Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:According to recent Centers for Disease Control (CDC) data, the annual incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the United States is 1.6-3.2 million, of which the majority is classified as mild. Over half of these injuries occur in the pediatric population, and can often be attributed to a sports-related mechanism. Although postconcussion symptoms are usually short-lived, more lasting deficits can occur, which can be particularly disruptive to the developing brain. Recent literature detailing the pathophysiology of mild TBI (mTBI), with attention to pediatric studies, is presented. RECENT FINDINGS:Although concussion generally does not produce any structural damage on conventional computed tomography (CT) or MRI, advanced neuroimaging modalities reveal microstructural and functional neurobiological changes. Diffuse axonal injury, metabolic impairment, alterations in neural activation and cerebral blood flow perturbations can occur and may contribute to acute symptomatology. Although these physiological changes usually recover to baseline in 7-10 days, sustaining recurrent injury before full recovery may increase the potential for persistent deficits. SUMMARY:Understanding the pathophysiology of concussion in the pediatric population can potentially open therapeutic avenues to decrease symptom persistence and prevent further injury. Future studies in the pediatric population are necessary given the pathophysiologic differences between the developing and adult brains.
journal_name
Curr Opin Pediatrjournal_title
Current opinion in pediatricsauthors
Choe MC,Babikian T,DiFiori J,Hovda DA,Giza CCdoi
10.1097/MOP.0b013e32835a1a44subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-12-01 00:00:00pages
689-95issue
6eissn
1040-8703issn
1531-698Xjournal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder has been redefined in the classifications in the International Classification of Disease, 10th revision and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition. The definitions are more concordant than their predecessors and reemphasize the distinction between...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00008480-199508000-00007
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Now known as a Garrodian inborn error caused by the homozygous state of many different autosomal recessive mutations of the 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase gene leading to deficient conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholesterol, the RSH (so-called Smith-Lemli-Opitz) syndrome has become a paradigmatic metabolic malf...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00008480-199908000-00015
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sustained improvements in pediatric cancer therapy are partially due to the large randomized and nonrandomized studies being conducted by multidisciplinary cooperative groups. Theoretic concepts of chemotherapy are better knowledge of the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and drug resistance of current and new d...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00008480-199302000-00019
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Extremely low gestational age newborns (ELGANs), born at less than 28 weeks' estimated gestational age, suffer the greatest consequences of prematurity. There have been significant advances in their care over the last several decades, but the prospects for major advances within traditional treatment m...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000083
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) complicates the course of many cardiovascular, pulmonary and other systemic diseases in children. The physiological sequelae (pulmonary hypertension and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance) can overwhelm the right ventricle and lead to circulatory collapse. Despite ...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000626
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Enteroviruses cause a wide variety of diseases with neurologic, respiratory, skin, and gastrointestinal findings. The purpose of this review is to clarify changes in the classification of enteroviruses, provide information about recent disease outbreaks, and to summarize progress toward the treatment ...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000303
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Rotavirus infection is the most common cause of severe diarrhea disease in infants and young children worldwide and has a major global impact on childhood morbidity and mortality. Vaccination is the only control measure likely to have a significant impact on the incidence of severe dehydrating rotavir...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mop.0000147907.30720.04
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dyslipidemia increases the risk of cardiovascular events among individuals with renal disease, and there is a growing body of evidence that it hastens the progression of renal disease itself. Children with nephrotic syndrome or renal transplants have easily recognized hyperlipidemia. Among those with chronic renal ins...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00008480-200204000-00009
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Acetaminophen poisoning accounts for a disproportionate percentage of all toxic ingestions, and can be life-threatening. This article reviews the mechanism and presentation of acetaminophen toxicity, as well as its treatment, including current thinking and treatment recommendations. RECENT FINDINGS:N...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mop.0000152622.05168.9e
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review summarizes for the pediatrician the current understanding of normal cerebellar and brainstem development, and then discusses selected malformations to highlight advances in the area. The impact of prematurity on cerebellar growth and development is then examined. The important insights pro...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0b013e32801080e8
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Developmental speech and language disorders are common, seen in one in 20 preschool children, in the absence of frank neurological deficits or intellectual impairment. They are a key reason parents seek help from paediatricians. Complex neurogenetic and environmental contributions underpin the disorde...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000420
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article reviews current work investigating the neural bases of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) within the discipline of electrophysiological brain research. The manuscript focuses primarily on advances in understanding related to social information processing and interconnectivity among brain syst...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0b013e32834cb9c9
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The literature was reviewed to describe the role of gait analysis in the orthopaedic management of ambulatory children with cerebral palsy and examine the current best evidence to support these roles. RECENT FINDINGS:Gait laboratory analysis is superior to visual or observational analysis of gait bec...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0b013e3280118a6d
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal infections range from early-onset vertically acquired infections to nosocomial bacterial sepsis, and they account for significant morbidity and mortality globally. The recent emergence of perinatally acquired HIV-1 infection has also placed an enormous burden on existing meager health resources in developing ...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00008480-199704000-00003
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review will outline the screening, diagnosis and management of cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD). It will also discuss advances in the detection of early glucose abnormalities, their clinical significance and the emerging role for early insulin therapy. RECENT FINDINGS:Before the onset of ...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000251
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1995, the incidence of childhood thyroid cancer in England and Wales was only 0.5 cases per million children per year. Papillary cancers in younger children were histologically distinct from tumors in older individuals. The incidence of thyroid cancer in the vicinity of Chernobyl increased by 62 times within 5 year...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00008480-199708000-00017
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article reviews the importance of appropriate developmental surveillance in early childhood, what is known about its effectiveness in current pediatric practice, and ways in which its delivery can be improved to optimize child outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS:Many infants and young children with develo...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00008480-200312000-00014
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Recent literature regarding assessment, management and prevention of child maltreatment will be considered. Unexplained infant and child death will also be reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS:Controversies in the evaluation of unexpected infant death and inflicted traumatic brain injury are ongoing. Evidence c...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0b013e32809f9543
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Environmental factors, such as drugs, chemicals, or abnormal concentrations of natural metabolites, induce birth defects. Environmental effects on cardiogenesis have been little studied in contrast to neurogenesis. This review presents evidence on three environmental factors: alcohol, the drug lithium...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0b013e32833e2723
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review highlights advances in our understanding of the genetic basis for alopecia areata. New findings in trichothiodystrophy, Bazex syndrome, and Netherton's syndrome are also discussed. Finally, abnormalities of the hair, such as atrophic midline bald patches, generalized follicular hamartoma, and loose anagen ...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00008480-199608000-00013
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To provide an overview of the pathogenesis of pulmonary edema and describe recent discoveries related to the clearance of airspace fluid and potential new therapies for this life-threatening disorder. RECENT FINDINGS:It is clinically important to determine the mechanisms responsible for the clearance...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.mop.0000159780.42572.6c
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhalants remain one of the most commonly abused substances by adolescents in the United States today. Recent epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a decrease in the prevalence of inhalant abuse, but overall rates remain high. Inhalants have the potential to result in serious organ system dysfunction or even sudden ...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00008480-200304000-00012
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Neonates are at a high risk of infection and may have nonspecific signs of sepsis. Accordingly, they are heavily exposed to antimicrobials. Neonates are also uniquely at risk of both short-term and long-term complications from antibiotic exposure. This review discusses advances in antibiotic stewardsh...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000716
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Urinary tract infections are the most common serious bacterial infections in infants and young children. This review focuses on new additions to the literature for the period August 22, 2002, to August 21, 2003. RECENT FINDINGS:There is still considerable interest in determining which test is best to...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00008480-200402000-00016
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Congenital hyperinsulinism is the most common cause of persistent hypoglycemia in infants and children. Early and appropriate recognition and treatment of hypoglycemia is vital to minimize neurocognitive impairment. RECENT FINDINGS:There are at least 11 known monogenic forms of hyperinsulinism and se...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000645
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Joint hypermobility is a common, although largely ignored physical sign. Joint hypermobility is often asymptomatic but may be a feature of an underlying genetic disorder with systemic manifestations. The present article presents a comprehensive approach to considering joint hypermobility and clinicall...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000541
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lemierre's disease, also known as 'postanginal sepsis', 'necrobacillosis', or 'internal jugular vein thrombosis', is a rare but serious emerging infection. Although Lemierre's disease remains rare, the number of reported cases has risen in recent years as more judicious antimicrobial prescribing practices for viral up...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOP.0b013e3283294c5e
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preimplantation genetic diagnosis now represents an alternative reproductive option for parents at high risk of having offspring affected with certain genetic diseases. Progress in the past year has included increasing reliability in embryo sexing by both polymerase chain reaction and fluorescent in situ hybridization...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00008480-199412000-00018
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article evaluates the field of radiogenomics within recent developments in genomics and radiation biology. RECENT FINDINGS:Many pediatric cancer survivors have undergone treatment with radiation, putting them at risk for long-term side-effects associated with this therapy, especially cardiac dis...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0000000000000408
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The small bowel has been a technically difficult area to examine. Indirect modalities such as barium follow-through have the disadvantage of attendant radiation exposure. Capsule endoscopy, a novel wireless method of investigation of the small bowel, has acquired an important role in both adult and pa...
journal_title:Current opinion in pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOP.0b013e3282e2aaf8
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00