Abstract:
PURPOSE:This study investigated the isolated and combined effects of heat [temperate (22 °C/30 % rH) vs. hot (35 °C/40 % rH)] and hypoxia [sea level (FiO2 0.21) vs. moderate altitude (FiO2 0.15)] on exercise capacity and neuromuscular fatigue characteristics. METHODS:Eleven physically active subjects cycled to exhaustion at constant workload (66 % of the power output associated with their maximal oxygen uptake in temperate conditions) in four different environmental conditions [temperate/sea level (control), hot/sea level (hot), temperate/moderate altitude (hypoxia) and hot/moderate altitude (hot + hypoxia)]. Torque and electromyography (EMG) responses following electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve (plantar-flexion; soleus) were recorded before and 5 min after exercise. RESULTS:Time to exhaustion was reduced (P < 0.05) in hot (-35 ± 15 %) or hypoxia (-36 ± 14 %) compared to control (61 ± 28 min), while hot + hypoxia (-51 ± 20 %) further compromised exercise capacity (P < 0.05). However, the effect of temperature or altitude on end-exercise core temperature (P = 0.089 and P = 0.070, respectively) and rating of perceived exertion (P > 0.05) did not reach significance. Maximal voluntary contraction torque, voluntary activation (twitch interpolation) and peak twitch torque decreased from pre- to post-exercise (-9 ± 1, -4 ± 1 and -6 ± 1 % all trials compounded, respectively; P < 0.05), with no effect of the temperature or altitude. M-wave amplitude and root mean square activity were reduced (P < 0.05) in hot compared to temperate conditions, while normalized maximal EMG activity did not change. Altitude had no effect on any measured parameters. CONCLUSION:Moderate hypoxia in combination with heat stress reduces cycling time to exhaustion without modifying neuromuscular fatigue characteristics. Impaired oxygen delivery or increased cardiovascular strain, increasing relative exercise intensity, may have also contributed to earlier exercise cessation.
journal_name
Eur J Appl Physioljournal_title
European journal of applied physiologyauthors
Girard O,Racinais Sdoi
10.1007/s00421-014-2883-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
1521-32issue
7eissn
1439-6319issn
1439-6327journal_volume
114pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::Changes of venous compliance may contribute in part to postflight orthostatic intolerance. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether intermittent artificial gravity exposure with ergometric exercise could prevent venous compliance changes in the lower limbs due to simulated weightlessness. Twelve healt...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2083-0
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A routine method to determine total haemoglobin mass (tHb) in clinical practice and sports medicine is non-existent. Radioactive tracers or other dilution procedures like the common CO-rebreathing method (Proc(com)) are impractical, the latter in particular because of the relatively long time of respiration. According...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-005-0050-3
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSES:To investigate longitudinally (1) the contribution of morphological covariates to explaining the development of maximum cardiac output ([Formula: see text] max) and maximum arteriovenous oxygen difference (a-vO2 diff max), (2) sex differences in [Formula: see text] max and a-vO2 diff max once age, maturity sta...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04300-0
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We have argued that breathing 40 % O2 attenuates exercise hyperaemia by decreasing production of O2-dependent vasodilators. However, breathing 100 % O2 attenuated endothelium-dependent vasodilatation evoked by acetylcholine and this effect was prevented by vitamin C, implicating reactive oxygen species (ROS). W...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3182-0
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of the probiotic Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) on the exercise-induced disruption of gastrointestinal (GI) integrity and the associated release of damage and inflammatory markers. METHODS:After a pre-performance test, 19 untrained subjects...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04382-w
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine acute responses and recovery of force and serum hormones to combined endurance and strength loadings utilizing different orders of exercises before and after training. METHODS:Physically active men were matched to an order sequence of endurance followed by strength (E + S, n = 12) or strength follow...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-013-2813-6
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study systematically examined the role of work rate (WR) increment on the kinetics of pulmonary oxygen uptake (VO(2p)) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived muscle deoxygenation (Δ[HHb]) during moderate-intensity (Mod) cycling. Fourteen males (24 ± 5 years) each completed four to eight repetitions of Mod ...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2460-3
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Autonomic assessment might be useful in training management. We planned to assess whether oscillatory metrics of RR variability (such as LFnu) would be more efficient than static indices from low order statistics (RR variance) at discriminating laying rest from stand posture, as an analog of a shift to sympathe...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3337-7
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Walking is a complex locomotor process that involves both spinal cord reflexes and cortical integration of peripheral nerve input. Maintaining an upright body position requires not only neuromuscular activity but also cardiovascular regulation. We postulated that plantar mechanical stimulation might modulate au...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3479-7
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although pacing-related research is widely reported, no studies have described the consistency of pacing strategies or their associated energetic contributions. This study aimed to investigate the consistency of pacing and energetic outlay by establishing the typical within and between trial variations during simulate...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1818-7
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differences in physiological functioning in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex axis and the autonomic nervous system have been suggested to contribute to many of the health differences that may be observed between men and women as well as being relevant for the development of musculoskeletal pain. To clarify wh...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0939-8
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to quantify the influence of head-up-tilt (HUT) on the isocapnic hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) in man, and to investigate the effect of orthostatic blood shifts separately from other gravitational effects by the application of lower-body negative pressure (LBNP) with subjects in a horizo...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004210050070
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Dietary nitrate (NO3 (-)) supplementation reduces the O2 cost of fixed-workload tasks performed in temperate environments but has not been examined in the heat. If this effect were retained it could reduce heatstroke risk in military personnel that are deployed for desert combat. METHODS:Nine men completed thr...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3255-0
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::When muscle is artificially activated, as with electromyostimulation (EMS), action potentials are evoked in both intramuscular nerve branches and cutaneous receptors, therefore activating spinal motoneurons reflexively. Maximal soleus and gastrocnemii H- and T-reflex and the respective mechanical output were thus quan...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-003-0914-3
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Force generated between the left mandible of violinists and the chinrest of the violin was examined using a force-sensing chinrest developed in this study. A strain-gauge force sensor was built, and it was fixed between the violin's top plate and a chin cup. Fifteen professional/amateur violinists held the violin stat...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2178-7
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this report was to analyse a potential role for FGF6 in muscle resistance to mechanical stress. Normal or regenerating muscles of FGF6 (-/-) mice versus wild-type mice were submitted to different protocols of damaging eccentric contractions (eccentric electrostimulation and intermittent downhill exerc...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1784-0
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used the direct Fick measurements to validate a method for estimating cardiac output by iteratively fitting VCO(2) at the mouth to lung model values. This model was run using a series of 50, 30 and 10 breaths to test sensitivity to number of breaths used for fitting. The lung was treated as a catenary two-compartme...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-005-1376-6
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Loading of the low back tissues induces tension-relaxation in the viscoelastic connective tissues. The extent to which repetitive loading influences the muscle activation and subsequent muscle force production has not been fully explored. The purpose of this study was to examine the myoelectric activity of the trunk m...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1742-x
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We investigated the effect of the racemic β-hydroxybutyrate precursor, R,S-1,3-butanediol (BD), on T-cell-related cytokine gene expression within stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) following prolonged, strenuous exercise. METHODS:A repeated-measures, randomised, crossover study was conducted ...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04263-x
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an ultra-marathon on heart rate variability (HRV) and psychometric indices in endurance runners. In addition, we aimed to determine the magnitude of change and subsequent recovery for 7 days following the race. METHODS:Recreationally trained runners (n = 1...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04187-6
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mental fatigue, characterized by a subjective feeling of tiredness, on the development of neuromuscular fatigue during a 4-km cycling time trial (4-km TT). METHODS:Eight recreationally trained male cyclists performed a 4-km TT after either performing ...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3974-0
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The unwanted variability in dynamometric measurements limits accurate interpretation of these measurements. Although unpredictable variability in measurements has been identified repeatedly, few studies have investigated strategies for reducing measurement error. This study investigated the effect of preload on variab...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-001-0557-1
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Several studies have shown that the augmentation index (AIx) is negatively correlated with heart rate (HR). This led some authors to claim that the use of HR-lowering drugs may be detrimental in hypertension. The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal and cross-sectional relationships of HR with AIx a...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3789-4
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) at selected acupoints on enhancing the rate of muscle force recovery after strenuous knee extension/flexion exercise. Ten male and seven female healthy young adults participated in this study in which they perform...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0463-2
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate how much the distance between stimulation electrodes affects the knee extension torque in tetanic, electrically elicited contractions. METHODS:Current pulses of progressively larger amplitude, from 0 mA to maximally tolerated intensities, were delivered at 20 pps to...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3289-3
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sixteen male students exercised for 14 days (1 h/day) in the heat for heat acclimation (HA). During deacclimation (DA) one group exercised in the cold (EXG, n=8) for 60 min/day (morning) and was exposed to the cold for another hour (afternoon) for 14 days. The other group was exposed to the cold (EPG, n=8) for 1 h eac...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-005-0012-9
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of our study was to compare long distance runners to body mass index (BMI)- and age-matched healthy controls with respect to bone parameters at all relevant loaded and nonloaded skeletal sites. Furthermore, we assessed the effect of running volume on bone parameters. Twenty elite male runners (21.1 km<1:15 h; ...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-005-0060-1
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:In tachymetabolic species, metabolic rate increases disproportionately with body mass, and that inter-specific relationship is typically modelled allometrically. However, intra-specific analyses are less common, particularly for healthy humans, so the possibility that human metabolism would also scale allometri...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04515-1
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trends in industry are leaning toward stereotyped jobs with low workloads. Physical variation is an intervention to reduce fatigue and potentially musculoskeletal disorders in such jobs. Controlled laboratory studies have provided some insight into the effectiveness of physical variation, but very few have been devote...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2375-z
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The thermal insulation properties of a military wet/cold protection glove of the German Bundeswehr were investigated using the thermophysiological simulation device CYBOR with a heated full-scale hand model. The aim of this study was the physiology related and more reliable estimation of a database for the thermal com...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0660-z
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00