Abstract：
:Africa carries a disproportionate burden of the global HIV endemic, accounting for two thirds of the global 33.3 million people living with HIV. While tremendous advances have been made in addressing the HIV epidemic in Africa, considerable challenges remain. Testing for HIV increased by 86% from 2007 to 2009 but more than 75% of people 15-49 years remain unaware of their HIV status. CD4 count at diagnosis tends to be low and linkage to care and treatment is suboptimal. The scale-up of antiretroviral therapy is ongoing but is hampered by the lack of diagnostic capability to monitor response to therapy and a substantial healthcare workforce shortage. Prevention strategies such as male circumcision, pre-exposure prophylaxis, and antiretroviral therapy for prevention have generated great excitement but cost and healthcare infrastructure deficiencies may limit their widespread applicability. Operational research to validate and inform treatment decisions, health care policies, and prevention strategies is sorely needed.
journal_name
Curr Infect Dis Repjournal_title
Current infectious disease reportsauthors
Gilliam BL,Patel D,Talwani R,Temesgen Zdoi
10.1007/s11908-011-0230-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-02-01 00:00:00pages
91-101issue
1eissn
1523-3847issn
1534-3146journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Two million of the 15 million (13.3%) new cases of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among persons 15 to 49 years old occur in pregnant women. Access to care and a provider's ability to assess risk, screen, and treat STIs are critical factors in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes. Significant variations in pro...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-007-0008-1
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurocysticercosis, caused by infection with the pork tapeworm Taenia solium, is increasingly recognized as a cause of neurologic disease worldwide. Because the clinical presentation is nonspecific, diagnosis has been difficult. Advances in imaging studies and serodiagnostic techniques are facilitating the diagnosis o...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-005-0022-0
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a unique human virus, showing similarities with plant viroids. Although impressive knowledge on virus structure and replication has been achieved, several questions like HBV/HDV interaction and post translational modifications of HD antigens remain to be answered. Potential targets for t...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-011-0233-5
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a significant cause of chronic liver disease with substantial long-term sequelae. Until very recently, therapies to cure HCV were hindered by high nonresponse rates and severe side effects. The first-generation protease inhibitor-containing regimens provided superior cure rates for...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-014-0413-1
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heavily pretreated HIV-infected patients with multidrug-resistant virus remain a clinical challenge to the treating physician. While the goal of therapy in such patients is still controversial, sustained immunologic and clinical benefit have only been demonstrated with complete suppression of plasma viral load below d...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-002-0089-9
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The infectious complications of transplantation can have devastating consequences for patients. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential to good outcomes. This review describes recent advances in pathogen-directed diagnostic testing and discusses the role of new methods for transplant infectious dise...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11908-019-0704-7
更新日期：2019-11-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus is a risk factor for invasive S. aureus infections. Intranasal mupirocin has effectively eradicated S. aureus colonization and appears to prevent S. aureus nosocomial infections in some patient populations. In hospitals and communities where mupirocin use has been widespread, re...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-004-0062-x
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The deadly combination of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) currently ravaging the world, taking a toll of about 0.35 million people every year, is one of the major public health crises of the decade. Throughout the course of HIV infection, the risk of acquisition, reactivation, and reinfection ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-012-0311-3
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antipsychotics are generally distinguished as atypical and typical agents, which are indicated in the treatment of acute and chronic psychoses and other psychiatric disorders. In April 2005, the US Food and Drug Administration issued a warning about the increased risk of all-cause mortality associated with atypical an...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-011-0175-y
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Group A streptococcus is a widespread human pathogen that causes a broad spectrum of human disease. The persistent high burden and severity of illness in developing and industrialized countries speaks to the need for a safe and effective vaccine. Modern approaches to vaccine construction include M protein type-specifi...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-008-0032-9
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urinary tract infections are common, especially among women, and cause significant morbidity. While prognosis is probably more dependent on whether or not an episode of urinary tract infection is complicated (ie, associated with functional, metabolic, or anatomic abnormalities of the urinary tract) or uncomplicated, a...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-001-0090-8
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myocarditis is an acquired form inflammatory heart muscle disease, manifested as acute and chronic conditions. While many etiologies have been reported, the most common cause of this disease is infection, primarily viral. Typically, the specific causative agent(s) and mechanism(s) are elusive. Over the past several ye...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-000-0008-x
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many data associate low protease inhibitor plasma concentrations with suboptimal virologic responses, whereas relatively few data associate high plasma concentrations with increased likelihood of toxicity. Knowledge of relationships between concentrations and virologic response is important because significant variabi...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-001-0079-3
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malaria is a devastating disease, inflicting epidemic morbidity and mortality with an estimated 500 million cases and 2.5 million deaths annually. Children suffer the most severe morbidity; one child dies of malaria every 30 seconds, accounting for over 1 million of the deaths annually. There continues to be a tremend...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-003-0064-0
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of syndrome diagnosis in the evaluation of vaginitis and to make suggestions based on the review findings. RECENT FINDINGS:Vaginal discharge as the main symptom of vaginitis is unspecific. A randomized study of symptom-based diagnosis and tre...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11908-017-0558-9
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) is an infamous nosocomial pathogen with a seemingly limitless capacity for antimicrobial resistance, leading to few treatment options and poor clinical outcomes. The debatably low pathogenicity and virulence of AB are juxtaposed by its exceptionally high rate of infection-...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11908-019-0706-5
更新日期：2019-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Contact precautions are routinely employed for the control of multidrug-resistant organisms. Robust measures, however, for the incremental benefit of contact precautions, gowns, gloves, and active detection and isolation strategies for the prevention of cross-transmission in endemic settings are lacking. Unintended co...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-012-0299-8
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diarrhea is one of the most common health problems among travelers. Although enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is implicated most commonly, enteroaggregative E. coli has recently been described as a major pathogen. Shigella, Campylobacter, and Salmonella organisms are less common causes of acute diarrhea, and intestina...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-002-0070-7
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rotaviruses are the most important cause of pediatric gastroenteritis worldwide. In August 1998, a new rotavirus vaccine was licensed for general use in the United States. However, 14 months later, the vaccine was withdrawn from the market because of serious gastrointestinal side effects. This paper discusses the need...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-000-0090-0
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical toxinology is a specialized area of clinical medicine focused on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases caused by animal, plant, and fungal toxins. This review focuses on recent developments in snakebite. Snakebite is newly recognized as a Neglected Tropical Disease by the World...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-011-0172-1
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial meningitis remains a feared diagnosis that may lead to significant mortality and morbidity in both the developed and developing world; case fatality rates range from 10% to 50% among all age groups. Several vaccines are available (including the Haemophilus influenzae type B polysaccharide conjugate vaccine) ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-009-0045-z
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this article is to perform a systematic review over the past 5 years on the role and effectiveness of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) on antibiotic stewardship. RECENT FINDINGS:CDDS interventions found a significant impact on multiple outcomes relevant to antibiotic stewardsh...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-019-0683-8
更新日期：2019-07-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Eosinophilia in patients exposed to tropical or subtropical environments is caused most commonly by helminth (worm) infections. Besides a detailed exposure history, the diagnostic approach must consider other infections and noninfectious causes of eosinophilia, as treatments for many of these disorders differ. ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-006-0034-4
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary nocardiosis is an uncommon but serious infection that is increasingly found in immunosuppressed persons, especially transplant recipients and persons with AIDS. The Nocardia species are denizens of soil and decaying plants that gain entry to humans through inhalation or inoculation. Pulmonary nocardiosis typ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-001-0032-5
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis still represents an unmet medical need. Presently, the US Food and Drug Administration has not approved any drugs for the treatment of this common condition. Various inflammatory processes are involved in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis. Treatment of infection and surgica...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-007-0031-2
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to discuss the unique pathways of biofilm formation utilized by respiratory pathogens and current and future therapeutic strategies to inhibit biofilm formation or eradicate established biofilm in the context of these pathogens. Both nonselective and selective strategies ...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11908-019-0657-x
更新日期：2019-03-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Determining the microbiologic etiology of enteric infection remains an elusive goal. Conventional approaches, including culture, microscopy, and antigen-based tests have significant limitations such as limit of detection and the need for multiple procedures. Molecular diagnostics, especially PCR based tests, are rapid...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-011-0223-7
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Suppressive therapy and periodic presumptive treatment (PPT) are distinct but related strategies that have been used to reduce the incidence of bacterial vaginosis (BV). Here, we review clinical trial evidence of the effectiveness of suppressive therapy and PPT to reduce BV, and discuss their roles fo...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11908-019-0688-3
更新日期：2019-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：:The 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) was responsible for the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century. The virus- a previously unknown triple-reassortant virus containing segments of avian, human, and swine origins- generally caused mild disease. Unlike seasonal influenza, 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) primaril...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-010-0157-5
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fungi are common inhabitants of the oral and nasal mucosa, and therefore the differentiation between colonization and pathogenicity in the setting of upper respiratory tract infection symptoms can be difficult. Fungal head and neck infections occur in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons, and patients wi...
journal_title：Current infectious disease reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11908-002-0078-z
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
