Abstract:
:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex, degenerative and progressive eye disease that usually does not lead to complete blindness, but can result in severe loss of central vision. Risk factors for AMD include age, genetics, diet, smoking, oxidative stress and many cardiovascular-associated risk factors. Autophagy is a cellular housekeeping process that removes damaged organelles and protein aggregates, whereas heterophagy, in the case of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), is the phagocytosis of exogenous photoreceptor outer segments. Numerous studies have demonstrated that both autophagy and heterophagy are highly active in the RPE. To date, there is increasing evidence that constant oxidative stress impairs autophagy and heterophagy, as well as increases protein aggregation and causes inflammasome activation leading to the pathological phenotype of AMD. This review ties together these crucial pathological topics and reflects upon autophagy as a potential therapeutic target in AMD.
journal_name
Autophagyjournal_title
Autophagyauthors
Kaarniranta K,Sinha D,Blasiak J,Kauppinen A,Veréb Z,Salminen A,Boulton ME,Petrovski Gdoi
10.4161/auto.24546subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-07-01 00:00:00pages
973-84issue
7eissn
1554-8627issn
1554-8635pii
24546journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
Autophagy文献大全abstract::One of the major side effects of cisplatin chemotherapy is toxic acute kidney injury due to preferential accumulation of cisplatin in renal proximal tubule epithelial cells and the subsequent injury to these cells. Apoptosis is known as a major mechanism of cisplatin-induced cell death in renal tubular cells. We have ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/auto.6309
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies have reported that inhibition of MTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase) clearly reduces Alzheimer disease neuropathological hallmarks in mouse models. This has resulted in calls for the use of the MTOR inhibitor rapamycin for the treatment of dementia in humans. Unfortunately, intervention with...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15548627.2019.1615823
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The upregulation of autophagosome formation in response to nutrient deprivation requires significant intracellular membrane rearrangements that are poorly understood. Recent findings have implicated COPII-coated vesicles, well known as ER-Golgi cargo transport carriers, as key players in macroautophagy. The role of CO...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/15548627.2017.1287657
更新日期:2017-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) protein is found associated with multiple organelles including synaptic vesicles, endosomes and lysosomes, often in cooperation with ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related). Mutation of the ATM gene results in ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), an autosomal recessive disorder with de...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15548627.2020.1805860
更新日期:2020-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::During reticulocyte maturation, hematopoietic progenitors undergo numerous changes to reach the final functional stage which concludes with the release of reticulocytes and erythrocytes into circulation. During this process some proteins, which are not required in the mature stage, are sequestered in the internal vesi...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.2.2.2350
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons are highly polarized cells composed of two distinct domains, the axon and the somatodendritic domain. Although AMPA-type glutamate receptors, which mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission in the vertebrate CNS, are preferentially expressed in the somatodendritic domain, the molecular mechanisms underlying su...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.6493
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study mitochondrial protein age dynamics, we targeted a time-sensitive fluorescent protein, MitoTimer, to the mitochondrial matrix. Mitochondrial age was revealed by the integrated portions of young (green) and old (red) MitoTimer protein. Mitochondrial protein age was dependent on turnover rates as pulsed synthesi...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.26503
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A shared neuropathological hallmark in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is nuclear clearance and cytoplasmic aggregation of TARDBP/TDP-43 (TAR DNA binding protein). We previously showed that the ability of TARDBP to repress nonconserved cryptic exons was impaired in brains of patie...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15548627.2019.1635379
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a selective degradation system, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and survival under stress conditions. Increasing evidence points to an important role for the dysfunction of CMA in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). However, the mechanisms by which CMA re...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15548627.2016.1179401
更新日期:2016-08-02 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress-induced granulosa cell (GCs) death represents a common reason for follicular atresia. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) has been shown to prevent GCs from oxidative injury, although the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here we first report that the suppression of autophagic cell death v...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15548627.2017.1327941
更新日期:2017-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::The class III phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns)-3 kinase, PIK3C3/VPS34, forms multiple complexes and regulates a variety of cellular functions, especially in intracellular vesicle trafficking and autophagy. Even though PtdIns3P, the product of PIK3C3, is thought to be a critical membrane marker for the autophagosome, it i...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.24877
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Upon completion of cytokinesis, the midbody ring is transported asymmetrically into one of the two daughter cells where it becomes a midbody ring derivative that is degraded by autophagy. In this study we showed that the ubiquitin-binding autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62 and the interacting adaptor protein WDFY3/ALFY for...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.26085
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Degradation of intracellular components via macroautophagy is a complex multistep process that starts with the sequestration of cytosolic cargo in a de novo formed double-membrane vesicle or autophagosome. This compartment acquires the hydrolases required for cargo digestion by fusion with lysosomes. In contrast to th...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1096/fj.09-144519
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is a conserved membrane trafficking pathway that mediates the delivery of cytoplasmic substrates to the lysosome for degradation. Impaired autophagic function is implicated in the pathology of various neurodegenerative diseases. We have generated transgenic C. elegans that express human beta-amyloid peptide ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.4776
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adaptive immunity, which plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, is mediated by major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-dependent antigen presentation. In atherosclerotic lesions, macrophages constitute an important class of antigen-presenting cells that activate adaptive immune responses to oxid...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15548627.2015.1037061
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lysosome is a key subcellular organelle that receives and degrades macromolecules from endocytic, secretory and autophagic pathways. Lysosomal function is thus critical for an efficient autophagic process. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating lysosomal function upon autophagic induction are largely unknown....
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.23965
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macroautophagy/autophagy is a fundamental intracellular degradation process with multiple roles in immunity, including direct elimination of intracellular microorganisms via 'xenophagy.' In this review, we summarize studies from the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans that highlig...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/15548627.2017.1389824
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteins in eukaryotic cells are continually being degraded to amino acids either by the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) or by the autophagic-lysosomal pathway. The breakdown of proteins by these 2 degradative pathways involves totally different enzymes that function in distinct subcellular compartments. While most ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15548627.2016.1205770
更新日期:2016-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::The Atg1/ULK1 complex plays a central role in starvation-induced autophagy, integrating signals from upstream sensors such as MTOR and AMPK and transducing them to the downstream autophagy pathway. Much progress has been made in the last few years in understanding the mechanisms by which the complex is regulated throu...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/auto.23323
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most autophagy-related (Atg) proteins are assembled at the phagophore assembly site or pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS), which is a potential site for vesicle formation during vegetative or starvation conditions. To understand the initial step of vesicle formation, it is important to know how Atg proteins are recrui...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.6375
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small regulatory RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs play important roles in the regulation of development, growth, and metastasis of cancer, and in determining the response of tumor cells to anticancer therapy. In recent years, they have also ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.20053
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are debilitating genetic conditions that frequently manifest as neurodegenerative disorders. They severely affect eye, motor and cognitive functions and, in most cases, abbreviate the lifespan. Postmitotic cells such as neurons and mononuclear phagocytes rich in lysosomes are most oft...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.3906
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macroautophagy/autophagy mediates the degradation of ubiquitinated aggregated proteins within lysosomes in a process known as aggrephagy. The cargo receptor SQSTM1/p62 condenses aggregated proteins into larger structures and links them to the nascent autophagosomal membrane (phagophore). How the condensation reaction ...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15548627.2019.1615306
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two primary forms of autophagy have been identified in the field of cancer therapy based on their apparent functions in the tumor cell; these are the cytoprotective form that could, in theory, be inhibited for the purpose of sensitization to radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs and the "cytotoxic" form that either med...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.4161/auto.25233
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor-associated inflammation is predictive of poor prognosis and drives a variety of tumorigenic phenotypes, including tumor proliferation and survival, angiogenesis, invasiveness, and metastasis. Here, we review mammalian data addressing the interaction of macroautophagy/autophagy with key signaling cascades associa...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/15548627.2017.1345412
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is a lysosome-directed membrane trafficking event for the degradation of cytoplasmic components, including organelles. The past few years have seen a great advance in our understanding of the cellular machinery of autophagosome biogenesis, the hallmark of autophagy. However, our global understanding of autop...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.6496
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Photoreceptor degeneration and damages often lead to blindness, and the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. There is also a lot of missing information for establishing the role of macroautophagy/autophagy in the retinopathy. We recently generated knockout mouse lines of the essential gene Tubgcp4 (tub...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15548627.2019.1647023
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is essential for prolonging yeast survival during nutrient deprivation; however, this report shows that some autophagy proteins may also be accelerating population death in those conditions. While leucine starvation caused YCA1-mediated apoptosis characterized by increased annexin V staining, nitrogen depriv...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.19314
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic inactivation of PTEN through either gene deletion or mutation is common in metastatic prostate cancer, leading to activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K-AKT) pathway, which is associated with poor clinical outcomes. The PI3K-AKT pathway plays a central role in various cellular processes supporting c...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/auto.24921
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy and apoptosis are 2 fundamental biological mechanisms that may cooperate or be antagonistic, although both are involved in deciding the fate of cells in physiological or pathological conditions. These 2 mechanisms coexist simultaneously in cells and share common upstream signals and stimuli. Autophagy and ap...
journal_title:Autophagy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/15548627.2016.1256522
更新日期:2017-03-04 00:00:00