Selective attention in the honeybee optic lobes precedes behavioral choices.

abstract：:The electrical transport through self-assembled monolayers of alkanedithiols was studied in large-area molecular junctions and described by the Simmons model [Simmons JG (1963) J Appl Phys 34:1793-1803 and 2581-2590] for tunneling through a practical barrier, i.e., a rectangular barrier with the image potential includ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Akkerman HB,Naber RC,Jongbloed B,van Hal PA,Blom PW,de Leeuw DM,de Boer B

更新日期：2007-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Placental abnormalities occur frequently in cloned animals. Here, we attempted to isolate trophoblast stem (TS) cells from mouse blastocysts produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) at the blastocyst stage (NT blastocysts). Despite the predicted deficiency of the trophoblast cell lineage, we succeeded in isolati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oda M,Tanaka S,Yamazaki Y,Ohta H,Iwatani M,Suzuki M,Ohgane J,Hattori N,Yanagimachi R,Wakayama T,Shiota K

更新日期：2009-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Arginine is an amino acid that serves as a substrate for nitric oxide synthase and arginase. As such, arginine has the potential to influence diverse fundamental processes in the lung. Here we report that the arginine transport protein, cationic amino acid transporter (CAT)2, has a critical role in regulating lung inf...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rothenberg ME,Doepker MP,Lewkowich IP,Chiaramonte MG,Stringer KF,Finkelman FD,MacLeod CL,Ellies LG,Zimmermann N

更新日期：2006-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The C terminus of transcription factor NusA from Escherichia coli comprises two repeat units, which bind during antitermination to protein N from phage lambda. To delineate the structural basis of the NusA-lambdaN interaction, we attempted to crystallize the NusA C-terminal repeats in complex with a lambdaN peptide (r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bonin I,Mühlberger R,Bourenkov GP,Huber R,Bacher A,Richter G,Wahl MC

更新日期：2004-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungi that are resistant or sensitive to the singlet oxygen-generating toxin cercosporin were assayed for their ability to detoxify it by reduction. Cercosporin reduction was assayed microscopically by using bandpass filters to differentiate between fluorescence emission from cercosporin and reduced cercosporin. Hypha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Daub ME,Leisman GB,Clark RA,Bowden EF

更新日期：1992-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We present an algorithm to generate complete evolutionary profiles that represent the topology of the molecular phylogenetic tree of the homologous group. The method, based on the multidimensional QR factorization of numerically encoded multiple sequence alignments, removes redundancy from the alignments and orders th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sethi A,O'Donoghue P,Luthey-Schulten Z

更新日期：2005-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) gene is a neural immediate early gene that is involved in synaptic downscaling and is robustly induced by prolonged wakefulness in rodent brains. Converging evidence has led to the hypothesis that wakefulness potentiates, and sleep reduces, synaptic strength...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suzuki A,Yanagisawa M,Greene RW

更新日期：2020-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:I discuss two exotic objects that must be experimentally identified in chiral superfluids and superconductors. These are (i) the vortex with a fractional quantum number (N = 1/2 in chiral superfluids, and N = 1/2 and N = 1/4 in chiral superconductors), which plays the part of the Alice string in relativistic theories ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Volovik GE

更新日期：2000-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Filipin, digitonin, and saponin react with membrane cholesterol to produce unique membrane alterations (sterol-specific complexes) that are easily discernible in freeze-fracture replicas. We have treated both noninnervated and innervated Xenopus embryonic muscle cells in culture with these agents. Freeze-fracture of t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bridgman PC,Nakajima Y

更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The liver provides for long-term energy needs of the body by converting excess carbohydrate into fat for storage. Insulin is one factor that promotes hepatic lipogenesis, but there is increasing evidence that glucose also contributes to the coordinated regulation of carbohydrate and fat metabolism in liver by mechanis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Iizuka K,Bruick RK,Liang G,Horton JD,Uyeda K

更新日期：2004-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:In nine patients with GM1 gangliosidosis, liver ganglioside GM1 beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) activity ranged from less than 0.01% to 0.05% of normal. In a tenth patient's liver, much higher activity was found (0.5% of normal). In this patient the residual enzyme had the same molecular weight as beta-galactosidase ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Norden AG,O'Brien JS

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we solve several boundary value problems for the Helmholtz equation on polygonal domains. We observe that when the problems are formulated as the boundary integral equations of potential theory, the solutions are representable by series of appropriately chosen Bessel functions. In addition to being analy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Serkh K,Rokhlin V

更新日期：2016-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Phototropin is a blue light photoreceptor for tropic responses, relocation of chloroplasts, and stomata opening in plants. Phototropin has two chromophoric domains named light-oxygen-voltage-sensing (LOV) 1 and 2 in the N-terminal half, and a serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinase motif in the C-terminal half. Conc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matsuoka D,Tokutomi S

更新日期：2005-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:MacArthur and Wilson [MacArthur, R. H. & Wilson, E. O. (1967) The Theory of Island Biogeography (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ)] used the rate of recolonization of the Krakatau Islands (sterilized in the cataclysmic 1883 eruption) by birds and vascular plants to test their equilibrium model of immigration and e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thornton IW,Zann RA,Rawlinson PA,Tidemann CR,Adikerana AS,Widjoya AH

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spermiogenesis is a series of poorly understood morphological, physiological and biochemical processes that occur during the transition of immotile spermatids into motile, fertilization-competent spermatozoa. Here, we identified a Serpin (serine protease inhibitor) family protein (As_SRP-1) that is secreted from sperm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhao Y,Sun W,Zhang P,Chi H,Zhang MJ,Song CQ,Ma X,Shang Y,Wang B,Hu Y,Hao Z,Hühmer AF,Meng F,L'hernault SW,He SM,Dong MQ,Miao L

更新日期：2012-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a member of the family of intermediate filament structural proteins and is found predominantly in astrocytes of the central nervous system (CNS). To assess the function of GFAP, we created GFAP-null mice using gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. The GFAP-null mice have nor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McCall MA,Gregg RG,Behringer RR,Brenner M,Delaney CL,Galbreath EJ,Zhang CL,Pearce RA,Chiu SY,Messing A

更新日期：1996-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:T cells are essential for immune defenses against pathogens, such that viability of naïve T cells before antigen encounter is critical to preserve a polyclonal repertoire and prevent immunodeficiencies. The viability of naïve T cells before antigen recognition is ensured by IL-7, which drives expression of the prosurv...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miller ML,Mashayekhi M,Chen L,Zhou P,Liu X,Michelotti M,Tramontini Gunn N,Powers S,Zhu X,Evaristo C,Alegre ML,Molinero LL

更新日期：2014-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Oriented assemblies of small crystals forming larger structures are common in nature and crucial for forthcoming technologies as they circumvent the difficulties of structural manipulation at microscopic scale. We have discovered two distinctive concentric assemblies of zinc oxide rods, wherein each rod has an intrins...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gautam UK,Imura M,Rout CS,Bando Y,Fang X,Dierre B,Sakharov L,Govindaraj A,Sekiguchi T,Golberg D,Rao CN

更新日期：2010-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Vasectomy is a well accepted global contraceptive approach frequently associated with epididymal granuloma and sperm autoantibody formation. To understand the long-term sequelae of vasectomy, we investigated the early immune response in vasectomized mice. Vasectomy leads to rapid epithelial cell apoptosis and necrosis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wheeler K,Tardif S,Rival C,Luu B,Bui E,Del Rio R,Teuscher C,Sparwasser T,Hardy D,Tung KS

更新日期：2011-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Integrin-dependent adhesions mediate reciprocal exchange of force and information between the cell and the extracellular matrix. These effects are attributed to the "focal adhesion clutch," in which moving actin filaments transmit force to integrins via dynamic protein interactions. To elucidate these processes, we me...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Driscoll TP,Ahn SJ,Huang B,Kumar A,Schwartz MA

更新日期：2020-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Eccentricity, obliquity, and precession are cyclic parameters of the Earth's orbit whose climatic implications have been widely demonstrated on recent and short time intervals. Amplitude modulations of these parameters on million-year time scales induce "grand orbital cycles," but the behavior and the paleoenvironment...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Martinez M,Dera G

更新日期：2015-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficacy of active immunization with the cocaine immunogen GNC-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) in preventing cocaine self-administration reinstatement was assessed in rats. An animal model of relapse was used where rats were trained to self-administer cocaine, subjected to a period of extinction by substituting th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carrera MR,Ashley JA,Zhou B,Wirsching P,Koob GF,Janda KD

更新日期：2000-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously identified by cDNA cloning 5 mRNAs that appear in resting BALB/c 3T3 cells soon after growth stimulation by serum or platelet-derived growth factor. Five additional mRNAs of this class are described in this report. The mRNAs reached peak levels between 40 and 120 min after serum addition and rapidly...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lau LF,Nathans D

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the distributions of short tandemly repeated DNAs (microsatellites) in nine complete microbial genomes (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Archaeoglobus fulgidus, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Helicobacter pylori, Methanococcus jannaschii, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, M. genitalium, and Synechocystis PCC6803....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Field D,Wills C

更新日期：1998-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Split GFPs have been widely applied for monitoring protein-protein interactions by expressing GFPs as two or more constituent parts linked to separate proteins that only fluoresce on complementing with one another. Although this complementation is typically irreversible, it has been shown previously that light acceler...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin CY,Both J,Do K,Boxer SG

更新日期：2017-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:A family of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, DNA recombination, and the detection of DNA damage has been recently identified. One of the members of this family, human ATM, is defective in the cells of patients with ataxia telangiectasia and is involved in detection and response of cells to damaged DNA. Oth...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cimprich KA,Shin TB,Keith CT,Schreiber SL

更新日期：1996-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Involution of the thymus is accompanied by a decline in the number of thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and a severely restricted peripheral repertoire of T-cell specificities. TECs are essential for T-cell differentiation; they originate from a bipotent progenitor that gives rise to cells of cortical (cTEC) and medullar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rode I,Boehm T

更新日期：2012-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the CB2 receptor is apparently an endogenous protective mechanism. Thus, it restrains inflammation and protects the skeleton against age-related bone loss. However, the endogenous cannabinoids, as well as Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, the main plant psychoactive constituent, activate both cannabinoid recept...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smoum R,Baraghithy S,Chourasia M,Breuer A,Mussai N,Attar-Namdar M,Kogan NM,Raphael B,Bolognini D,Cascio MG,Marini P,Pertwee RG,Shurki A,Mechoulam R,Bab I

更新日期：2015-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the effects of food restriction (FR) and substitution of fish oil (FO; omega 3) for corn oil (CO; omega 6) on breast tumor incidence and survival in mouse mammary tumor virus/v-Ha-ras transgenic (Onco) mice. The diets were as follows: group 1, 5% (wt/wt) CO fed ad libitum (AL); group 2, 5% CO, restrict...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fernandes G,Chandrasekar B,Troyer DA,Venkatraman JT,Good RA

更新日期：1995-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Analysis of variations in the concentrations or structures of biomolecules (e.g., mRNAs, proteins, peptides, natural products) that occur either naturally or in response to environmental or genetic perturbations can provide important insight into complex biological processes. Many biological samples are mixtures that ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yao S,Anex DS,Caldwell WB,Arnold DW,Smith KB,Schultz PG

更新日期：1999-05-11 00:00:00