Abstract：
:The purpose of this study was to determine the cross-sectional geometry and mass density distribution of a young porcine subject using the X-ray computerized tomographic (CT) method and to perform a comparative study of anatomical features of this subject and a 3 yr old female child specimen. The cross-sectional CT scans of the porcine subject were obtained at 1 cm intervals. The outlines of each cross section and of selected anatomical components within each section were obtained by standard picture processing techniques. The mass and inertia tensor for each cross section and for each anatomical structure in a section were computed based on the CT numbers. The porcine subject was then sacrificed, frozen, sectioned and photographed. These sectional photographs were then compared with those obtained from the CT method. Tabulated cross-sectional mass and inertia tensor obtained from CT scans of the porcine subject were also used to compare with similar results derived from previously completed CT scans of the 3 yr old female child specimen. In particular, the comparisons were made on the location of the center of gravity and the inertia tensor in the head, neck, head and neck and cervical spine regions. Some immediate applications of this data are inputs to finite element models, lumped parameter biodynamic models, computer simulation of vehicle crash victims, and dummy design.
journal_name
J Biomechjournal_title
Journal of biomechanicsauthors
Huang HK,Suarez FRdoi
10.1016/0021-9290(83)90006-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-01-01 00:00:00pages
821-32issue
10eissn
0021-9290issn
1873-2380pii
0021-9290(83)90006-4journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A numerical-experimental approach has been developed to characterize heel-pad deformation at the material level. Left and right heels of 20 diabetic subjects and 20 nondiabetic subjects matched for age, gender and body mass index were indented using force-controlled ultrasound. Initial tissue thickness and deformation...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.03.007
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Energy conservation in swimming is formulated in terms of four functions of the swim speed v: the consumed power K, the mechanical power P used for horizontal propulsion, the remaining expended mechanical power N, and the thermal power loss H. K is well-known (from VO2) and P = FDv, where the drag force FD is not know...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(94)00143-r
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Differences between wear-scar features of simulator-tested and retrieved tibial total knee replacement (TKR) liners have been reported. This disagreement may result from differences between in vivo kinematic profiles and those defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The purpose of this stu...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.06.030
更新日期：2009-10-16 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed at testing the reliability and construct validity of a trunk perturbation protocol (TPP) that estimates the intrinsic and reflexive contributions to low-back stiffness. The TPP consists of a series of pseudorandom position-controlled trunk perturbations in an apparatus measuring forces and displacemen...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.11.036
更新日期：2015-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanical properties of vertebrate erythrocytes depend on their cytoskeletal protein networks. Membrane skeleton proteins spectrin and protein 4.1 (4.1R) cross-link with actin to maintain membrane stability under mechanical stress. Phosphorylation of 4.1R alters the affinity of 4.1R for spectrin-actin binding and...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.07.022
更新日期：2014-10-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of sub-cellular mechanical loads on the behavior of fibroblasts was investigated using magnetoelastic (ME) materials, a type of material that produces mechanical vibrations when exposed to an external magnetic AC field. The integration of this functionality into implant surfaces could mitigate excessive fib...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.02.007
更新日期：2018-04-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Locomotion involves complex neural networks responsible for automatic and volitional actions. During locomotion, motor strategies can rapidly compensate for any obstruction or perturbation that could interfere with forward progression. In this pilot study, we examined the contribution of interlimb pathways for evoking...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.04.042
更新日期：2015-08-20 00:00:00
abstract：:This numerical study assesses the influence of an oversized humeral hemiprosthesis with a larger medial offset on the mechanics of the shoulder with cuff tear arthropathy (CTA). Shoulder elevation in the scapular plane is performed, and a Seebauer Type IIa CTA is simulated: a massive rotator cuff tear, a proximal and ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.11.021
更新日期：2013-02-22 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a comparison of the flow characteristics in an idealized smooth trachea model and a second model which has a roughness simulating cartilaginous rings. We use refractive index-matched particle image velocimetry (PIV) to measure the velocity field in a two-generation model of the trachea and main bronchi. The...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.03.043
更新日期：2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The fluid-structure interaction and energy transfer from respiratory airflow to self-sustained vocal fold oscillation continues to be a topic of interest in vocal fold research. Vocal fold vibration is driven by pressures on the vocal fold surface, which are determined by the shape of the glottis and the contact betwe...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.04.011
更新日期：2018-05-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The topographical distributions of the zonal properties of articular cartilage over the medial tibia from an experimental osteoarthritis (OA) model were evaluated as a function of external loading by microscopic Magnetic Resonance Imaging (µMRI). T2 relaxation times and cartilage thicknesses were measured at 17.6 µm r...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.08.011
更新日期：2015-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Human runners adjust the stiffness of their stance leg to accommodate surface stiffness during steady state running. This adjustment allows runners to maintain similar center of mass movement (e.g., ground contact time and stride frequency) regardless of surface stiffness. When runners encounter abrupt transitions in ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(99)00078-0
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:p6e fluid flow in the annular perfusion chamber of Baumgartner developed to study platelet vessel wall interaction was examined with laser-Doppler velocimetry. A laminar and stable flow with a Reynolds number of less than or equal to 50 was measured at flow rates up to 3 ml s-1. No turbulence was found. The wall shear...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(84)90081-2
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple method of recording the three-dimensional movements of the mandible together with up to 10 channels of other physiological data is described. The system is based on a commercially available device, the Cybermouse (IPC, Freemont, CA, U.S.A.), consisting of a lightweight ultrasonic emitter which can be attached...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(97)00012-2
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pleural surfaces of the chest wall and lung slide against each other, lubricated by pleural fluid. During sliding motion of soft tissues, shear induced hydrodynamic pressure deforms the surfaces, promoting uniformity of the fluid layer thickness, thereby reducing friction. To assess pleural deformability at length...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.07.008
更新日期：2011-09-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Propulsive forces generated by swimmers hand/forearm, have been studied through experimental tests. However, there are serious doubts as to whether forces quantified in this way are accurate enough to be meaningful. In order to solve some experimental problems, some numerical techniques have been proposed using Comput...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.03.012
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although biomechanical studies of the normal rat vein wall have been reported (Weizsacker, 1988; Plante, 2002), there are no published studies that have investigated the mechanical effects of thrombus formation on murine venous tissue. In response to the lack of knowledge concerning the mechanical consequences of thro...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.07.012
更新日期：2010-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanical effects of varying the depth of cement penetration in the cement-bone interface were investigated using finite element analysis (FEA) and validated using companion experimental data. Two FEA models of the cement-bone interface were created from micro-computed tomography data and the penetration of cemen...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.11.033
更新日期：2010-04-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Sitting is often assumed to involve high loads on the spine as well as on implants for stabilising the spine. Loads on internal spinal fixation devices were therefore measured in ten patients sitting on several types of seats, including a stool, a stool with a padded wedge, a chair, a physiotherapy ball, a knee-stool,...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(01)00073-2
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When stepping down from a height difference in ongoing gait, subjects are known to use a heel landing at small height differences and switch to toe landing for larger height differences. We hypothesized that in toe landing, the leading leg can perform more negative work, to control the momentum gained during the desce...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.05.022
更新日期：2008-08-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies on cats walking backward have indicated that they adopt a presumably adaptive posture characterized by extreme dorsiflexion of the lumbar spine. Because humans do not show any marked postural changes during backward walking, we questioned whether the posture exhibited by cats during backward walking w...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(00)00071-3
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stair-climbing while doing a concurrent task like talking or holding an object is a common activity of daily living which poses high risk for falls. While biomechanical analyses of overground walking during dual-tasking have been studied extensively, little is known on the biomechanics of stair-climbing while dual-tas...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.024
更新日期：2015-04-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Inferences on the active contribution of plantar flexors to the stabilisation of human standing posture have been drawn from surface electromyograms (EMGs). Surface EMGs were however often detected unilaterally, presuming the myoelectric activity from muscles in a single leg reflects the pattern of muscle activation i...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.09.018
更新日期：2018-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Detecting and assessing an individual's gait can be important for medical diagnostic purposes and for developing and guiding follow-on rehabilitation protocols. Thus, an accurate, objective gait classification system has the potential to facilitate earlier diagnosis and improved clinical decision-making. Systems using...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.06.009
更新日期：2019-08-27 00:00:00
abstract：:It has long been thought that intracranial saccular aneurysms enlarge and rupture because of mechanical instabilities. Recent nonlinear analyses suggest, however, that at least certain sub-classes of aneurysms do not exhibit quasi-static limit point instabilities or dynamic instabilities in response to periodic loadin...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(03)00083-6
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patient specific quantitative CT (QCT) imaging data together with the finite element (FE) method may provide an accurate prediction of a patient's femoral strength and fracture risk. Although numerous FE models investigating femoral fracture strength have been published, there is little consent on the effect of bounda...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.07.004
更新日期：2013-09-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The biomechanical environment of the optic nerve head (ONH), of interest in glaucoma, is strongly affected by the biomechanical properties of sclera. However, there is a paucity of information about the variation of scleral mechanical properties within eyes and between individuals. We thus used biaxial testing to meas...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.02.031
更新日期：2010-06-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Development of biologically inspired exoskeletons to assist soldiers in carrying load is a rapidly expanding field. Understanding how the body modulates stiffness in response to changing loads may inform the development of these exoskeletons and is the purpose of the present study. Seventeen subjects walked on a tread...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.12.046
更新日期：2015-04-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Tendons are able to transmit high loads efficiently due to their finely optimized hierarchical collagen structure. Two mechanisms by which tendons respond to load are collagen fibril sliding and deformation (stretch). Although many studies have demonstrated that regional variations in tendon structure, composition, an...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.10.029
更新日期：2014-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Information on the dynamic properties (joint stiffness, viscosity and limb inertia) of the human knee joint is scarce in the literature, especially for actively contracting knee musculature. A joint driving device was developed to apply small-amplitude random perturbations to the human knee at several flexion angles w...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(97)00106-1
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
