Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Smoking of synthetic cannabinoid-enhanced "herbal incense" is an emerging substance abuse problem. The indole-derived cannabinoids identified in these products were originally developed as research tools and are structurally distinct from cannabinoids in the cannabis plant. Although abused by humans, most published research on this class of compounds has been performed in vitro. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel series of 1-pentyl-3-phenylacetylindoles in mice. METHODS:The potencies of these analogs to produce the cannabinoid agonist effects of antinociception, hypothermia and suppression of locomotion were evaluated in ICR mice. The major structural manipulations in the present series included the type of substituent (i.e., unsubstituted, methyl, methoxy, chloro, bromo, and fluoro) and the position of the substituent on the phenyl ring (i.e., 2-, 3- or 4-position). RESULTS:Potencies of this series of phenylacetylindoles for each cannabinoid effect were highly correlated with CB(1) receptor affinities reported previously. Active compounds produced a profile of effects that resembled that exhibited by Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The most critical factor affecting in vivo potency was the position of the substituent. Whereas compounds with 2- and 3-phenylacetyl substituents were efficacious with good potencies, 4-substituents resulted in compounds that had poor potency or were inactive. CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that phenylacetylindoles with good CB(1) binding affinity share pharmacological properties with THC in mice; however, they also emphasize the complexity of molecular interactions of synthetic cannabinoids with CB(1) receptors and suggest that scheduling efforts based solely upon structural features should proceed with caution.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Wiley JL,Marusich JA,Martin BR,Huffman JWdoi
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.11.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-06-01 00:00:00pages
148-53issue
1-3eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(11)00483-2journal_volume
123pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cannabis use are each associated with specific cognitive deficits. Few studies have investigated the neurocognitive profile of individuals with both an ADHD history and regular cannabis use. The greatest cognitive impairment is expected among ADHD Cannabis ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.08.001
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individuals with co-occurring substance use and psychiatric disorders have a more severe clinical course and poorer outcomes than do individuals with one disorder. In an attempt to find intervening variables that may contribute to improvement in treatment outcomes among individuals with co-occurring disorders, we inve...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.01.009
更新日期：2007-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Determine if a brief intervention (BI) reduces the negative consequences of drug use/misuse among adult emergency department (ED) patients, and identify patients more likely to benefit from the BI. METHODS:This randomized, controlled trial enrolled 1026 18-64 year-old ED patients whose drug misuse indicated...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.10.007
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Prescription opioid abuse and misuse is a serious and growing public health issue. While the most common form of abuse is swallowing intact tablets/capsules, some abusers manipulate, or tamper with, these medications by altering the dosage form to allow for non-oral routes of administration (e.g., injection,...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.01.039
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Adolescent Binge drinking has become an increasing health and social concern, which cause several detrimental consequences for brain integrity. However, research on neurophysiological traits of vulnerability for binge drinking predisposition is limited at this time. In this work, we conducted a two-...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108401
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Client language is hypothesized to be a mechanism of action in motivational interviewing (MI). Despite the association of change and sustain talk with substance treatment outcomes, it not known whether providers can intentionally influence this language as hypothesized. OBJECTIVE:This is a randomized contro...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.11.036
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure is associated with alterations in motivated behavior in offspring, such as increased consumption of highly palatable foods and abused drugs. Animal models show that gestational nicotine (GN) exposure mediates changes in responding for sucrose and drug reward. METHODS:A novel,...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.01.025
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We previously reported that when long-term abstinent alcoholics (LTAA; with no drug comorbidity) are compared to controls, they show increased resting state synchrony (RSS) in the executive control network and reduced RSS in the appetitive drive network suggestive of compensatory mechanisms that may facilita...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.04.002
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There are few effective smoking cessation interventions for adolescent smokers. We developed a novel intervention to motivate tobacco use behavior change by (1) enhancing desire to quit through the use of abstinence-contingent incentives (CM), (2) increasing cessation skills through the use of cognitive beha...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.03.002
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:By systematic sampling of households after two stage proportionate random sampling of villages, a total of 4670 persons above 15 years of age were selected from the rural areas of Ajmer district in Rajasthan, India, to estimate the prevalence rate of alcohol abuse and to study its socio-demographic correlates (Part I)...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(84)90016-4
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol increases libido, inhibits sexual physiological responses and adversely affects reproductive processes in men and women. The mechanisms that underlie these effects are examined and the implications of these effects are discussed. ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(80)90158-1
更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aerobic exercise can serve as an alternative, non-drug reinforcer in laboratory animals and has been recommended as a potential intervention for substance abusing populations. Unfortunately, relatively little empirical data have been collected that specifically address the possible protective effects of voluntary, lon...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.05.006
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The effectiveness of opioid agonist treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) is well established, and delays to treatment are still common, particularly in rural geographic areas. In a randomized 12-week pilot study, we demonstrated initial efficacy of a technology-assisted Interim Buprenorphine Treatment (IB...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108532
更新日期：2021-01-20 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cannabis remains the most commonly used illicit substance and use rates are rising. Notably, the prevalence of cannabis use disorders (CUD) nearly equals that of other illicit substance use disorders combined. Thus, the present study aimed to identify cognitive, affective, and situational predictors and cons...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.12.022
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Behavioral economics provides a framework for quantifying drug abuse potential that can inform public health risk, clinical treatment, and research. Hypothetical purchase task (HPT) questionnaires may provide a low-cost and sensitive method by which to measure and predict the appeal of pharmaceutical drugs...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.01.022
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association of major depressive episode (MDE) with nonmedical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) and opioid abuse/dependence among adolescents aged 12 to 17. METHODS:We analyzed 5 years of data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). We used logistic regressions to study the ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.04.010
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Heart rate variability (HRV) is of interest to researchers due to its potential utility as a marker for both physiological and psychological stress. Sympatholytics are used to treat opioid withdrawal, but little information about the parasympathetic system's role in mediating withdrawal symptoms exists. The ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.040
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were prepared with chronic intravenous cannulas and cortical and muscle electrodes for recording electroencephalograms and electromyograms, respectively. They were made physically dependent on morphine by automatic intravenous injections and then trained to lever press in order to self...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(77)90014-x
更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, incarcerated individuals are at increased risk of opioid overdose. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is an effective way to address opioid use disorder and prevent overdose; however, few jails and prisons in the United States initiate or continue people who are incarcerated on MMT. In the current study, ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.11.023
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study analyzes causes of deaths of 766 patients who died while in methadone treatment in Texas between 1994 and 2002. Compared with deaths in the general population of Texas, deaths of clients in methadone treatment were 4.6 times more likely to be from a drug overdose, 3.4 times more likely to be from liver dise...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.09.006
更新日期：2005-04-04 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The NIDA Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study yielded different efficacies for different psychosocial treatments for cocaine dependence. However, substantial heterogeneity of patient outcomes was evident. Longitudinal data analysis techniques can be helpful in examining differential effects of psychosocial ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.08.009
更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In a sample survey of 712 Iranian male adolescents, aged 14-18, it was found that drugs users differed in only some of theirs beliefs about drug substances and their use from their non-drug-using contemporaries; and that both sub-samples had, in their agreement about the drug problem in post-revolutionary Iran, been e...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(82)90001-1
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Injection drug users (IDUs) are at high-risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV. Due to concerns about non-adherence to multi-dose vaccine regimens however, IDUs are severely under-immunized against HBV and have been excluded from phase III trials of multi-dose candidate HIV vaccines in the United States. ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(03)00074-7
更新日期：2003-08-20 00:00:00
abstract：:To replicate a Canada Health Survey (CHS) study that found beer drinking was associated with lower morbidity, National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data for 19,462 persons were used to examine associations between functional disability and beverage specific ethanol consumption. A functional disability index consisti...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(90)90151-4
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The use of electronic cigarettes has increased over the past decade. To determine how the abuse liability of electronic cigarette liquids (e-liquids) differs from nicotine alone, and to determine the impact of flavor, we compared nicotine-containing fruit- and tobacco-flavored e-liquids, and their nicotine-f...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107995
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The new 'Betäubungsmittelgesetz' (Narcotic drugs law) of the Federal Republic of Germany is analyzed from the viewpoint of punishment vs. treatment. ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(85)90010-9
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol is a known suppressant of the immune system and alcoholics frequently have impaired humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a single dose of ethanol on the thymus and the possible mechanism of its action. Adult female Wistar rats were divided into three gr...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(92)90024-7
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The weight, histology and RNA, DNA, protein and lipid content of the liver and arterial and portal plasma amino acid concentrations were determined in male Sprague-Dawley rats fed a liquid diet which met AIN-76A standards with 36% of the calories supplied by ethanol. The dietary components of the dry mixture in percen...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(88)90036-1
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Few studies have examined clinical trial participation rates and treatment outcomes among underserved young adults who are dependent on marijuana, the most commonly abused illicit drug. METHOD:The present study was a secondary analysis of a trial of court-referred marijuana-dependent young adults (ages 18-2...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.05.033
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:An emerging area of preclinical research has investigated whether drug use in parents prior to conception influences drug responsivity in their offspring. The present work sought to further characterize such effects with cannabis by examining whether a parental THC history modified locomotor sensitization to...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107985
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
