streptococcus pneumoniae is increasingly limited due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains. The development of novel drugs is still currently of focus. Abundant polyphenols have been demonstrated to have antivirus...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21031003
更新日期：2020-02-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies, including ours, have shown that pro-oxidative stressors, such as chemotherapeutic agents, generate oxidized lipids with agonistic platelet-activating factor (PAF) activity. Importantly, recent reports have implicated that these PAF-agonists are transported extracellularly via microvesicle particles (MVPs). Wh...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20010032
更新日期：2018-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2) and cell division cycle 25C (CDC25C) are two proteins involved in the DNA damage response pathway, playing essential roles in maintaining genome integrity. As one of the major hallmarks of abnormal cellular division, genomic instability occurs in most cancers. In this study, we identified th...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17111803
更新日期：2016-10-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Increasing evidence implicates mitochondrial dysfunction in the etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are considered a possible cause and this mechanism might be shared with the aging process and with other age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). We...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21051758
更新日期：2020-03-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Along with cancer, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases remain by far the most common causes of death. Heart attacks and strokes are diseases in which platelets play a role, through activation on ruptured plaques and subsequent thrombus formation. Most platelet agonists activate platelets via G protein-coupled ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to determine the effect of different gelation temperatures (80 °C and 90 °C) on the structural arrangements in 1,3-β-d-glucan (curdlan) matrices, spectroscopic and microscopic approaches were chosen. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy are wel...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21176154
更新日期：2020-08-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses threatening plant growth and agricultural productivity worldwide. In green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, physiological evidence indicates that saline stress increases intracellular peroxide levels and inhibits photosynthetic-electron flow. However, understanding...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19113359
更新日期：2018-10-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Derivatives of 3,4-hydroxypyridinones have been extensively studied for in vivo Fe3+ sequestration. Deferiprone, a 1,2-dimethyl-3,4-hydroxypyridinone, is now routinely used for clinical treatment of iron overload disease. Hexadentate tris(3,4-hydroxypyridinone) ligands (THP) complex Fe3+ at very low iron concentration...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18010116
更新日期：2017-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Growing interest and recent evidence have identified long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) as the potential regulatory elements for eukaryotes. LncRNAs can activate various transcriptional and post-transcriptional events that impact cellular functions though multiple regulatory functions. Recently, a large number of lncRNAs ha...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21082659
更新日期：2020-04-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Pepper originated from the Capsicum genus, which is recognized as one of the most predominant and globally distributed genera of the Solanaceae family. It is a diverse genus, consisting of more than 31 different species including five domesticated species, Capsicum baccatum, C. annuum, C. pubescen, C. frutescens, and ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21155179
更新日期：2020-07-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Lead and lead-derived compounds have been extensively utilized in industry, and their chronic toxicity towards aquatic animals has not been thoroughly addressed at a behavioral level. In this study, we assessed the risk of exposure to lead at a waterborne environmental concentration in adult zebrafish by behavioral an...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
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doi：10.3390/ijms21051844
更新日期：2020-03-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Aquaporins (AQPs) play a pivotal role in gut homeostasis since their distribution and function is modulated both in physiological and in pathophysiological conditions. The transport of water and solutes through gut epithelia is essential for osmoregulation and digestive and absorptive functions. This passage is regula...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17081213
更新日期：2016-07-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Citalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and although widely used as an antidepressant, this drug has also demonstrated interesting repairing properties leading to motor recovery and pathology amelioration in animal models of stroke and degeneration. Here, we tested the efficacy of both 7-day and 8-week...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21145062
更新日期：2020-07-17 00:00:00
