Abstract：
:Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with neuronal inclusions, comprised of protein aggregates. In Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Lewy Body Disease (LBD) such lesions are distributed in a hierarchical retrograde transynaptic spatial pattern. This implies a retrograde transynaptic temporal propagation as well. There can be few explanations for this other than infectious agents (prions and viruses). This suggests that AD and LBD (at least) may have infectious origins. Transynaptic infiltration of the CNS along cranial nerve or other major projections, by one or more infectious agents has important implications. The clinical syndrome and natural history of each neurodegenerative disorder will reflect its portal of entry. There may be a different neurodegenerative syndrome for each cranial nerve or other portal of entry, and not all may manifest as "dementia". Each syndrome may be associated with more than one pathological lesion. Each pathology may be associated with several clinical syndromes. Host-parasite interactions are species specific. This may explain the rarity of AD-like pathology in most other older mammals. Over evolutionary timescales, the human brain should be adapted to predation by neurotropic agents. Viewed from this perspective, the prion-like pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic properties of β-amyloid and other proteins may be adaptive, and anti-microbial. Reductions in synaptic density may slow the progress of invading pathogens, while perineuronal nets and other structures may guard the gates. This suggests a defense in depth of a structure, the brain, that is inherently vulnerable to invasion along its neural networks.
journal_name
Med Hypothesesjournal_title
Medical hypothesesauthors
Royall DRdoi
10.1016/j.mehy.2012.11.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-01 00:00:00pages
118-21issue
2eissn
0306-9877issn
1532-2777pii
S0306-9877(12)00486-0journal_volume
80pub_type
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
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