Abstract：
:Alcohol is a known suppressant of the immune system and alcoholics frequently have impaired humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a single dose of ethanol on the thymus and the possible mechanism of its action. Adult female Wistar rats were divided into three groups which were treated with: (a) ethanol (4 g/kg i.p.), (b) naltrexone (5 mg/kg i.p.) and 45 min later with ethanol, (c) naltrexone alone. Untreated rats served as controls. The animals were killed 20 h after administration of alcohol. Thymuses were removed and fixed in Bouin's solution. Paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and analysed using stereological measurements. Our results showed that a single dose of ethanol significantly decreased the volume of the thymus especially affecting the cortex. This effect was blocked by pretreatment with naltrexone. Therefore, it seems that the effect of ethanol on the thymus is mediated by an opioid-dependent mechanism.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Budec M,Cirić O,Koko V,Aŝanin Rdoi
10.1016/0376-8716(92)90024-7keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-06-01 00:00:00pages
181-5issue
2eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
0376-8716(92)90024-7journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Smoking of synthetic cannabinoid-enhanced "herbal incense" is an emerging substance abuse problem. The indole-derived cannabinoids identified in these products were originally developed as research tools and are structurally distinct from cannabinoids in the cannabis plant. Although abused by humans, most pu...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.11.001
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individuals who abuse substances often differ from nonusers in their brain structure. Substance abuse and addiction is often associated with atrophy and pathology of grey matter, but much less is known about the role of white matter, which constitutes over half of human brain volume. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), a ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.005
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Physical pain is considered a potential predictor of relapse in alcohol-dependent individuals after treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether reductions in pain level during the follow-up period after treatment were associated with lower relapse risk. METHOD:A sample of 366 participants was re...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.020
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In this study we estimate suspected links between youthful behavioral problems and smoking of tobacco, cannabis, and coca paste. METHODS:In the Republic of Chile, school-attending youths were sampled from all 13 regions of the country, with sample size of 46,907 youths from 8th to 12th grades. A Generalized...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.03.010
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Needle sharing contributes to the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus and other health concerns and remains a persistent problem among injection drug users. We determined whether needle sharing may be related to the discounting of the value of delayed outcomes. Outpatients in treatment for heroin dependence ind...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00111-3
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Interpretation bias is a crucial therapeutic target in emotional disorders. However, few studies have examined the role of interpretation bias in substance use disorders (SUDs). Our specific aims were: (1) to examine whether interpretation bias was associated with craving and abstinence self-efficacy, and (2)...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107644
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Self-reports of drug use frequency are central to treatment outcome evaluations, estimates of the prevalence of heavy use, estimates of treatment need, and other questions with direct relevance to drug policies. Nevertheless, surprisingly little is known about the validity of these self-reports. This study examines th...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00048-4
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A large number of studies have given clear indications that ethanol does affect the physicochemical properties of the membrane. Membrane reorganization and adaptation can develop against the acute disordering effect of ethanol during chronic intoxication. Nevertheless, there has been so far no direct evidence of corre...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(90)90142-2
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:A growing area of research suggests that neuroimmunity may impact the pharmacology of opioids. Microglia is a key component of the brain immunity. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that microglial modulators may improve morphine-induced analgesia and prevent the development of tolerance an...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.037
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the state of peer-reviewed literature surrounding uptake and adherence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) among HIV-positive women who use drugs (WWUD). METHODS:Consistent with PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we conducted a scoping literature review on ART uptake and adherence among WWUD, searching PubMed, Emb...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108218
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity in some individuals contains a fraction that is not inhibited by pyrazole. This might be due to the presence in those sera of pi-ADH, a unique isoenzyme found recently in human liver, and which, according to one hypothesis, could be co-responsible for the development of alcoh...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(80)90457-3
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study describes the frequency and characteristics of aggression and/or violence in ambulance attendances involving alcohol, illicit and/or pharmaceutical drug use in Victoria, Australia between January 2012 and January 2017. METHODS:Patient characteristics, context, and substance use involvement in amb...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107685
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is increasing concern about tampering of pharmaceutical opioids. We describe early findings from an Australian study examining the potential impact of the April 2014 introduction of an abuse-deterrent sustained-release oxycodone formulation (Reformulated OxyContin(®)). METHODS:Data on pharmaceutical o...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.02.038
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rearrest rates among Norwegian drugged (n=1102) and a group of drunken drivers (n=850) (BAC: 0.16-0.19%) apprehended during 1992, were 57% (n=629) and 28% (n=238), respectively, when followed prospectively for 7 years. The most important risk factors for recidivism among drugged drivers were previous arrests for d...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(01)00187-9
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Healthcare professionals are crucial in access to treatment for patients with substance use disorders. However, healthcare professionals often have negative attitudes towards this patient group. Healthcare professionals' regard for working with patients with substance use disorders was examined and three sec...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.09.012
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug usage patterns among patients admitted to a Swedish clinic specialized in the treatment of drug dependence have undergone significant changes during the last fifteen years. During this period there has been a decline in amphetamine taking and a rise in opiate abuse. Yearly cohorts of drug abusers were subjected t...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(80)90188-x
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Vaccines have treatment potential for methamphetamine (MA) addiction. We tested whether a conjugate vaccine against MA (succinyl-methamphetamine-keyhole limpet hemocyanin carrier protein; SMA-KLH) would generate MA antibodies and alter MA-induced behaviors. METHODS:Mice were injected with SMA-KLH and receiv...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.09.007
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the characteristics of 'diagnostic orphans' among cannabis users-those who report one or two symptoms of DSM-IV dependence but do not meet diagnostic criteria for DSM-IV abuse or dependence. METHOD:Data were collected from a representative population cohort of 1601 young adults aged 20-21 years. T...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00064-9
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In August 2013, a naloxone distribution program was implemented in North Carolina (NC). This study evaluated that program by quantifying the association between the program and county-level opioid overdose death (OOD) rates and conducting a cost-benefit analysis. METHODS:One-group pre-post design. Data incl...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.038
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A cascade of care framework has been proposed to identify and address implementation gaps in addiction medicine. Using this framework, we characterized temporal trends in engagement in care for opioid use disorder (OUD) in Vancouver, Canada. METHODS:Using data from two cohorts of people who use drugs, we as...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.04.026
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The DSM specifies categorical criteria for psychiatric disorders. In contrast, a dimensional approach considers variability in symptom severity and can significantly improve statistical power. The current study tested whether a categorical, DSM-defined diagnosis of Alcohol Dependence (AD) was a better fit th...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.12.020
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Technology-based applications represent a promising method for providing efficacious, widely available interventions to substance abuse treatment patients. However, limited access to communication technology (i.e., mobile phones, computers, internet, and e-mail) could significantly impact the feasibility of ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.10.003
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association of alcohol and cigarette consumption was explored among 13,673 black or white persons aged 40-49 years, who received check-ups from mid-1979 to 1985. Alcohol use was strongly associated with number of cigarettes smoked per day, but not with tar-yield, mentholation and presence of filters. Duration of c...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(91)90011-m
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is effective in decreasing opioid use or facilitating abstinence. Previous studies using small opioid use disorder samples suggest that cognitive impairments including impulsivity and executive functions may partially improve on MMT, but a range of deficits may persist. ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108483
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to self-administered drugs is sufficient to produce drug-seeking in animal models. In many cases priming injections of drugs that share discriminative stimulus properties with the self-administered drug also can lead to drug-seeking, suggesting that exposure might precipitate relapse. The present investigatio...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.03.014
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To investigate whether variation may exist in betel nut- and ecstasy-involved adolescents in terms of sociobehavioral characteristics, the experience of psychoactive substance use, and behavioral/emotional problems. METHODS:Students (n = 53,528) aged 12-18 sampled via stratified, multistage, random cluster sampli...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.07.018
更新日期：2011-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Flavored e-cigarette use has risen rapidly, especially among young adults who also smoke cigarettes. We sought to determine whether flavoring enhances the subjective rewarding value, relative reinforcing value, and absolute reinforcing value of an e-cigarette with nicotine compared to an unflavored e-cigarett...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.06.030
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Lipid profiles in the blood are altered in human cocaine users, suggesting that cocaine exposure can induce lipid remodeling. METHODS:Lipid changes in the brain tissues of rats sensitized to cocaine were determined through shotgun lipidomics using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). We also ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.04.009
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This paper examines the relative importance of three religion variables (religious preference, religiosity, and alcohol proscription) and eight demographic variables (gender, ethnicity, education, income, marital status, age, region, and employment status) as statistical predictors of drinking versus abstenti...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.07.013
更新日期：2007-03-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Sleep duration and indices of disturbed sleep, such as night-time waking and day-time sleep, were investigated in amphetamine users following hospital admission and withdrawal from the drug. Compared to controls, the amphetamine group showed an initial period of oversleeping and, towards the end of the first week, the...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(82)90010-2
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
