Resistance Mechanisms to Immune-Checkpoint Blockade in Cancer: Tumor-Intrinsic and -Extrinsic Factors.

abstract：:MicroRNAs have been shown to be critical for a number of aspects of immune system regulation and function. Here, we have examined the role of microRNAs in terminal B cell differentiation by analyzing Cd19-Cre(ki/+) Dicer1(fl/fl) mice. We found that in the absence of Dicer, the transitional and marginal zone (MZ) B cel...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Belver L,de Yébenes VG,Ramiro AR

更新日期：2010-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Notch signaling has been identified as an important regulator of leukocyte differentiation and thymic maturation. Less is known about the role of Notch signaling in regulating mature T cells. We examined the role of Notch 1 in regulating peripheral T cell activity in vitro and in vivo. Coligation of Notch 1 together w...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Eagar TN,Tang Q,Wolfe M,He Y,Pear WS,Bluestone JA

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are specialized providers of T cell help to B cells, and are essential for germinal center formation, affinity maturation, and the development of most high-affinity antibodies and memory B cells. Tfh cell differentiation is a multistage, multifactorial process involving B cell lymphoma ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Crotty S

更新日期：2014-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The stromal scaffold of the lymph node (LN) paracortex is built by fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs). Conditional ablation of lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR) expression in LN FRCs and their mesenchymal progenitors in developing LNs revealed that LTβR-signaling in these cells was not essential for the formation of LNs....

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Chai Q,Onder L,Scandella E,Gil-Cruz C,Perez-Shibayama C,Cupovic J,Danuser R,Sparwasser T,Luther SA,Thiel V,Rülicke T,Stein JV,Hehlgans T,Ludewig B

更新日期：2013-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognate interactions of naive T cells with antigen-presenting dendritic cells require physical cell-cell contacts leading to signal induction and T cell activation. Using a three-dimensional collagen matrix videomicroscopy model for ovalbumin peptide-specific activation of murine and oxidative mitogenesis of human T c...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Gunzer M,Schäfer A,Borgmann S,Grabbe S,Zänker KS,Bröcker EB,Kämpgen E,Friedl P

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depending on the tissue microenvironment, T cells can differentiate into highly diverse subsets expressing unique trafficking receptors and cytokines. Studies of human lymphocytes have primarily focused on a limited number of parameters in blood, representing an incomplete view of the human immune system. Here, we hav...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Wong MT,Ong DE,Lim FS,Teng KW,McGovern N,Narayanan S,Ho WQ,Cerny D,Tan HK,Anicete R,Tan BK,Lim TK,Chan CY,Cheow PC,Lee SY,Takano A,Tan EH,Tam JK,Tan EY,Chan JK,Fink K,Bertoletti A,Ginhoux F,Curotto de Lafail

更新日期：2016-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations affecting the Tec kinases Itk and Rlk decrease T cell receptor-induced Ca(2+) mobilization and Erk kinase activation and impair both positive and negative thymic selection. Itk(-/-) and Rlk(-/-)Itk(-/-) mice also have decreased CD4:8 T cell ratios, suggestive of altered CD4:8 lineage commitment. Nonetheless,...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Broussard C,Fleischacker C,Horai R,Chetana M,Venegas AM,Sharp LL,Hedrick SM,Fowlkes BJ,Schwartzberg PL

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is required for immunoglobulin (Ig) gene class switch recombination (CSR), somatic hypermutation (SHM), and somatic hyperconversion. In general, high AID expression is found in mature B cells that are responding to antigens. However, AID expression and SHM have also been det...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Han JH,Akira S,Calame K,Beutler B,Selsing E,Imanishi-Kari T

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of Immunity, Xu et al. reveal that dermal dendritic cells produce interleukin-31, which acts on neurons to promote wound itch. Their findings link itch associated with deeper wounds-wounds that extend beyond the epithelium-to the cells and cytokines that mediate wound healing. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Yang TB,Kim BS

更新日期：2020-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The products of V(D)J recombination are coding and signal joints. We show that the nucleotide composition of the coding ends affects V(D)J recombination. The presence of Ts at the 5' end of either the 12 mer or the 23 mer recombination signal sequence (RSS) greatly decreases coding and signal joint formation, and Ts a...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Ezekiel UR,Engler P,Stern D,Storb U

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of Immunity, Campbell et al. (2014) demonstrate that hypoxia caused by the respiratory burst of infiltrating neutrophils activates hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) in epithelial cells and protects the mucosa cells in an experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Borregaard N

更新日期：2014-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulatory T cells (Treg cells) perform suppressive functions in disparate tissue environments and against many inflammatory insults, yet the tissue-enriched factor(s) that influence Treg cell phenotype and function remain largely unknown. We have shown a vital role for transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signals in ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Konkel JE,Zhang D,Zanvit P,Chia C,Zangarle-Murray T,Jin W,Wang S,Chen W

更新日期：2017-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition of bacterial peptidoglycan by the Drosophila IMD pathway triggers NF-κB activation and an associated immune response. In this issue of Immunity, Kleino et al. (2017) show that proteins in the IMD pathway form functional amyloids via a cryptic motif resembling the RHIM motif found in mammalian RIPK proteins...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Shin S,Cherry S

更新日期：2017-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The effector potential of NK cells is counterbalanced by their sensitivity to inhibition by "self" MHC class I molecules in a process called "education." In humans, interactions between inhibitory killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and human MHC (HLA) mediate NK cell education. In HLA-B(∗)27:05(+) transgenic m...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Boudreau JE,Liu XR,Zhao Z,Zhang A,Shultz LD,Greiner DL,Dupont B,Hsu KC

更新日期：2016-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural hosts for simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) can be, and are often naturally, infected with species-specific SIVs, but do not develop acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These natural hosts maintain high SIV viral loads, but avoid immunodeficiency. Elucidating the mechanisms that allow natural hosts to...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Brenchley JM,Silvestri G,Douek DC

更新日期：2010-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cell (DC) activation is essential for the induction of immune defense against pathogens, yet needs to be tightly controlled to avoid chronic inflammation and exaggerated immune responses. Here, we identify a mechanism of immune homeostasis by which adaptive immunity, once triggered, tempers DC activation and...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Carrera Silva EA,Chan PY,Joannas L,Errasti AE,Gagliani N,Bosurgi L,Jabbour M,Perry A,Smith-Chakmakova F,Mucida D,Cheroutre H,Burstyn-Cohen T,Leighton JA,Lemke G,Ghosh S,Rothlin CV

更新日期：2013-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:What does it take to make a regulatory T (Treg) cell? In this issue of Immunity, Ohkura et al. show that Treg-cell-specific CpG hypomethylation and Foxp3 expression are independent events required for Treg cell development, stability, and full suppressive activity. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Delgoffe GM,Bettini ML,Vignali DA

更新日期：2012-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytokine TNF is thought to play a major role in the immunopathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, and anti-TNF antibodies are considered as cornerstones of clinical therapy. Two clinical trials published in The New England Journal of Medicine now challenge this paradigm and suggest new avenues for research. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Neurath MF,Chiriac MT

更新日期：2019-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：:We have characterized the CD1b-mediated presentation pathway for the mycobacterial lipoglycan lipoarabinomannan (LAM) in monocyte-derived antigen-presenting cells. The macrophage mannose receptor (MR) was responsible for uptake of LAM. Antagonism of MR function inhibited both the internalization of LAM and the present...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Prigozy TI,Sieling PA,Clemens D,Stewart PL,Behar SM,Porcelli SA,Brenner MB,Modlin RL,Kronenberg M

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neutrophils are the first immune cells recruited to sites of inflammation and infection. However, patients with allergic disorders such as atopic dermatitis show a paucity of skin neutrophils and are prone to bacterial skin infections, suggesting that allergic inflammation curtails neutrophil responses. Here we have s...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Woytschak J,Keller N,Krieg C,Impellizzieri D,Thompson RW,Wynn TA,Zinkernagel AS,Boyman O

更新日期：2016-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Proliferation of memory-phenotype (CD44hi) CD8+ cells induced by infectious agents can be mimicked by injection of type I interferon (IFN I) and by IFN I-inducing agents such as lipopolysaccharide and Poly I:C; such proliferation does not affect naive T cells and appears to be TCR independent. Since IFN I inhibits pro...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Zhang X,Sun S,Hwang I,Tough DF,Sprent J

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:C57BI/6 mice infected with mouse hepatitis virus, strain JHM (MHV-JHM) develop a chronic demyelinating encephalomyelitis. Infectious virus can be isolated only from symptomatic mice. In C57BI/6 mice, two CD8+ T cell epitopes within the MHV-JHM surface glycoprotein were previously identified. Here, we show that mutatio...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Pewe L,Wu GF,Barnett EM,Castro RF,Perlman S

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagy is a fundamental biological process of the eukaryotic cell contributing to diverse cellular and physiological functions including cell-autonomous defense against intracellular pathogens. Here, we screened the Rab family of membrane trafficking regulators for effects on autophagic elimination of Mycobacterium...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Pilli M,Arko-Mensah J,Ponpuak M,Roberts E,Master S,Mandell MA,Dupont N,Ornatowski W,Jiang S,Bradfute SB,Bruun JA,Hansen TE,Johansen T,Deretic V

更新日期：2012-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The peptidoglycan sensor Nod2 and the autophagy protein ATG16L1 have been linked to Crohn's disease (CD). Although Nod2 and the related sensor, Nod1, direct ATG16L1 to initiate anti-bacterial autophagy, whether ATG16L1 affects Nod-driven inflammation has not been examined. Here, we uncover an unanticipated autophagy-i...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Sorbara MT,Ellison LK,Ramjeet M,Travassos LH,Jones NL,Girardin SE,Philpott DJ

更新日期：2013-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the site and mechanism of suppression by regulatory T (Treg) cells, we investigated their migration and function in an islet allograft model. Treg cells first migrated from blood to the inflamed allograft where they were essential for the suppression of alloimmunity. This process was dependent on the chem...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Zhang N,Schröppel B,Lal G,Jakubzick C,Mao X,Chen D,Yin N,Jessberger R,Ochando JC,Ding Y,Bromberg JS

更新日期：2009-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Infiltration of regulatory T (Treg) cells into many tumor types correlates with poor patient prognoses. However, mechanisms of intratumoral Treg cell function remain to be elucidated. We investigated Treg cell function in a genetically engineered mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma and found that Treg cells suppressed ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Joshi NS,Akama-Garren EH,Lu Y,Lee DY,Chang GP,Li A,DuPage M,Tammela T,Kerper NR,Farago AF,Robbins R,Crowley DM,Bronson RT,Jacks T

更新日期：2015-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of human innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) remains poorly characterized. In a recent issue of Cell, Lim et al. show that human peripheral-blood CD117+ ILCs harbor ILC precursors (ILCPs) derived from hematopoietic stem cells. Peripheral-blood ILCPs can generate all ILC subsets in vivo and in vitro. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Mjösberg J,Mazzurana L

更新日期：2017-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Monocytes and macrophages are important effectors and regulators of inflammation, and both can be divided into distinct subsets based on their phenotypes. The developmental and functional relationship between individual subsets of monocytes and those of macrophages has not been fully elucidated, although Ly6C(+)CCR2(+...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Egawa M,Mukai K,Yoshikawa S,Iki M,Mukaida N,Kawano Y,Minegishi Y,Karasuyama H

更新日期：2013-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Generally, two signals are required to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. In this issue of Immunity, Hornung and colleagues (2016) describe an alternative inflammasome activation pathway in human monocytes triggering activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in response to a single stimulus. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Elliott EI,Sutterwala FS

更新日期：2016-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Why patients with chronic kidney disease have elevated cardiovascular risk remains elusive. In this issue of Immunity, Speer et al. (2013) show that natural modification of high density lipoprotein promotes hypertension through a Toll-like receptor-dependent mechanism. ...

journal_title：Immunity

authors： Moore KJ,Fisher EA

更新日期：2013-04-18 00:00:00