Abstract:
:How the positional values along the proximo-distal axis (stylopod-zeugopod-autopod) of the limb are specified is intensely debated. Early work suggested that cells intrinsically change their proximo-distal positional values by measuring time. Recently, however, it is suggested that instructive extrinsic signals from the trunk and apical ectodermal ridge specify the stylopod and zeugopod/autopod, respectively. Here, we show that the zeugopod and autopod are specified by an intrinsic timing mechanism. By grafting green fluorescent protein-expressing cells from early to late chick wing buds, we demonstrate that distal mesenchyme cells intrinsically time Hoxa13 expression, cell cycle parameters and the duration of the overlying apical ectodermal ridge. In addition, we reveal that cell affinities intrinsically change in the distal mesenchyme, which we suggest results in a gradient of positional values along the proximo-distal axis. We propose a complete model in which a switch from extrinsic signalling to intrinsic timing patterns the vertebrate limb.
journal_name
Nat Communjournal_title
Nature communicationsauthors
Saiz-Lopez P,Chinnaiya K,Campa VM,Delgado I,Ros MA,Towers Mdoi
10.1038/ncomms9108subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-09-18 00:00:00pages
8108issn
2041-1723pii
ncomms9108journal_volume
6pub_type
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