Abstract：
:In the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis, specialized cells called heterocysts occur in a regular pattern along the filament and are the sites of nitrogen fixation. We used two different types of DNA-excess RNA hybridization techniques to estimate the number of genes expressed in recently differentiated, mature heterocysts. In the first, RNA and DNA were incubated in a phosphate buffer at 60 degrees C, and the hybrids were separated from the unhybridized material by hydroxylapatite chromatography. In the second, the nucleic acids were incubated at 50 degrees C in a buffer containing 50% formamide, and the fraction of DNA in duplexes was assayed by S1 nuclease digestion. Both techniques revealed that approximately 65% of the A. variabilis genome was expressed in vegetative cells and 45% of the genome was expressed in heterocysts. Two experiments were conducted to estimate the number of heterocyst-specific mRNA transcripts. In one, hybridization of heterocyst RNA to a null DNA probe (DNA not transcribed in vegetative cells) revealed that heterocyst-specific transcripts were encoded by 25% of the DNA sense strand, representing approximately 1,000 genes (assuming each to be 1,500 nucleotides in length). The second approach, in which total cell DNA was hybridized to a mixture of heterocyst and vegetative cell RNA, indicated that 14.7% of the DNA sense strand, or about 600 genes, was transcribed exclusively in the heterocyst. The remaining 900 to 1,300 transcripts present in the heterocyst appeared to be constitutively produced in both vegetative cells and heterocysts. The heterocyst-specific transcripts were present in abundant copies in the cell, while transcripts that occurred in both cell types were present at much lower frequency.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Lynn ME,Bantle JA,Ownby JDdoi
10.1128/jb.167.3.940-946.1986subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-09-01 00:00:00pages
940-6issue
3eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
167pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The force required to rupture bonds between individual Staphylococcus aureus MSCRAMMs and surfaces coated with extracellular matrix molecules has been quantified by using optical tweezers. The observed binding forces between fibrinogen or fibronectin and S. aureus MSCRAMMs occurred as an approximate integer multiple o...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/jb.185.6.2031-2035.2003
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) and pyrimidine ribonucleoside triphosphates on Escherichia coli aspartate transcarbamylase (ATCase) synthesis were examined. To determine the effect of ppGpp, a stringent (relA+) and relaxed (relA) isogenic pair of E. coli K-12 strains was starved for isoleucine, and the...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.153.2.998-1007.1983
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dehalococcoides species are key players in the anaerobic transformation of halogenated solvents at contaminated sites. Here, we analyze isotopologue distributions in amino acid pools from peptides of Dehalococcoides strain CBDB1 after incubation with (13)C-labeled acetate or bicarbonate as a carbon source. The resulti...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.00049-12
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twelve different dominant negative mutants of the Escherichia coli nucleoid-associated protein, H-NS, have been selected and characterized in vivo. The mutants are all severely defective in promoter repression activity in a strain lacking H-NS, and they all disrupt the repression normally exerted by H-NS at two of its...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/jb.178.15.4335-4343.1996
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A fusion between the pCloDF13-derived bacteriocin release protein and beta-lactamase was constructed to investigate the subcellular localization and posttranslational modification of the bacteriocin release protein in Escherichia coli. The signal sequence and 25 of the 28 amino acid residues of the mature bacteriocin ...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/jb.169.5.2245-2250.1987
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of mitochondrial biogenesis in yeast have been hampered by a lack of suitable membrane markers in anaerobically grown cells subsequently grown in air. Cytochrome c peroxidase activity and subcellular location was studied to determine whether it would be a useful marker for an analysis of mitochondrial formatio...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.94.4.1225-1235.1967
更新日期：1967-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Developmental expression of the Myxococcus xanthus gene 4521 requires extracellular A-signal. This signal is generated in response to nutrient limitation and functions in cell density sensing. To identify the upstream limit of the minimum region required in vivo for A-signal-dependent 4521 expression, a 5' deletion an...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/jb.177.16.4645-4651.1995
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methanomonas methanooxidans incorporates both carbon atoms of acetate into the glutamate and aspartate families of amino acids during growth on methane; carbon dioxide is also evolved from both carbon atoms of acetate. The distribution of carboxyl-labeled acetate incorporated into convalently bound glutamate is consis...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.123.1.380-381.1975
更新日期：1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When dl-isoleucine was added to an ammonium nitrate-maltose medium during cultivation of Streptomyces sp. 732, quinomycin B formation was selectively enhanced (from 3 to 70% of the quinomycin mixture) and quinomycin C synthesis was inhibited completely. In addition, two new quinomycins, designated quinomycins D and E,...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.93.4.1327-1331.1967
更新日期：1967-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Compared with the other class B multimodular penicillin- binding proteins (PBPs), the low-affinity PBP5 responsible for penicillin resistance in Enterococcus hirae R40, has an extended non-penicillin-binding module because of the presence of an approximately 110-amino-acid E-46(-)D-160 insert downstream from the membr...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/jb.178.6.1774-1775.1996
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genetics of antibiotic resistance in mutant strains of Streptococcus pyrogenes was studied. Utilizing a type 6 strain (9440) primarily resistant to strepttomycin (Strr), classes of mutant strains were isolated that were resistant to one of the following antibiotics: rifampin (Rifr), erythromycin (Eryr), thiostrept...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.133.2.852-859.1978
更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Helicobacter pylori must be able to rapidly respond to fluctuating conditions within the stomach. Despite this need for constant adaptation, H. pylori encodes few regulatory proteins. Of the identified regulators, the ferric uptake regulator (Fur), the nickel response regulator (NikR), and the two-component ...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.00324-16
更新日期：2016-08-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The kil-kor regulon of the self-transmissible, broad-host-range plasmid RK2 is a unique network with eight coregulated operons. Among the genes encoded by the kil-kor regulon are trfA, which encodes the replication initiator, and several kil loci (kilA, kilB, kilC, and kilE), each of which is lethal to the host cell i...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/jb.175.8.2423-2435.1993
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gene GK3045 (741 bp) from Geobacillus kaustophilus HTA426 was cloned, sequenced, and overexpressed into Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3). The deduced protein was a 30-kDa monomeric esterase with high homology to carboxylesterases from Geobacillus thermoleovorans NY (99% identity) and Geobacillus stearothermophilus (...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.01060-08
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Azotobacter vinelandii was grown diazotrophically in chemostat cultures limited by sucrose, citrate, or acetate. Specific activities of cellular oxygen consumption (qO2) and nitrogenase (acetylene reduction) were measured in situ at different dilution rates (D, representing the specific growth rate mu at steady state)...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/jb.170.11.5325-5329.1988
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arginine utilization in Pseudomonas aeruginosa with multiple catabolic pathways represents one of the best examples of the metabolic versatility of this organism. To identify genes involved in arginine catabolism, we have employed DNA microarrays to analyze the transcriptional profiles of this organism in response to ...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.00261-07
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Escherichia coli rho 026 mutation that alters the transcription termination protein Rho prevents growth of wild-type bacteriophage T4. Among the consequences of this mutation are delayed and reduced T4 DNA replication. We show that these defects can be explained by defective synthesis of certain T4 replication-rec...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/jb.171.7.3872-3880.1989
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell division of Escherichia coli K-12 strain PA3092 was inhibited by the addition of adenosine 3',5'-phosphate (cAMP), and the cellular morphology was changed from rods into filaments. Nucleoids in the filaments were regularly distributed and septum formation was perfectly inhibited. This inhibition of cell division ...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.147.3.1105-1109.1981
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Garrett et al. (Mol. Gen. Genet. 182:326-331, 1981) constructed strains of Escherichia coli harboring derivatives of plasmid pBR322 that carry the lysis genes (S, R, and Rz) of phage lambda. The plasmid construction placed the genes under control of the lactose operon operator-promotor (and thus of lac repressor). Ind...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.158.1.354-356.1984
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estrada-Parra, Sergio (Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, México, D.F., México), Abel Zamora, and L. F. Bojalil. Immunochemistry of the group-specific polysaccharide of Nocardia brasiliensis. J. Bacteriol. 90:571-574. 1965.-The group-specific polysaccharide of Nocardia brasiliensis was further purified, yielding...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.90.3.571-574.1965
更新日期：1965-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thin pili of the closely related IncI1 plasmids ColIb-P9 and R64 are required only for liquid mating and belong to the type IV family of pili. They were sedimented by ultracentrifugation from culture medium in which Escherichia coli cells harboring ColIb-P9- or R64-derived plasmids had been grown, and then the pili we...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.180.11.2842-2848.1998
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ramakrishnan, T. (Yale University, New Haven, Conn.), and Edward A. Adelberg. Regulatory mechanisms in the biosynthesis of isoleucine and valine. II. Identification of two operator genes. J. Bacteriol. 89:654-660. 1965.-A tightly clustered set of five structural genes governs the synthesis of the five enzymes of isole...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.89.3.654-660.1965
更新日期：1965-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated a tyrosine kinase activity from Pseudomonas solanacearum, an economically important plant pathogen. In vitro incubation of membrane fractions with [gamma-32P]ATP and subsequent sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed an 85-kDa phosphoprotein. Phosphorylation of this prot...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/jb.174.13.4356-4360.1992
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We are currently investigating the role of ToxR-mediated gene regulation in Photobacterium profundum strain SS9. SS9 is a moderately piezophilic ("pressure loving") psychrotolerant marine bacterium belonging to the family Vibrionaceae. In Vibrio cholerae, ToxR is a transmembrane DNA binding protein involved in mediati...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.183.5.1688-1693.2001
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The regulatory region controlling the expression of tetracycline resistance and repressor genes contains two nearly identical regions of dyad symmetry. Deletions of this control region were isolated by digestion with S1 nuclease. The ability of these deletions to bind the tet repressor was determined by an in vivo rep...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.156.3.1188-1191.1983
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Escherichia coli LytB protein regulates the activity of guanosine 3',5'-bispyrophosphate synthetase I (RelA). A Southern blot analysis of chromosomal DNA with the E. coli lytB gene as a probe revealed the presence of lytB homologs in all of the gram-negative bacterial species examined but not in gram-positive spec...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.180.7.1959-1961.1998
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coscarelli, Waldimero (Rutgers, The State University, New Brunswick, N.J.) and David Pramer. Nutrition and growth of Arthrobotrys conoides. J. Bacteriol. 84:60-64. 1962-Despite its ability to capture, kill, and subsist on nematodes, the predacious fungus Arthrobotrys conoides does not demonstrate a unique nutritional ...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.84.1.60-64.1962
更新日期：1962-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genome sizes of six different Wolbachia strains from insect and nematode hosts have been determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of purified DNA both before and after digestion with rare-cutting restriction endonucleases. Enzymes SmaI, ApaI, AscI, and FseI cleaved the studied Wolbachia strains at a small number...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.183.7.2219-2225.2001
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cook, Thomas M. (Sterling-Winthrop Research Institute, Rensselaer, N.Y.), William H. Deitz, and William A. Goss. Mechanism of action of nalidixic acid on Escherichia coli. IV. Effects on the stability of cellular constituents. J. Bacteriol. 91:774-779. 1996.-Treatment of Escherichia coli 15TAU with nalidixic acid resu...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/JB.91.2.774-779.1966
更新日期：1966-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of surfaces on the physiology of bacteria adhering to surfaces or immobilized within biofilms are receiving more interest. A study of the effects of hydrophobic and hydrophilic substrata on the colonization behavior of a marine bacterium, SW5, revealed major differences in the morphology of SW5 on these su...
journal_title：Journal of bacteriology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1128/jb.176.22.6900-6906.1994
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
