Corticostriatal dynamics encode the refinement of specific behavioral variability during skill learning.

abstract：:Sensory deprivation during the post-natal 'critical period' leads to structural reorganization of the developing visual cortex. In adulthood, the visual cortex retains some flexibility and adapts to sensory deprivation. Here we show that short-term (2 hr) monocular deprivation in adult humans boosts the BOLD response ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Binda P,Kurzawski JW,Lunghi C,Biagi L,Tosetti M,Morrone MC

更新日期：2018-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Previously, we identified long repeat sequences that are frequently associated with genome rearrangements, including copy number variation (CNV), in many diverse isolates of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans (Todd et al., 2019). Here, we describe the rapid acquisition of novel, high copy number CNVs during ad...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Todd RT,Selmecki A

更新日期：2020-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Ten countries have reported pfhrp2/pfhrp3 gene deletions since the first observation of pfhrp2-deleted parasites in 2012. In a previous study (Watson et al., 2017), we characterised the drivers selecting for pfhrp2/3 deletions and mapped the regions in Africa with the greatest selection pressure. In February 2018, the...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Watson OJ,Verity R,Ghani AC,Garske T,Cunningham J,Tshefu A,Mwandagalirwa MK,Meshnick SR,Parr JB,Slater HC

更新日期：2019-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Serotonin is implicated in mood and affective disorders. However, growing evidence suggests that a core endogenous role is to promote flexible adaptation to changes in the causal structure of the environment, through behavioral inhibition and enhanced plasticity. We used long-term photometric recordings in mice to stu...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Matias S,Lottem E,Dugué GP,Mainen ZF

更新日期：2017-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:It is widely argued that personalized instruction based on individual differences in learning styles or genetic predispositions could improve learning outcomes. However, this proposition has resisted clear demonstration in human studies, where it is difficult to control experience and quantify outcomes. Here, we take ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Mets DG,Brainard MS

更新日期：2019-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:A major puzzle in biology is how mammalian sperm maintain the correct swimming direction during various phases of the sexual reproduction process. Whilst chemotaxis may dominate near the ovum, it is unclear which cues guide spermatozoa on their long journey towards the egg. Hypothesized mechanisms range from peristalt...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Kantsler V,Dunkel J,Blayney M,Goldstein RE

更新日期：2014-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophage-mediated phagocytosis and cytokine production represent the front lines of resistance to bacterial invaders. A key feature of this pro-inflammatory response in mammals is the complex remodeling of cellular metabolism towards aerobic glycolysis. Although the function of bactericidal macrophages is highly con...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Krejčová G,Danielová A,Nedbalová P,Kazek M,Strych L,Chawla G,Tennessen JM,Lieskovská J,Jindra M,Doležal T,Bajgar A

更新日期：2019-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Retromer, including Vps35, Vps26, and Vps29, is a protein complex responsible for recycling proteins within the endolysosomal pathway. Although implicated in both Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, our understanding of retromer function in the adult brain remains limited, in part because Vps35 and Vps26 are essentia...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Ye H,Ojelade SA,Li-Kroeger D,Zuo Z,Wang L,Li Y,Gu JY,Tepass U,Rodal AA,Bellen HJ,Shulman JM

更新日期：2020-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondria play important roles in cellular processes and disease, yet little is known about how the transcriptional regime of the mitochondrial genome varies across individuals and tissues. By analyzing >11,000 RNA-sequencing libraries across 36 tissue/cell types, we find considerable variation in mitochondrial-enc...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Ali AT,Boehme L,Carbajosa G,Seitan VC,Small KS,Hodgkinson A

更新日期：2019-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendrites shape information flow in neurons. Yet, there is little consensus on the level of spatial complexity at which they operate. Through carefully chosen parameter fits, solvable in the least-squares sense, we obtain accurate reduced compartmental models at any level of complexity. We show that (back-propagating)...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Wybo WA,Jordan J,Ellenberger B,Marti Mengual U,Nevian T,Senn W

更新日期：2021-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmodium sporozoites, the mosquito-transmitted forms of the malaria parasite, first infect the liver for an initial round of replication before the emergence of pathogenic blood stages. Sporozoites represent attractive targets for antimalarial preventive strategies, yet the mechanisms of parasite entry into hepatocy...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Manzoni G,Marinach C,Topçu S,Briquet S,Grand M,Tolle M,Gransagne M,Lescar J,Andolina C,Franetich JF,Zeisel MB,Huby T,Rubinstein E,Snounou G,Mazier D,Nosten F,Baumert TF,Silvie O

更新日期：2017-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:To improve chemical cross-linking of proteins coupled with mass spectrometry (CXMS), we developed a lysine-targeted enrichable cross-linker containing a biotin tag for affinity purification, a chemical cleavage site to separate cross-linked peptides away from biotin after enrichment, and a spacer arm that can be label...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Tan D,Li Q,Zhang MJ,Liu C,Ma C,Zhang P,Ding YH,Fan SB,Tao L,Yang B,Li X,Ma S,Liu J,Feng B,Liu X,Wang HW,He SM,Gao N,Ye K,Dong MQ,Lei X

更新日期：2016-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple studies have reported a male bias in incidence and/or prevalence of malaria infection in males compared to females. To test the hypothesis that sex-based differences in host-parasite interactions affect the epidemiology of malaria, we intensively followed Plasmodium falciparum infections in a cohort in a mala...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Briggs J,Teyssier N,Nankabirwa JI,Rek J,Jagannathan P,Arinaitwe E,Bousema T,Drakeley C,Murray M,Crawford E,Hathaway N,Staedke SG,Smith D,Rosenthal PJ,Kamya M,Dorsey G,Rodriguez-Barraquer I,Greenhouse B

更新日期：2020-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a pediatric malignacy of muscle with myogenic regulatory transcription factors MYOD and MYF5 being expressed in this disease. Consensus in the field has been that expression of these factors likely reflects the target cell of transformation rather than being required for continued tumor growt...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Tenente IM,Hayes MN,Ignatius MS,McCarthy K,Yohe M,Sindiri S,Gryder B,Oliveira ML,Ramakrishnan A,Tang Q,Chen EY,Petur Nielsen G,Khan J,Langenau DM

更新日期：2017-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Adult-born neurons are continually produced in the dentate gyrus but it is unclear whether synaptic integration of new neurons affects the pre-existing circuit. Here we investigated how manipulating neurogenesis in adult mice alters excitatory synaptic transmission to mature dentate neurons. Enhancing neurogenesis by ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Adlaf EW,Vaden RJ,Niver AJ,Manuel AF,Onyilo VC,Araujo MT,Dieni CV,Vo HT,King GD,Wadiche JI,Overstreet-Wadiche L

更新日期：2017-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are recently identified lymphocytes that limit infection and promote tissue repair at mucosal surfaces. However, the pathways underlying ILC development remain unclear. Here we show that the transcription factor NFIL3 directs the development of a committed bone marrow precursor that differ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Yu X,Wang Y,Deng M,Li Y,Ruhn KA,Zhang CC,Hooper LV

更新日期：2014-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Baboons, members of the genus Papio, comprise six closely related species distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa and southwest Arabia. The species exhibit more ecological flexibility and a wider range of social systems than many other primates. This article summarizes our current knowledge of the natural history of...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Fischer J,Higham JP,Alberts SC,Barrett L,Beehner JC,Bergman TJ,Carter AJ,Collins A,Elton S,Fagot J,Ferreira da Silva MJ,Hammerschmidt K,Henzi P,Jolly CJ,Knauf S,Kopp GH,Rogers J,Roos C,Ross C,Seyfarth RM,Silk J,

更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms underlying axon regeneration in mature neurons are relevant to the understanding of normal nervous system maintenance and for developing therapeutic strategies for injury. Here, we report novel pathways in axon regeneration, identified by extending our previous function-based screen using the C. elegans...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Kim KW,Tang NH,Piggott CA,Andrusiak MG,Park S,Zhu M,Kurup N,Cherra SJ 3rd,Wu Z,Chisholm AD,Jin Y

更新日期：2018-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulating cancer and stem cells are being increasingly appreciated. Its diverse mechanisms provide the regulatory network with a bigger repertoire to increase complexity. Here we report a novel LncRNA, Lnc34a, that is enriched in colon cancer stem cells (CCSCs) and initi...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Wang L,Bu P,Ai Y,Srinivasan T,Chen HJ,Xiang K,Lipkin SM,Shen X

更新日期：2016-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a monogenic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, resulting in defective CFTR-mediated chloride and bicarbonate transport, with dysregulation of epithelial sodium channels (ENaC). These changes alter fluid and electrolyte homeostasis...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Scambler T,Jarosz-Griffiths HH,Lara-Reyna S,Pathak S,Wong C,Holbrook J,Martinon F,Savic S,Peckham D,McDermott MF

更新日期：2019-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined records of 2566 consecutive COVID-19 patients at five Massachusetts hospitals and sought to predict level-of-care requirements based on clinical and laboratory data. Several classification methods were applied and compared against standard pneumonia severity scores. The need for hospitalization, IC...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Hao B,Sotudian S,Wang T,Xu T,Hu Y,Gaitanidis A,Breen K,Velmahos GC,Paschalidis IC

更新日期：2020-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:In most vertebrate neurons, action potentials are triggered at the distal end of the axon initial segment (AIS). Both position and length of the AIS vary across and within neuron types, with activity, development and pathology. What is the impact of AIS geometry on excitability? Direct empirical assessment has proven ...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Goethals S,Brette R

更新日期：2020-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Hippocampal oscillations are dynamic, with unique oscillatory frequencies present during different behavioral states. To examine the extent to which these oscillations reflect neuron engagement in distinct local circuit processes that are important for memory, we recorded single cell and local field potential activity...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Rangel LM,Rueckemann JW,Riviere PD,Keefe KR,Porter BS,Heimbuch IS,Budlong CH,Eichenbaum H

更新日期：2016-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Tuberculosis disproportionately affects the Canadian Inuit. To address this, it is imperative we understand transmission dynamics in this population. We investigate whether 'deep' sequencing can provide additional resolution compared to standard sequencing, using a well-characterized outbreak from the Arctic (2011-201...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Lee RS,Proulx JF,McIntosh F,Behr MA,Hanage WP

更新日期：2020-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Many pathogens possess the capacity for sex through outcrossing, despite being able to reproduce also asexually and/or via selfing. Given that sex is assumed to come at a cost, these mixed reproductive strategies typical of pathogens have remained puzzling. While the ecological and evolutionary benefits of outcrossing...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Laine AL,Barrès B,Numminen E,Siren JP

更新日期：2019-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of cultural processes to behavioural diversity in our closest living relatives is central to revealing the evolutionary origins of human culture. However, the bonobo is often overlooked as a candidate model. Further, a prominent critique to many examples of proposed animal cultures is premature exclusio...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Samuni L,Wegdell F,Surbeck M

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells and organelles are not homogeneous but include microcompartments that alter the spatiotemporal characteristics of cellular processes. The effects of microcompartmentation on metabolic pathways are however difficult to study experimentally. The pyrenoid is a microcompartment that is essential for a carbon concent...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Küken A,Sommer F,Yaneva-Roder L,Mackinder LC,Höhne M,Geimer S,Jonikas MC,Schroda M,Stitt M,Nikoloski Z,Mettler-Altmann T

更新日期：2018-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Computational models postulate that head-direction (HD) cells are part of an attractor network integrating head turns. This network requires inputs from visual landmarks to anchor the HD signal to the external world. We investigated whether information about HD and visual landmarks is integrated in the medial entorhin...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Kornienko O,Latuske P,Bassler M,Kohler L,Allen K

更新日期：2018-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The knirps (kni) locus encodes transcription factors required for induction of the L2 wing vein in Drosophila. Here, we employ diverse CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tools to generate a series of targeted lesions within the endogenous cis-regulatory module (CRM) required for kni expression in the L2 vein primordium. Pheno...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Xu XS,Gantz VM,Siomava N,Bier E

更新日期：2017-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Animals and humans replay neural patterns encoding trajectories through their environment, both whilst they solve decision-making tasks and during rest. Both on-task and off-task replay are believed to contribute to flexible decision making, though how their relative contributions differ remains unclear. We investigat...

journal_title：eLife

authors： Eldar E,Lièvre G,Dayan P,Dolan RJ

更新日期：2020-06-17 00:00:00