The drug problem in the Federal Republic of Germany.

abstract：:Assessing actual abuse of prescribed medications requires postmarketing surveillance. In this article we discuss general systems of postmarketing surveillance that exist as of the end of 2002 in the United States and two medication-specific surveillance systems that were devised and tested. The two specific surveillan...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Arfken CL,Cicero TJ

更新日期：2003-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study the relationship between early-onset (

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Franken IH,Hendriks VM

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male Wistar rats were tested for apomorphine-induced locomotion, climbing and aggression after 3 week's intragastric ethanol (EtOH) treatment, 5 g/kg as 20% solution daily. The ability of apomorphine (APO) to elicit rearing (1 mg/kg i.p.) and climbing (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) was significantly suppressed in EtOH withdrawn ani...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Puciłowski O,Trzaskowska E,Kostowski W

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prescription opioid abuse and misuse is a serious and growing public health issue. While the most common form of abuse is swallowing intact tablets/capsules, some abusers manipulate, or tamper with, these medications by altering the dosage form to allow for non-oral routes of administration (e.g., injection,...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Green JL,Bucher Bartelson B,Le Lait MC,Roland CL,Masters ET,Mardekian J,Bailey JE,Dart RC

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally thought that loss of data for a substantial portion of subjects in alcohol treatment follow-up studies positively biases outcome results. However, the data upon which this claim has been based relates to subjects who are initially difficult to locate but who were later found, and not subjects who were ...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Sobell LC,Sobell MB,Maisto SA

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Preclinical and clinical research suggest that the α1 receptor antagonist prazosin reduces alcohol consumption. Furthermore, clinical studies indicate a role for prazosin in treating Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms and a recent trial suggested that pre-treatment blood pressure (BP) predicts th...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Haass-Koffler CL,Goodyear K,Zywiak WH,Magill M,Eltinge SE,Wallace PM,Long VM,Jayaram-Lindström N,Swift RM,Kenna GA,Leggio L

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fifty of sixty original study subjects were assessed via two questionnaires and urinalysis tests between six months and one year following completion of the experimental program. Results indicate a high rate of retention in methadone/methadyl acetate treatment, and point to the need for positive social context, satisf...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Charuvastra VC,Panell J,Ling W,Ouren J

更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reports recent findings from a program of experimental research examining the effects of adapting judicial supervision to the risk level of drug-abusing offenders. Prior studies revealed that high-risk participants with (1) antisocial personality disorder or (2) a history of drug abuse treatment performed...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Marlowe DB,Festinger DS,Dugosh KL,Lee PA,Benasutti KM

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:Carisoprodol is a muscle relaxant that acts at the GABA(A) receptor. Concerns about the abuse liability of carisoprodol are increasing, but evidence that carisoprodol produces tolerance and a significant withdrawal syndrome has yet to be established. The purpose of the current study was to determine if repeated ad...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Gatch MB,Nguyen JD,Carbonaro T,Forster MJ

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Medical marijuana use may substitute prescription opioid use, whereas nonmedical marijuana use may be a risk factor of prescription opioid misuse. This study examined the associations between recreational marijuana legalization and prescription opioids received by Medicaid enrollees. METHODS:State-level qua...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Shi Y,Liang D,Bao Y,An R,Wallace MS,Grant I

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about risk factors for repeated opioid overdose and fatal opioid overdose in the first year following nonfatal opioid overdose. METHODS:We identified a national retrospective longitudinal cohort of patients aged 18-64 years in the Medicaid program who received a clinical diagnosis of nonfata...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Olfson M,Wall M,Wang S,Crystal S,Blanco C

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In cocaine-dependent individuals, executive function (EF) deficits are associated with poor treatment outcomes. Psychological interventions and pharmacological approaches have produced only modest effect sizes. To date, studies of this topic have been few and limited. The aim of this study was to examine the...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Gonçalves PD,Ometto M,Bechara A,Malbergier A,Amaral R,Nicastri S,Martins PA,Beraldo L,dos Santos B,Fuentes D,Andrade AG,Busatto GF,Cunha PJ

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present experiment investigated contextual renewal of cocaine seeking and potential methods of attenuating this renewal. Rats were first trained in one context to self-administer cocaine when a discriminative stimulus (tone) was presented. Then, the ABA Group was placed in a second context and responses in tone no...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Kearns DN,Weiss SJ

更新日期：2007-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) is a screening instrument to detect substance use in primary care (PC). To screen for illicit substances (excluding tobacco and alcohol), the ASSIST consists of 8-57 questions and requires complicated scoring. To improve the efficiency of scree...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Tiet QQ,Leyva Y,Moos RH,Smith B

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine HIV prevalence and potential associations with sociodemographic and behavioral factors among injection drug users (IDUs) in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. METHODS:Subjects in this cross-sectional study provided sociodemographic and risk behavior data and were tested for HIV antibody with a saliva-based ...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Sanchez JL,Todd CS,Bautista CT,Botros BA,Khakimov MM,Giyasova GM,Yakubov SK,Abdulaeva MA,Saad MD,Graham RR,Carr JK,Earhart KC

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Boys with serious conduct and substance problems (Antisocial Substance Dependence (ASD)) repeatedly make impulsive and risky decisions in spite of possible negative consequences. Because prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in planning behavior in accord with prior rewards and punishments, structural abnormal...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Dalwani M,Sakai JT,Mikulich-Gilbertson SK,Tanabe J,Raymond K,McWilliams SK,Thompson LL,Banich MT,Crowley TJ

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethanol stimulates the spontaneous transmitter release from motor nerve endings, as shown by the increase of miniature end plate potential (m.e.p.p.) frequency at the neuro-muscular junction. The stimulation of acetylcholine spontaneous quantal release by ethanol is greater in regenerating than in mature nerve endings...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Bruno C,Cuppini R,Cuppini C

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:To assess whether substance-abusing people have a higher risk of dying from unintentional acute intoxication in specific periods of the year. METHODS:A total of 15,792 deaths (males=14,259; females=1533) were ascertained to be due to unintentional acute intoxication by illicit drugs in Italy in the study period (1...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Rocchi MB,Miotto P,Preti A

更新日期：2003-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure is associated with alterations in motivated behavior in offspring, such as increased consumption of highly palatable foods and abused drugs. Animal models show that gestational nicotine (GN) exposure mediates changes in responding for sucrose and drug reward. METHODS:A novel,...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Lacy RT,Hord LL,Morgan AJ,Harrod SB

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:HIV-related disparities persist among U.S. Black sexual minority men (BSMM). Generational differences in drug use trends and the HIV/AIDS epidemic have created different risk trajectories for BSMM. This study explored age-related differences in the profiles, motivations, and contexts of opioid and stimulan...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Dangerfield Ii DT,Heidari O,Cooper J,Allen S,Lucas GM

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine whether differences in life styles and patterns of drug use may help to account for willingness to try heroin and/or likelihood of becoming addicted, personal history interviews were conducted with 15 young heroin addict, 15 experimenters who used the drug but did not become addicts, and 15 nonusers who n...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Crawford GA

更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper provides a detailed analysis of the 2-year outcomes for 351 drug misusers allocated on an intention-to-treat basis to methadone maintenance or methadone reduction treatments. Both groups showed substantial reductions in their use of illicit drugs and in other outcome areas. However, whereas most methadone m...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Gossop M,Marsden J,Stewart D,Treacy S

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Background Psychiatry inpatients frequently have co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders, which are related to poor post-discharge outcomes. Telephone monitoring is effective in specialty substance use disorder treatment settings in increasing continuing care and 12-step program utilization and improvin...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Timko C,Harris AHS,Jannausch M,Ilgen M

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flunitrazepam was evaluated in several procedures that have been used extensively to study the behavioral effects and abuse potential of positive GABA(A) modulators. One group of monkeys (n=3) responded to receive injections of methohexital or saline (i.v.) while other groups (n=2-4/group) discriminated vehicle from e...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Gerak LR,Woolverton WL,Nader MA,Patrick GA,Harris LS,Winger G,Woods JH,France CP

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cannabidiol, a therapeutic with potential serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) 5-HT1A receptor agonist activity, is the second most prevalent cannabinoid in Cannabis after Δ(9)-THC. The extent to which cannabidiol modifies the effects of Δ(9)-THC has not been firmly established, especially with respect to a...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： McMahon LR

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infant rats, treated intracisternally with 6-hydroxydopamine or 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine, alone or in combination with desmethylimipramine or pargyline, at 5 to 7 days of age, had significant specific depletions of brain norepinephrine, dopamine, both of these amines, or serotonin at 2.5 months of age. Despite apparent...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Frye GD,Ellis FW

更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Metabolomics allows the high-throughput analysis of low molecular mass compounds in biofluids, which can reflect the metabolic response of the body to heroin exposure and potentially reveal biomarkers of heroin abuse. METHODS:Heroin was administered to Sprague-Dawley rats in increasing doses from 3 to 16.5 ...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Zheng T,Liu L,Aa J,Wang G,Cao B,Li M,Shi J,Wang X,Zhao C,Gu R,Zhou J,Xiao W,Yu X,Sun R,Zhou Y,Zuo Y,Zhu X

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Methamphetamine use is associated with a range of poor health, social and justice outcomes. In many parts of the world increased methamphetamine use has been identified as a major public health concern. Methamphetamine treatment programmes have been effective in reducing and ceasing use, however a range of b...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Cumming C,Troeung L,Young JT,Kelty E,Preen DB

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The debate about cannabis policy in Australia has revolved around the harms that cannabis causes to users and the community, on the one hand, and the harms that are caused by the prohibition of its use, on the other. This paper assesses evidence on: (1) the harms caused to users and the community by cannabis use (deri...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Hall W

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study assesses the independent and combined effects of (1) perceived peer norms, (2) best friend use, and (3) being in the presence of others who use on middle school adolescents' consumption of marijuana and alcohol, and how the effects of these sources of social influence evolve over time as youth pro...

journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence

authors： Salvy SJ,Pedersen ER,Miles JN,Tucker JS,D'Amico EJ

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00