Abstract：
:The normal bone regeneration process is a complex and coordinated series of events involving different cell types and molecules. However, this process is impaired in critical-size/large bone defects, with non-unions or delayed unions remaining a major clinical problem. Novel strategies are needed to aid the current therapeutic approaches. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are able to promote bone regeneration. Their beneficial effects can be improved by modulating the expression levels of specific genes with the purpose of stimulating MSC proliferation, osteogenic differentiation or their immunomodulatory capacity. In this context, the genetic engineering of MSCs is expected to further enhance their pro-regenerative properties and accelerate bone healing. Herein, we review the most promising molecular candidates (protein-coding and non-coding transcripts) and discuss the different methodologies to engineer and deliver MSCs, mainly focusing on in vivo animal studies. Considering the potential of the MSC secretome for bone repair, this topic has also been addressed. Furthermore, the promising results of clinical studies using MSC for bone regeneration are discussed. Finally, we debate the advantages and limitations of using MSCs, or genetically-engineered MSCs, and their potential as promoters of bone fracture regeneration/repair.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Freitas J,Santos SG,Gonçalves RM,Teixeira JH,Barbosa MA,Almeida MIdoi
10.3390/ijms20143430subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-07-12 00:00:00issue
14issn
1422-0067pii
ijms20143430journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The concept of "Sweet Immunity" postulates that sugar metabolism and signaling influence plant immune networks. In this study, we tested the potential of commercially available inulin-type fructans to limit disease symptoms caused by Botrytis cinerea in lettuce. Spraying mature lettuce leaves, with inulin-type fructan...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20051052
更新日期：2019-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a potent endogenous inhibitor of both physiological and pathological angiogenesis, widely studied as a target in drug development for treating cancer. Several studies performed in the cardiovascular field on TSP-1 are contradictory, the role of TSP-1 in the physiopathology of cardiovascular...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18020348
更新日期：2017-02-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last decades a renewed interest in n-3 very long polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), derived mainly from fish oils in the human diet, has been observed because of their potential effects against cancer diseases, including breast carcinoma. These n-3 PUFAs mainly consist of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and doc...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21072279
更新日期：2020-03-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Myostatin is a negative regulator of muscle cell growth and proliferation. Furthermore, myostatin directly affects the expression of 14q32 microRNAs by binding the 14q32 locus. Direct inhibition of 14q32 microRNA miR-495-3p decreased postinterventional restenosis via inhibition of both vascular smooth muscle cell (VSM...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21103508
更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrogen nuclear receptors, represented by the canonical forms ERα66 and ERβ1, are the main mediators of the estrogen-dependent pathophysiology in mammals. However, numerous isoforms have been identified, stimulating unconventional estrogen response pathways leading to complex cellular and tissue responses. The estrog...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21114116
更新日期：2020-06-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of phytohormones, which regulate various processes during plant life cycle. Intensive studies conducted with genetic, physiological and molecular approaches allowed identification of various components participating in the BR signaling-from the ligand perception, through cytoplasmic ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19092675
更新日期：2018-09-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycobacterium immunogenum, a newly identified member of the Mycobacterium chelonae_M. abscessus complex is considered a potential etiological agent for hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in machine workers exposed to contaminated metalworking fluid (MWF). This study investigated the biocidal efficacy of the frequently ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms12010725
更新日期：2011-01-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Mathematical models are key to systems biology where they typically describe the topology and dynamics of biological networks, listing biochemical entities and their relationships with one another. Some (hyper)thermophilic Archaea contain an enzyme, called non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18040876
更新日期：2017-04-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) places a considerable burden on society. A substantial number of pediatric and adult CAP cases are due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, but fortunately there are effective vaccines available that have a significant impact on CAP-related medical, social, and economic problems. The main ai...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18010030
更新日期：2016-12-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a US FDA-approved hydrophilic bile acid for the treatment of chronic cholestatic liver disease. In the present study, we investigate the effects of TUDCA on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and its therapeutic effect on a mice model of osteoporosis. Following tr...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21124274
更新日期：2020-06-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The insulin signaling (IIS) pathway plays an important role in the metabolism, growth, development, reproduction, and longevity of an organism. As a key member of the IIS pathway, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are widely distributed a family in invertebrates and vertebrates that are critical in ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms22031056
更新日期：2021-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:An acylated flavonol glycoside, helichrysoside, at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day per os for 14 days, improved the glucose tolerance in mice without affecting the food intake, visceral fat weight, liver weight, and other plasma parameters. In this study, using hepatoblastoma-derived HepG2 cells, helichrysoside, trans-tilirosi...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20246322
更新日期：2019-12-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Elderly and patients affected by chronic diseases face a high risk of muscle loss and impaired physical function. Omega 3 fatty acids (FA) attenuate inflammation and age-associated muscle loss, prevent systemic insulin resistance and improve plasma lipids, potentially impacting on sarcopenia. This paper aims to review...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19010218
更新日期：2018-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer is regarded worldwide as a severe human disease. Various genetic variations, including hereditary and somatic mutations, contribute to the initiation and progression of this disease. The diagnostic parameters of breast cancer are not limited to the conventional protein content and can include newly disco...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20174269
更新日期：2019-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：:In this work, we studied the antimicrobial properties of a nanocomposite system based on a lactose-substituted chitosan and silver nanoparticles: Chitlac-nAg. Twofold serial dilutions of the colloidal Chitlac-nAg solution were both tested on Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, and Streptococcus oralis planktoni...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms140713615
更新日期：2013-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:We have recently found that diabetes-induced premature senescence of retinal endothelial cells is accompanied by NOX2-NADPH oxidase-induced increases in the ureohydrolase enzyme arginase 1 (A1). Here, we used genetic strategies to determine the specific involvement of A1 in diabetes-induced endothelial cell senescence...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19041215
更新日期：2018-04-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) domain containing proteins (CDCPs) constitute a big family in plants and some members in this family have been implicated in a variety of biological processes, but the precise functions and the underlying mechanism of the majority of this family in plant immunity remain to be elucidated....
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms160715903
更新日期：2015-07-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Alternative splicing plays an important role in numerous cellular processes and aberrant splice decisions are associated with cancer. Although some studies point to a regulation of alternative splicing and its effector mechanisms in a time-dependent manner, the extent and consequences of such a regulation remains poor...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20051182
更新日期：2019-03-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Enzymes found in nature have been exploited in industry due to their inherent catalytic properties in complex chemical processes under mild experimental and environmental conditions. The desired industrial goal is often difficult to achieve using the native form of the enzyme. Recent developments in protein engineeri...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms14011232
更新日期：2013-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Seed storability, defined as the ability to remain alive during storage, is an important agronomic and physiological characteristic, but the underlying genetic mechanism remains largely unclear. Here, we report quantitative trait loci (QTLs) analyses for seed storability using a high-density single nucleotide polymorp...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20184442
更新日期：2019-09-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFβ3) promotes tenogenic differentiation and may enhance tendon regeneration in vivo. This study aimed to apply TGFβ3 absorbed in decellularized equine superficial digital flexor tendon scaffolds, and to investigate the bioactivity of scaffold-associated TGFβ3 in an in vitro model. ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20215474
更新日期：2019-11-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The specific rates of solvolysis of neopentyl chloroformate (1) have been determined in 21 pure and binary solvents at 45.0 °C. In most solvents the values are essentially identical to those for ethyl and n-propyl chloroformates. However, in aqueous-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol mixtures (HFIP) rich in fluoroalcoh...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms12021161
更新日期：2011-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Sema3C protein, a member of the class 3 family of secreted semaphorins, play an important role in tumor development by regulating cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis processes. Depending on the type and malignancy grade of the tumor, Sema3C function remains controversial. In this study, we constr...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20225672
更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The progressive decline of the nervous system, including protein aggregate formation, reflects the subtle dysregulation of multiple functional pathways. Our previous work has shown intermittent fasting (IF) enhances longevity, maintains adult behaviors and reduces aggregates, in part, by promoting autophagic function ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19041140
更新日期：2018-04-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The current interest of the scientific community for research in the field of calcium sensing in general and on the calcium-sensing Receptor (CaR) in particular is demonstrated by the still increasing number of papers published on this topic. The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor is the best-known G-protein-coupl...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19040999
更新日期：2018-03-27 00:00:00
abstract：:MnTE-2-PyP, a superoxide dismutase mimetic, inhibited OVA-induced airway inflammation in mice suggesting an effect on Th2 responsiveness. Thus, we hypothesized that MnTE-2-PyP may alter dendritic cell-Th2 interactions. Bone marrow derived dendritic cells (DC) and OVA(323-339)-specific Th2 cells were cultured separatel...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms13089785
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drought stress is a major obstacle to agriculture. Although many studies have reported on plant drought tolerance achieved via genetic modification, application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to achieve tolerance has rarely been studied. In this study, the ability of three isolates, including Bacillus ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20246271
更新日期：2019-12-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis that occurs in an aged population. It affects any joints in the body and degenerates the articular cartilage and the subchondral bone. Despite the pathophysiology of OA being different, cartilage resorption is still a symbol of osteoarthritis. Matrix metalloprot...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21144931
更新日期：2020-07-13 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years it has become apparent that aminoacyl-tRNAs are not only crucial components involved in protein biosynthesis, but are also used as substrates and amino acid donors in a variety of other important cellular processes, ranging from bacterial cell wall biosynthesis and lipid modification to protein turnove...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms150814610
更新日期：2014-08-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypoxia is a common environmental stress factor and is associated with fibrogenesis. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), produced by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), plays an important role in liver fibrogenesis. However, inconsistent results have been reported on the impact of hypoxia on MMP-2 expression and activity i...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms12042434
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
