The law of perceptual stability: abastract foundations.

abstract：:Recombinant adenoviral mediated delivery of suicide and cytokine genes has been investigated as a treatment for hepatic metastases of colon carcinoma in mice. Liver tumors were established by intrahepatic implantation of a poorly immunogenic colon carcinoma cell line (MCA-26), which is syngeneic in BALB/c mice. Intrat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Caruso M,Pham-Nguyen K,Kwong YL,Xu B,Kosai KI,Finegold M,Woo SL,Chen SH

更新日期：1996-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have investigated the biochemical basis for negative regulation of interleukin 2 receptor alpha-chain (IL-2R alpha) gene expression. Transient transfection studies employing internally deleted forms of the IL-2R alpha promoter localized a negative regulatory element (NRE) between nucleotides -400 and -368 relative ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith MR,Greene WC

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously shown that surfactant protein A (SP-A) mediates in vitro killing of mycoplasmas by alveolar macrophages (AMs) from resistant C57BL/6 mice through a nitric oxide (.NO)-dependent mechanism. Herein, SP-A-deficient [SP-A(-/-)] and inducible.NO synthase-deficient [iNOS(-/-)] mice were infected intranasal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hickman-Davis J,Gibbs-Erwin J,Lindsey JR,Matalon S

更新日期：1999-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Tibetans have adapted to the chronic hypoxia of high altitude and display a distinctive suite of physiologic adaptations, including augmented hypoxic ventilatory response and resistance to pulmonary hypertension. Genome-wide studies have consistently identified compelling genetic signatures of natural selection in two...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Song D,Navalsky BE,Guan W,Ingersoll C,Wang T,Loro E,Eeles L,Matchett KB,Percy MJ,Walsby-Tickle J,McCullagh JSO,Medina RJ,Khurana TS,Bigham AW,Lappin TR,Lee FS

更新日期：2020-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:TCL1 and TCL1b genes on human chromosome 14q23.1 are activated in T cell leukemias by translocations and inversions at 14q32.1, juxtaposing them to regulatory elements of T cell receptor genes. In this report we present the cloning, mapping, and expression analysis of the human and murine TCL1/Tcl1 locus. In addition ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hallas C,Pekarsky Y,Itoyama T,Varnum J,Bichi R,Rothstein JL,Croce CM

更新日期：1999-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:An ADP analog carrying a biotin moiety and a photoreactive group was synthesized. In the presence of vanadate ion (Vi), the analog was tightly trapped into the ATPase site of heavy meromyosin (HMM) or myosin subfragment 1 (S1) in an ADP analog/ATPase site molar ratio of 1:1. UV illumination on the HMM (or S1)-Vi-ADP a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sutoh K,Yamamoto K,Wakabayashi T

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In humans, septal defects are among the most prevalent congenital heart diseases, but their cellular and molecular origins are not fully understood. We report that transcription factor Tbx5 is present in a subpopulation of endocardial cells and that its deletion therein results in fully penetrant, dose-dependent atria...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nadeau M,Georges RO,Laforest B,Yamak A,Lefebvre C,Beauregard J,Paradis P,Bruneau BG,Andelfinger G,Nemer M

更新日期：2010-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteolytic removal of the pre-segment from growing nascent chains of pre-human placental lactogen (hPL) occurred during in vitro translation of placental mRNA if crude membranes derived from ascites lysates, dog pancreas, or rat liver rough endoplasmic reticulum were added to the translation mixtures. The cotranslati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Strauss AW,Zimmerman M,Boime I,Ashe B,Mumford RA,Alberts AW

更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1944, Freeman Dyson conjectured the existence of a "crank" function for partitions that would provide a combinatorial proof of Ramanujan's congruence modulo 11. Forty years later, Andrews and Garvan successfully found such a function and proved the celebrated result that the crank simultaneously "explains" the thre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mahlburg K

更新日期：2005-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Alpha-Klotho (alpha-Kl) and its homolog, beta-Klotho (beta-Kl) are key regulators of mineral homeostasis and bile acid/cholesterol metabolism, respectively. FGF15/ humanFGF19, FGF21, and FGF23, members of the FGF19 subfamily, are believed to act as circulating metabolic regulators. Analyses of functional interactions ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tomiyama K,Maeda R,Urakawa I,Yamazaki Y,Tanaka T,Ito S,Nabeshima Y,Tomita T,Odori S,Hosoda K,Nakao K,Imura A,Nabeshima Y

更新日期：2010-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular cAMP plays a crucial role in regulating the developmental program of Dictyostelium discoideum, functioning as a chemotactic agent, as well as a signal that regulates expression of developmentally expressed genes. These activities appear to be mediated by a cell-surface receptor for cAMP. We have studied ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chisholm RL,Hopkinson S,Lodish HF

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic code in a eukaryotic system has been expanded by the engineering of Escherichia coli tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) with the Y37V and Q195C mutations (37V195C), which specifically recognize 3-iodo-L-tyrosine rather than L-tyrosine. In the present study, we determined the 3-iodo-L-tyrosine- and L-tyrosine-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kobayashi T,Sakamoto K,Takimura T,Sekine R,Kelly VP,Kamata K,Nishimura S,Yokoyama S

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have cloned one of the two human alpha-globin genes and report its complete nucleotide sequence. The gene is 832 base pairs (bp) long from the 5'-cap site to the 3'-polyadenylylation site. The amino acid coding sequences are separated into three segments (exons) by two short (117 and 140 bp) intervening sequences. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liebhaber SA,Goossens MJ,Kan YW

更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural differences between dynein and kinesin suggest a unique molecular mechanism of dynein motility. Measuring the mechanical properties of a single molecule of dynein is crucial for revealing the mechanisms underlying its movement. We measured the step size and force produced by single molecules of active cytop...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Toba S,Watanabe TM,Yamaguchi-Okimoto L,Toyoshima YY,Higuchi H

更新日期：2006-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane lipids were once thought to be homogenously distributed in the 2D surface of a membrane, but the lipid raft theory suggests that cholesterol and sphingolipids partition away from other membrane lipids. Lipid raft theory further implicates these cholesterol-rich domains in many processes such as signaling and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Foster LJ,De Hoog CL,Mann M

更新日期：2003-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:In the retinae of many vertebrates, there are classes of horizontal cell that probably utilize gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as a neurotransmitter. As with other amino acid transmitter agents, the postsynaptic action of GABA is thought to be terminated by uptake into neurons and glia surrounding the release site. The...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malchow RP,Ripps H

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A key challenge in ecology is to define species' niches on the basis of functional traits. Size and shape are important determinants of a species' niche but their causal role is often difficult to interpret. For endotherms, size and shape define the thermal niche through their interaction with core temperature, insula...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Porter WP,Kearney M

更新日期：2009-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Horizontal cells of the carp retina possess dopamine receptors linked to adenylate cyclase. Isolated, intact horizontal cells respond to micromolar concentrations of dopamine, whereas nanomolar concentrations of haloperidol, (+)-butaclamol, and flupenthixol block the dopamine response. Preincubation in Ringer's soluti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van Buskirk R,Dowling JE

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is predominantly caused by mutations in the NPC1 protein that affect intracellular cholesterol trafficking and cause accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and other lipids in lysosomal storage organelles. We report the use of a series of small molecule histone deacetylase (HDAC) in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pipalia NH,Cosner CC,Huang A,Chatterjee A,Bourbon P,Farley N,Helquist P,Wiest O,Maxfield FR

更新日期：2011-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:On a planet experiencing global environmental change, the governance of natural resources depends on sustained collective action by diverse populations. Engaging in such collective action can only build upon the foundation of human cognition in social-ecological settings. To help understand this foundation, we assess ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Freeman J,Baggio JA,Coyle TR

更新日期：2020-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major glycolipid that is present in the outer membranes (OMs) of most Gram-negative bacteria. LPS molecules are assembled with divalent metal cations in the outer leaflet of the OM to form an impervious layer that prevents toxic compounds from entering the cell. For most Gram-negative b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chng SS,Ruiz N,Chimalakonda G,Silhavy TJ,Kahne D

更新日期：2010-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate models show that particles formed by nucleation can affect cloud cover and, therefore, the earth's radiation budget. Measurements worldwide show that nucleation rates in the atmospheric boundary layer are positively correlated with concentrations of sulfuric acid vapor. However, current nucleation theories do ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen M,Titcombe M,Jiang J,Jen C,Kuang C,Fischer ML,Eisele FL,Siepmann JI,Hanson DR,Zhao J,McMurry PH

更新日期：2012-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The Na/K pump is a P-type ATPase that exchanges three intracellular Na(+) ions for two extracellular K(+) ions through the plasmalemma of nearly all animal cells. The mechanisms involved in cation selection by the pump's ion-binding sites (site I and site II bind either Na(+) or K(+); site III binds only Na(+)) are po...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ratheal IM,Virgin GK,Yu H,Roux B,Gatto C,Artigas P

更新日期：2010-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:We determined the genomic sequence at the site of insertion in 2,266 unselected P element insertion events. Estimating physical properties of the genomic DNA at these insertion sites-such as base composition, bendability, A-philicity, protein-induced deformability, and B-DNA twist-revealed that they differ significant...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liao GC,Rehm EJ,Rubin GM

更新日期：2000-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Global warming is intensifying interest in the mechanisms enabling ectothermic animals to adjust physiological performance and cope with temperature change. Here we show that embryonic temperature can have dramatic and persistent effects on thermal acclimation capacity at multiple levels of biological organization. Ze...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Scott GR,Johnston IA

更新日期：2012-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the future often seems intangible, we can make it more concrete by imagining prospective events. Here, using functional MRI, we demonstrate a mechanism by which the ventromedial prefrontal cortex supports such episodic simulations, and thereby contributes to affective foresight: This region supports processes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benoit RG,Szpunar KK,Schacter DL

更新日期：2014-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Beneficial mutations are the driving force of adaptive evolution. In asexual populations, the identification of beneficial alleles is confounded by the presence of genetically linked hitchhiker mutations. Parallel evolution experiments enable the recognition of common targets of selection; yet these targets are inhere...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buskirk SW,Peace RE,Lang GI

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thirty percent of the 189 tumors studied to date express DNA polymerase beta variants. One of these variants was identified in a prostate carcinoma and is altered from isoleucine to methionine at position 260, within the hydrophobic hinge region of the protein. Another variant was identified in a colon carcinoma and i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sweasy JB,Lang T,Starcevic D,Sun KW,Lai CC,Dimaio D,Dalal S

更新日期：2005-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:An oligomeric intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of peptidoglycan was isolated from B. megaterium. The oligomer has been identified as [disaccharide(pentapeptide)]12 pyrophosphoryl undecaprenol. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fuchs-Cleveland E,Gilvarg C

更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a subtropical gyre, the convergent Ekman layer forces water downward into the geostrophic flow below. The properties and depth of the mixed layer vary considerably during the course of the year, but this variability does not penetrate into the geostrophic region. Evidently there is some process at work that selects...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stommel H

更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00