Abstract:
:A numerical pressure loss model previously used for adult human airways has been modified to simulate the inhalation pressure distribution in a healthy 9-month-old infant lung morphology model. Pressure distributions are calculated for air as well as helium and xenon mixtures with oxygen to investigate the effects of gas density and viscosity variations for this age group. The results indicate that there are significant pressure losses in infant extrathoracic airways due to inertial effects leading to much higher pressures to drive nominal flows in the infant airway model than for an adult airway model. For example, the pressure drop through the nasopharynx model of the infant is much greater than that for the nasopharynx model of the adult; that is, for the adult-versus-child the pressure differences are 0.08 cm H2O versus 0.4 cm H2O, 0.16 cm H2O versus 1.9 cm H2O and 0.4 cm H2O versus 7.7 cm H2O, breathing helium-oxygen (78/22%), nitrogen-oxygen (78/22%) and xenon-oxygen (60/40%), respectively. Within the healthy lung, viscous losses are of the same order for the three gas mixtures, so the differences in pressure distribution are relatively small.
journal_name
Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Enginauthors
Gouinaud L,Katz I,Martin A,Hazebroucq J,Texereau J,Caillibotte Gdoi
10.1080/10255842.2014.903932subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
1358-66issue
12eissn
1025-5842issn
1476-8259journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract::To extend the use of computational techniques like finite element analysis to clinical settings, it would be beneficial to have the ability to generate a unique model for every subject quickly and efficiently. This work is an extension of two previously developed mapped meshing tools that utilised force and displaceme...
journal_title:Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering
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journal_title:Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering
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journal_title:Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering
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