Abstract:
:Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. It is known that males and females respond differently to stroke. Depending on age, the incidence, prevalence, mortality rate, and disability outcome of stroke differ between the sexes. Females generally have strokes at older ages than males and, therefore, have a worse stroke outcome. There are also major differences in how the sexes respond to stroke at the cellular level. Immune response is a critical factor in determining the progress of neurodegeneration after stroke and is fundamentally different for males and females. Additionally, females respond to stroke therapies differently from males, yet they are often left out of the basic research that is focused on developing those therapies. With a resounding failure to translate stroke therapies from the bench to the bedside, it is clearer than ever that inclusion of both sexes in stroke studies is essential for future clinical success. This Mini-Review examines sex differences in the immune response to experimental stroke and its implications for therapy development. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Dotson AL,Offner Hdoi
10.1002/jnr.23784subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-02 00:00:00pages
437-446issue
1-2eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
95pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) is induced by cerebral ischemia and injurious blood components acutely after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We hypothesized that inhibition of JNK will prevent damage to the neurovascular unit in the early brain injury period after SAH. Ninety-nine male SD rats (300-350 g) were random...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21281
更新日期:2007-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Axonal injury is often characterized by axonal transport defects and abnormal accumulation of intra-axonal components. Nitric oxide (NO) has a key role in mediating inflammatory axonopathy in many neurodegenerative diseases, but little is known about how nitrosative/oxidative stress affects axonal transport or whether...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23556
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have proposed that lactate is a "volume transmitter" in the brain and underpinned this by showing that the lactate receptor, G-protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81, also known as HCA1 or HCAR1), which promotes lipid storage in adipocytes, is also active in the mammalian brain. This includes the cerebral neocortex and...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.23593
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cathepsin D-like activity in homogenates of five brain areas of 3-month-old and 24-month-old Fischer 344 rats was measured. With hemoglobin as substrate at pH 3.2, more than 90% of the activity was inhibited by pepstatin. In each area studied, activity was more than twice as high in the old rat brain: 140-160% higher ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490230412
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A growing body of evidence suggests that neurotrophins (NTs) play a critical role in synaptic plasticity and other activity dependent processes in the CNS. Release of these growth factors by neurons and neuroendocrine cells was recently shown to occur via the regulated secretory pathway, representing a possible mechan...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980215)51:4<463::AID-JNR
更新日期:1998-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan is a surface marker of oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs) in various species. In contrast to well-studied rat OPCs, however, we found that purified mouse NG2 surface positive cells (NG2(+) cells) require additional activation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling for survival in a m...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22262
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a number of pathological states of the brain, the activation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays a major role. Interleukin (IL)-1beta is believed to be an essential factor in the induction of iNOS. However, little is known about the cascade of events culminating in iNOS expression in vivo. To identi...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Grafting fetal ventral mesencephalon has been utilized to alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. One obstacle in using this approach is the limited outgrowth from the transplanted dopamine neurons. Thus, it is important to evaluate factors that promote outgrowth from fetal dopamine neurons. Proteoglycans (PGs)...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21465
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oligodendrocytes generate and maintain myelin, which is essential for axonal function and protection of the mammalian central nervous system. To advance our molecular understanding of differentiation by these cells, we screened libraries of pharmacologically active compounds and identified inducers of differentiation ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.22434
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gap junctions (GJs) are widely distributed in brains across the animal kingdom. To visualize the GJ- coupled networks of two major mechanosensory neurons in the ganglia of medicinal leeches, we injected these cells with the GJ-permeable tracer Neurobiotin. When diffusion time was limited to only 30 min, tracer couplin...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24599
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultures of dissociated hypothalamic cells taken from rat fetuses of 19 days of gestation were studied using time-lapse recording and sequential microphotography from 1 to 5 days in vitro (DIV) and at 7 and 21 DIV. Cultures were seeded with cells taken from fetuses grouped by sex or sexually mixed; experimental cultur...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490330210
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chemokines, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1) and its subunit MIP-1 beta, induce an intense fever in the rat when they are injected directly into the anterior hypothalamic, pre-optic area (AH/POA), a region containing thermosensitive neurons. The purpose of this study was to compare the central action on b...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490390105
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic lead exposure during development is known to produce learning deficits. In the present study, we investigated the effects of developmental exposure to lead on spatial memory, as shown in the Morris water maze, and on expression of inducible cyclooxygenase-2 protein in the hippocampi of male rats. Rats were sep...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21423
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain injury and neuroinflammation are pathophysiologic contributors to acute and chronic neurologic disorders, which are progressive diseases not fully understood. Mammalian metallothioneins I and II (MT-I&II) have significant neuroprotective functions, but the precise mechanisms underlying these effects are still un...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20790
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurofibromatosis type 2 is a hereditary cancer syndrome characterized by the development of bilateral vestibular schwannomas. Underlying the disease are inactivating mutations of the NF2 tumor suppressor gene, located on chromosome 22, encoding a 595-amino-acid protein. The NF2 protein, also known as merlin or schwan...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-4547(20001215)62:6<764::AID-JNR2>3.0.
更新日期:2000-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Quercetin, a strong free radical scavenger, is investigated for neuroprotective effects in a Neuro 2a cell line conditionally transfected with 16Q huntingtin (Htt) and 150Q Htt, which express the protein upon stimulation. Cells were protected from death by a 20-µM dose of quercetin on the second day of Htt induction, ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23618
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of progesterone following brain injury has a controversial history. On one hand, some lab-based models have showed progesterone as being neuroprotective, but on the other, clinical trials have showed quite the opposite. One of many complaints that arose from this discrepancy was the lack of a diverse pool of a...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24060
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although alterations in adenylate cyclase (AC) activity and somatostatin (SRIF) receptor density have been reported in Alzheimer's disease, the effects of amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) on these parameters in the hippocampus are unknown. Our aim was to investigate whether the peptide fragment Abeta(25-35) can affect the...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.21115
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal degeneration has been shown to be involved in various neurological disorders. Growth/trophic factors and their receptors are known to be important for the regeneration and survival of neurons. We report here the molecular cloning of a receptor-like protein tyrosine kinase, bsk, (for brain specific kinase). Bs...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490370117
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously, we have demonstrated a novel interaction between Galpha(o) protein and Purkinje cell protein-2 (Pcp2, also known as L7) in vitro and in transfected cells (Luo and Denker [1999] J. Biol. Chem. 274:10685-10688). Pcp2 is uniquely expressed in cerebellar Purkinje cells and in retinal bipolar neurons, and it ma...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.10460
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In our in vitro model, rasagiline a selective irreversible monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitor, protected nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 cells from cell death under oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). The severity of the OGD insult, as expressed by cell death, was time-dependent. Exposure of the cel...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently reported that a new monoclonal antibody, 4F2, which labels oligodendroglial lineage cells, recognizes a DEAD-box RNA helicase Ddx54 and that Ddx54 binds to myelin basic protein (MBP) in brain and cultured oligodendrocytes. To elucidate the biological function of Ddx54, we generated a recombinant adenovirus...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23162
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a common occurrence in preterm and low-birth-weight infants, and the incidence of low-birth-weight and preterm births is increasing. Characterization of brain injury after HI is of critical importance in developing new treatments that more accurately target the injury. After severe HI...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23224
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain edema accounts for significant morbidity and mortality in many neurologic conditions such as head trauma, stroke, meningitis, and brain tumor. The water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) has been found to be an important determinant of brain water accumulation and clearance of excess brain water. We report the developm...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20439
更新日期:2005-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous study demonstrated that 2-phenylethynyl-butyltellurium (PEBT), an organotellurium compound, enhances memory in mice. In this study, the effects of PEBT on cognitive impairment induced by Aβ25-35 were assessed by Morris water maze and step-down inhibitory avoidance tasks. Mice received a single intracerebr...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23211
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Raf kinases are downstream effectors of Ras and upstream activators of the MEK-ERK cascade. Ras and MEK-ERK signaling play roles in learning and memory (L&M) and neural plasticity, but the roles of Raf kinases in L&M and plasticity are unclear. Among Raf isoforms, B-raf is preferentially expressed in the brain. To det...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.20703
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The remarkable quantities of myelin membrane produced by oligodendrocytes has led us to examine the mechanisms involved in the sorting and transport of proteins and lipids during myelinogenesis. Noting that it has been proposed that proteins destined for the apical surface of polarized epithelial cells co-cluster with...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.490420316
更新日期:1995-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Currently antidepressants take several weeks to be effective, which is one of the main reasons why patients with depression quit therapy. In the present study, we examine the acute and subacute effects of soluble epoxide hydolase (sEH) inhibitor (sEHI), a compound shown to have antidepressant effects, on mice. We foun...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.24080
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noise exposure is one of the most common causes of hearing loss. Recent studies found that noise exposure-induced cochlear damage may change the excitability and tonotopic organization of the central auditory system (CAS). This plasticity was suspected to be related to tinnitus and hyperacusis. However, how cochlear d...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jnr.23152
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We here reconsider current theories of neural ensembles in the context of recent discoveries about neuronal dendritic physiology. The key physiological observation is that the dendritic plateau potential produces sustained depolarization of the cell body (amplitude 10-20 mV, duration 200-500 ms). Our central hypothesi...
journal_title:Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jnr.24240
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00