Spontaneous transmitter release is critical for the induction of long-term and intermediate-term facilitation in Aplysia.

abstract：:Many thylakoid lumen proteins are synthesized outside the chloroplast as larger molecular weight precursors and then processed to their mature size during transport to the lumenal space. We have examined the post-translational processing of thylakoid lumen proteins in vivo by pulse-radiolabeling experiments with Chlam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Howe G,Merchant S

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Networks are widely used in the biological, physical, and social sciences as a concise mathematical representation of the topology of systems of interacting components. Understanding the structure of these networks is one of the outstanding challenges in the study of complex systems. Here we describe a general techniq...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Newman ME,Leicht EA

更新日期：2007-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The lactose permease of Escherichia coli catalyzes coupled translocation of galactosides and H(+) across the cell membrane. It is the best-characterized member of the Major Facilitator Superfamily, a related group of membrane proteins with 12 transmembrane domains that mediate transport of various substrates across ce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sorgen PL,Hu Y,Guan L,Kaback HR,Girvin ME

更新日期：2002-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Adoptive T cell therapy, involving the ex vivo selection and expansion of antigen-specific T cell clones, provides a means of augmenting antigen-specific immunity without the in vivo constraints that can accompany vaccine-based strategies. A phase I study was performed to evaluate the safety, in vivo persistence, and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yee C,Thompson JA,Byrd D,Riddell SR,Roche P,Celis E,Greenberg PD

更新日期：2002-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreatic and gastrointestinal D cells were examined by immunocytochemistry using antisera against somatostatin-28 (SS28) and its NH2-terminal fragment SS28-(1-12), followed by the staphylococcal protein A-gold (pAg) complex. In pancreatic and gastric D cells incubated with antiserum against SS28-(1-12) the gold part...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ravazzola M,Benoit R,Ling N,Guillemin R,Orci L

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cheA locus of Escherichia coli, which is required for chemotactic behavior, encodes two polypeptide products designated p[cheA]L and p[cheA]S. The mode of synthesis of these two proteins was investigated by transferring various missense and nonsense mutations to a lambda transducing phage and observing the mutant ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith RA,Parkinson JS

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High molecular weight RNA (35S) isolated from avian myeloblastosis virus directs the cell-free synthesis of two prominent polypeptides of 180,000 and 76,000 molecular weight. The latter polypeptide has previously been identified as the precursor to the group-specific antigens of the virus ("gag" proteins) [Vogt, V. M....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paterson BM,Marciani DJ,Papas TS

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An enzyme that reduces methionine sulfoxide [Met(O)] residues in proteins [peptide Met(O) reductase (MsrA), EC 1.8.4.6; originally identified in Escherichia coli] was purified from bovine liver, and the cDNA encoding this enzyme was cloned and sequenced. The mammalian homologue of E. coli msrA (also called pmsR) cDNA ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Moskovitz J,Weissbach H,Brot N

更新日期：1996-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Theoretical and experimental optical, redox, and paramagnetic results are presented for models of siroheme, the iron isobacteriochlorin prosthetic group of nitrite and sulfite reductases, and of sirohydrochlorin, the metal-free siroheme that is an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway to vitamin B(12). The facile o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang CK,Hanson LK,Richardson PF,Young R,Fajer J

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We partially purified a preparation from Escherichia coli that proteolytically degrades the enzyme glutamine synthetase [L-glutamate:ammonia ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.3.1.2]. The degradation is at least a two-step process. First, the glutamine synthetase undergoes an oxidative modification. This modification leads to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levine RL,Oliver CN,Fulks RM,Stadtman ER

更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aspartate transcarbamoylase (EC 2.1.3.2) from Escherichia coli contains six zinc ions per molecule. Renaturation studies of this allosteric enzyme and its isolated subunits show that the metal binding site is in the regulatory polypeptide chain. Ultraviolet difference spectra of the cadmium and zinc derivatives have b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rosenbusch JP,Weber K

更新日期：1971-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measurements of the effect of DNA on rates of bimolecular energy transfer between ions provide a direct indication of how cations cluster in regions near DNA and how anions are repelled from the same regions. Energy transfer from luminescent lanthanide ions (in the "rapid-diffusion" limit) probes collision frequencies...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wensel TG,Meares CF,Vlachy V,Matthew JB

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mucopolysaccharides have been isolated, fractionated, and characterized from the nuclei of cultured B16 mouse melanoma cells grown in the presence of (3-H)-glucosamine and (35-S)sulfate. Digestion of the nuclei with DNase followed by Pronase gave a mixture of complex carbohydrates from which the mucopolysaccharides we...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhavanandan VP,Davidson EA

更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cholera and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are among the most common causes of acute infantile gastroenteritis globally. We previously developed a rice-based vaccine that expressed cholera toxin B subunit (MucoRice-CTB) and had the advantages of being cold chain-free and providing protection against cholera t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tokuhara D,Yuki Y,Nochi T,Kodama T,Mejima M,Kurokawa S,Takahashi Y,Nanno M,Nakanishi U,Takaiwa F,Honda T,Kiyono H

更新日期：2010-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA methylation may be a component of a multilevel control mechanism that regulates eukaryotic gene expression. We used synthetic oligonucleotides to investigate the effect of cytosine methylation on the binding of the transcription factor Sp1 to its target sequence (a G + C-rich sequence known as a "GC box"). Concate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Harrington MA,Jones PA,Imagawa M,Karin M

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Techniques of fluorescence and ion microscopies were combined to study the free [Ca2+] and total Ca in NIH 3T3 fibroblast and L6 rat myoblast cells. Free Ca2+ measurements with the Ca2+ indicator fura-2 and digital imaging reveal an inhomogeneous distribution of free cytoplasmic Ca2+ in both cell lines. Fura-2 also re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chandra S,Gross D,Ling YC,Morrison GH

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-dimensional Raman-terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is presented as a multidimensional spectroscopy directly in the far-IR regime. The method is used to explore the dynamics of the collective intermolecular modes of liquid water at ambient temperatures that emerge from the hydrogen-bond networks water forming. Two-dime...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Savolainen J,Ahmed S,Hamm P

更新日期：2013-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated a segment of DNA from the eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) as a viable molecular hybrid of bacteriophage lambda DNA which, when integrated into the chromosome of an E. coli histidine auxotroph, allows this bacterium to grow in the absence of histidine. The nonrevertable, histidine au...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Struhl K,Cameron JR,Davis RW

更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Melittin messenger RNA from queen bee venom glands has been translated in a cell-free system from wheat germ. A product larger than promelittin is formed which has the carboxy-terminal sequence-Gln-Gln-GlyCOOH. Melittin and promelittin from venom glands terminate in -Gln-GlnCONH2. The possible role of the extra glycin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suchanek G,Kreil G

更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent excavations at Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) WF16 in southern Jordan have revealed remarkable evidence of architectural developments in the early Neolithic. This sheds light on both special purpose structures and "domestic" settlement, allowing fresh insights into the development of increasingly sedentary comm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Finlayson B,Mithen SJ,Najjar M,Smith S,Maričević D,Pankhurst N,Yeomans L

更新日期：2011-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat thoracic aortic smooth muscle cells (line A10, ATCC CRL 1476) display a high density of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) receptors. ANF stimulated the accumulation of cGMP in these cells in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. These cells are known to display a high density of vasopressin receptors of the vascular V...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nambi P,Whitman M,Gessner G,Aiyar N,Crooke ST

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To probe the structure of the gamma heavy chain of membrane IgG and the mRNA and gene segments that encode it, we have analyzed cDNA clones derived from a gamma 1 membrane RNA of B lymphoma 2PK-3. The nucleotide sequence of the clones indicated that membrane gamma 1 chains bear a COOH-terminal 71-residue segment that ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tyler BM,Cowman AF,Gerondakis SD,Adams JM,Bernard O

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MDM2 and MDMX are homologous proteins that bind to p53 and regulate its activity. Both contain three folded domains and ~70% intrinsically disordered regions. Previous detailed structural and biophysical studies have concentrated on the isolated folded domains. The N-terminal domains of both exhibit high affinity for ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bista M,Petrovich M,Fersht AR

更新日期：2013-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:In adult rat testes, the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in the seminiferous epithelium must "open" (or "disassemble") to accommodate the migration of preleptotene spermatocytes from the basal to the adluminal compartment that occurs at stage VIII of the epithelial cycle. However, the molecule(s) and/or mechanism(s) that r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xia W,Mruk DD,Cheng CY

更新日期：2007-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Reversible biological electron transfer usually occurs between redox couples at standard redox potentials ranging from +0.8 to -0.5 V. Dearomatizing benzoyl-CoA reductases (BCRs), key enzymes of the globally relevant microbial degradation of aromatic compounds at anoxic sites, catalyze a biological Birch reduction bey...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huwiler SG,Löffler C,Anselmann SEL,Stärk HJ,von Bergen M,Flechsler J,Rachel R,Boll M

更新日期：2019-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The prion protein (PrP) is a scrapie-associated fibril protein that accumulates in the brains of hamsters and mice infected with the scrapie agent, and also in the brains of persons affected with kuru or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. It has been previously proposed that PrP could be either the primary transmissible agent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Locht C,Chesebro B,Race R,Keith JM

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoimmunity often involves the abnormal targeting of self-antigens by antibodies, leading to tissue destruction and other pathologies. This process could potentially be disrupted by small ligands that bind specifically to autoantibodies and inhibit their interaction with the target antigen. Here we report the identif...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Doudna JA,Cech TR,Sullenger BA

更新日期：1995-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:High-valent intermediates of binuclear nonheme iron enzymes are structurally unknown despite their importance for understanding enzyme reactivity. Nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy combined with density functional theory calculations has been applied to structurally well-characterized high-valent mono- and di...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Park K,Bell CB 3rd,Liu LV,Wang D,Xue G,Kwak Y,Wong SD,Light KM,Zhao J,Alp EE,Yoda Y,Saito M,Kobayashi Y,Ohta T,Seto M,Que L Jr,Solomon EI

更新日期：2013-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Capable of inducing antigen-specific immune responses in both systemic and mucosal compartments without the use of syringe and needle, mucosal vaccination is considered ideal for the global control of infectious diseases. In this study, we developed a rice-based oral vaccine expressing cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) un...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nochi T,Takagi H,Yuki Y,Yang L,Masumura T,Mejima M,Nakanishi U,Matsumura A,Uozumi A,Hiroi T,Morita S,Tanaka K,Takaiwa F,Kiyono H

更新日期：2007-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The stability and integrity of mRNAs encoding neurotransmitter receptors and voltage-activated channels in the postmortem rat brain was investigated by isolating poly(A)+ mRNA, injecting it into Xenopus oocytes, and then examining the expression of functional neurotransmitter receptors and voltage-activated channels i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ragsdale DS,Miledi R

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00