Abstract:
:Brain edema accounts for significant morbidity and mortality in many neurologic conditions such as head trauma, stroke, meningitis, and brain tumor. The water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) has been found to be an important determinant of brain water accumulation and clearance of excess brain water. We report the development of a noninvasive near-infrared (NIR) light-scattering method to compare the early kinetics of brain swelling in normal and AQP4-deficient mice. Brain tissue was illuminated through the intact skull with NIR light at 850 nm, and steady-state scattered light intensity was monitored at an angle of 90 degrees at a position on the skull approximately 10 mm from the illuminated site. NIR light scattering reversibly increased with brain swelling (DeltaI/Io approximately 25% per 1% increase in brain water content), but was insensitive to changes in cerebral blood flow, blood oxygenation, or blood flow-related changes in intracranial pressure (ICP). DeltaI/Io increased approximately linearly with brain water content as measured by wet-to-dry weight ratios. Acute water intoxication (intraperitoneal water, 20% body weight) produced a gradual increase in DeltaI/Io of 12 +/- 4% in wild-type mice at 5 min, much greater than that of 2 +/- 1% in AQP4-null mice. Correlation of the NIR signal with ICP showed that increased DeltaI/Io preceded measurable increases in ICP, indicating the ability of the NIR method to detect early brain edema before ICP elevation. NIR light scattering provides a simple noninvasive method to monitor brain edema in mice, with potential clinical applications.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
Thiagarajah JR,Papadopoulos MC,Verkman ASdoi
10.1002/jnr.20439keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-04-15 00:00:00pages
293-9issue
2eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
80pub_type
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