Abstract：
PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate how much the distance between stimulation electrodes affects the knee extension torque in tetanic, electrically elicited contractions. METHODS:Current pulses of progressively larger amplitude, from 0 mA to maximally tolerated intensities, were delivered at 20 pps to the vastus medialis, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscles of ten, healthy male subjects. Four inter-electrode distances were tested: 32.5% (L1), 45.0% (L2), 57.5% (L3) and 70% (L4) of the distance between the patella apex and the anterior superior iliac spine. The maximal knee extension torque and the current leading to the maximal torque were measured and compared between electrode configurations. RESULTS:The maximal current tolerated by each participant ranged from 60 to 100 mA and did not depend on the inter-electrode distance. The maximal knee extension torque elicited did not differ between L3 and L4 (P = 0.15) but, for both conditions, knee torque was significantly greater than for L1 and L2 (P < 0.024). On average, the extension torque elicited for L3 and L4 was two to three times greater than that obtained for L1 and L2. The current leading to maximal torque was not as sensitive to inter-electrode distance. Except for L1 current intensity did not change with electrode configuration (P > 0.16). CONCLUSIONS:Key results presented here revealed that for a given stimulation intensity, knee extension torque increased dramatically with the distance between electrodes. The distance between electrodes seems therefore to critically affect knee torque, with potential implication for optimising exercise protocols based on electrical stimulation.
journal_name
Eur J Appl Physioljournal_title
European journal of applied physiologyauthors
Vieira TM,Potenza P,Gastaldi L,Botter Adoi
10.1007/s00421-015-3289-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-02-01 00:00:00pages
335-42issue
2eissn
1439-6319issn
1439-6327pii
10.1007/s00421-015-3289-3journal_volume
116pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Cardiopulmonary exercise test is the gold standard for the identification of the ventilatory compensation point (VCP), an important threshold for exercise training prescription. We hypothesized that changes in the slope of increment in minute ventilation (V'(E)) over heart rate (HR) during incremental exercise can be ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-008-0777-8
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of superimposed electromyostimulation (E) during cycling on the acute hormonal and metabolic response, as E might be a useful tool to intensify endurance training without performing high external workloads. METHODS:Thirteen subjects participated in t...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-014-2952-4
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 'dissection' of energy expenditure of cycling into the metabolic equivalent of the different forms of mechanical work done, inaugurated 30 years ago by di Prampero and collaborators, has been much debated in the last few decades. The mechanical internal work, particularly, which is currently associated to the move...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00421-010-1434-6
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drowsiness and increased tendency to fall asleep during daytime is still a generally underestimated problem. An increased tendency to fall asleep limits the efficiency at work and substantially increases the risk of accidents. Reduced alertness is difficult to assess, particularly under real life settings. Most of the...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-003-0807-5
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Yoga induces long-term changes in respiratory function and control. We tested whether it represents a successful strategy for high-altitude adaptation. We compared ventilatory, cardiovascular and hematological parameters in: 12 Caucasian yoga trainees and 12 control sea-level residents, at baseline and after 2-week ex...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-006-0373-8
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim was to investigate the effect of high-volume low intensity resistance training protocol combined with endurance training on plasma neuropeptide Y (NPY) concentration in rowers. Additionally, leptin and ghrelin, as markers for body energy balance concentrations, were monitored. 12 highly trained national and in...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-011-2166-y
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breath-hold divers report transient, severe neurological symptoms that could be caused by arterial gas embolism after glossopharyngeal insufflation. This technique is often used to overinflate the lungs and stretch the chest prior to breath-holding and can increase the transpulmonary pressure to around 7-8 kPa, so int...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-012-2494-6
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the consequences of a high-speed boat transit on physical performance. Twenty-four Royal Marines were randomly assigned to a control (CON) or transit (TRAN) group. The CON group sat onshore for 3 h whilst the TRAN group completed a 3-h transit in open-boats running side-by-...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-010-1765-3
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by the absence of a functional dystrophin protein and is modeled by the mdx mouse. The mdx mouse suffers an early necrotic bout in the hind limb muscles lasting from approximately 4 to 7 weeks. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the extent to which dystrophin...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-011-1906-3
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to determine metabolic and respiratory adaptations during intense exercise and improvement of long-sprint performance following six sessions of long-sprint training. Nine subjects performed before and after training (1) a 300-m test, (2) an incremental exercise up to exhaustion to determine the veloci...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-011-2018-9
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Changes in mean skin temperature (Tsk) have been shown to modify the maximum rate of sweat ion reabsorption. This study aims to extend this knowledge by investigating if modifications could also be caused by local Tsk. METHODS:The influence of local Tsk on the sweat gland maximum ion reabsorption rates was inv...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-018-04059-5
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decompression sickness is initiated by gas bubbles formed during decompression, and it has been generally accepted that exercise before decompression causes increased bubble formation. There are indications that exercise-induced muscle injury seems to be involved. Trauma-induced skeletal muscle injury and vigorous exe...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-012-2537-z
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed at determining the influence of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism on muscle strength and muscle endurance in non-athletic young men. METHODS:266 healthy young men were included in this study. Each subject performed maximal isometric, concentric and eccentric contractions of the knee extensor muscle...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-015-3144-6
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A mathematical description of the regulation of ATP production in muscle cells is presented whereby the activity of OxP can be calculated as a function of (1) free [ADP] as the substrate and (2) a second driving force PhiDelta G (kilojoules per mole) resulting from the difference of free energy Delta G(ox,ap) (kilojou...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00421-002-0676-3
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated the effect of non-uniform skin temperature distribution on thermoregulatory responses and subjective thermal sensation during water immersion. Ten healthy male subjects carried out 60 min water immersion twice, once with uniform (UST) and once with non-uniform (NUST) skin temperature. In...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-008-0714-x
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prolonged, strenuous exercise may lead to suppressive effects on the immune system, which might be responsible for a greater susceptibility to opportunistic infections. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of carbohydrate substitution (CHS) during prolonged, strenuous exercise on neutrophil granulocytes ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-002-0642-0
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:An Ironman triathlon is associated with changes in body composition as well as decreases in neuromuscular function. While the changes in body composition occurring during an Ironman are well investigated, comprehensive data on the changes in neuromuscular performance are scarce. In the present study, we investi...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-014-3051-2
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Energy system contribution during cross-country (XC) skiing races is dependent on several factors, including the race duration, track profile, and sub-techniques applied, and their subsequent effects on the use of the upper and lower body. This review provides a scientific synopsis of the interactions of energy system...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00421-019-04158-x
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different types of active warm-up stimuli of muscle activation on explosive jumping performance after short (5 min postwarm-up) and long (6 h postwarm-up) recovery periods following warm-up. Twelve trained volleyball players (21-24 years) performed different types o...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-007-0440-9
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared the cardiorespiratory response and muscle recruitment [as determined by electromyography (EMG)] of 37 McArdle patients [19 males, 37.4 ± 2.8 years, body mass index (BMI): 25.1 ± 4.7 kg m(-2)] and 33 healthy controls (18 males, 36.4 ± 10.0 years, BMI: 25.7 ± 3.8 kg m(-2)) during cycle-ergometer exercise (an...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-010-1585-5
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In rodents, endurance training increases leptin sensitivity in skeletal muscle; however, little is known about the effects of exercise on the leptin signalling system in human skeletal muscle. Thus, to determine whether chronic muscle loading increases leptin receptor (OB-R170) protein expression, body composition dua...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-009-1281-5
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine the timecourse of recovery of immunoendocrine responses following prolonged cycling. With the approval of the Ethics Committee, ten healthy men (age 21.6+/-0.9 years, height 1.77+/-0.01 m, body mass 66.9+/-1.8 kg, VO2max 54.2+/-2.0 ml kg(-1) min(-1); means+/-SEM) performed either...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-007-0529-1
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) increases local blood flow. It is not known whether increase in blood flow may be caused by inhibition of sympathetic activity, mediated by muscle metaboreflex activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of TENS on metaboreflex activation and heart ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-011-2084-z
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the effects of intensive, moderate and downhill treadmill running on blood lymphocyte expression of adhesion/activation (AA) molecules. Trained subjects completed three treadmill-running protocols of identical duration: (1) an intensive protocol at 80% VO2max to volitional exhaustion, (2) a moderat...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-006-0146-4
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of upper and lower body high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) on immunometabolism profile. METHODS:Seven male judo athletes completed two experimental sessions separated by at least 48 h. The athletes completed four bouts of the upper and lower body Win...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-015-3127-7
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously reported the unique regional responses of facial skin blood flow (SkBF) to oral application of the basic tastes without simultaneous systemic circulatory changes. In the present study, we determined whether a systemic circulatory challenge due to sympathetic activation induces regional differences i...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00421-012-2522-6
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine the effects of lower-limb unilateral resistance exercise on central and peripheral arterial stiffness, thirteen participants (7 male and 6 female, mean age = 21.5 +/- 0.7 years) performed leg press exercise using their dominant leg. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was used to measure central (carotid to femoral) ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-006-0259-9
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the influence of prior endurance exercise on hormonal responses to subsequent resistance exercise. Ten males exercised on a cycle ergometer at 50% of maximal oxygen uptake for 60 min and subsequently completed a resistance exercise (bench and leg press, four sets at ten repetitions maximum with an ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-004-1296-x
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Improving endurance capacity leads to increased athletic performance and active lifestyles. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the intake of red grape leaf extract (RGLE), used as a traditional herbal medicine in the Mediterranean area, on endurance capacity in mice. Male BALB/c mice were divided i...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-011-1826-2
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Appropriate technique choice may affect ski performance. V2 ski skating technique has in recent years become more widely applied on uphill terrain where V1 technique has typically been used. This investigation compared physiological responses of skiers using V1 and V2 techniques during uphill treadmill roller-skiing. ...
journal_title：European journal of applied physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00421-005-1332-5
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
