Abstract：
:Epigenetics is the regulation of gene expression (transcription) in response to changes in the cell environment through genomic modifications that largely involve the non-coding fraction of the human genome and that cannot be attributed to modification of the primary DNA sequence. Epigenetics is dominant in establishing cell fate and positioning during programmed embryonic development. However the same pathways are used by mature postnatal and adult mammalian cells during normal physiology and are implicated in disease mechanisms. Recent research demonstrates that blood flow and pressure are cell environments that can influence transcription via epigenetic pathways. The principal epigenetic pathways are chemical modification of cytosine residues of DNA (DNA methylation) and of the amino tails of histone proteins associated with DNA in nucleosomes. They also encompass the post-transcriptional degradation of mRNA transcripts by non-coding RNAs (ncRNA). In vascular endothelium, epigenetic pathways respond to temporal and spatial variations of flow and pressure, particularly hemodynamic disturbed blood flow, with important consequences for gene expression. The biofluid environment is linked by mechanotransduction and solute transport to cardiovascular cell phenotypes via signaling pathways and epigenetic regulation for which there is an adequate interdisciplinary infrastructure with robust tools and methods available. Epigenetic mechanisms may be less familiar than acute genomic signaling to Investigators at the interface of biofluids, biomechanics and cardiovascular biology. Here we introduce a biofluids / cellular biomechanics readership to the principal epigenetic pathways and provide a contextual overview of endothelial epigenetic plasticity in the regulation of flow-responsive transcription.
journal_name
J Biomechjournal_title
Journal of biomechanicsauthors
Davies PF,Manduchi E,Jiménez JM,Jiang YZdoi
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.11.017subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-04 00:00:00pages
3-10eissn
0021-9290issn
1873-2380pii
S0021-9290(16)31185-Xjournal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Cellular mechanotransduction is an integral part of many crucial physiological processes, but non-invasive tools for quantifying intracellular strain in vivo are not available for complex tissues such as bone. As a first step to address this gap, we have utilized a novel, non-invasive approach to quantify cellular str...
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journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
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journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
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更新日期：2019-01-03 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
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journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
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更新日期：2012-09-21 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
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更新日期：2016-06-14 00:00:00
