Abstract:
:Aerobic exercise can serve as an alternative, non-drug reinforcer in laboratory animals and has been recommended as a potential intervention for substance abusing populations. Unfortunately, relatively little empirical data have been collected that specifically address the possible protective effects of voluntary, long-term exercise on measures of drug self-administration. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of chronic exercise on sensitivity to the positive-reinforcing effects of cocaine in the drug self-administration procedure. Female rats were obtained at weaning and immediately divided into two groups. Sedentary rats were housed individually in standard laboratory cages that permitted no exercise beyond normal cage ambulation; exercising rats were housed individually in modified cages equipped with a running wheel. After 6 weeks under these conditions, rats were surgically implanted with venous catheters and trained to self-administer cocaine on a fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement. Once self-administration was acquired, cocaine was made available on a progressive ratio schedule and breakpoints were obtained for various doses of cocaine. Sedentary and exercising rats did not differ in the time to acquire cocaine self-administration or responding on the fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement. However, on the progressive ratio schedule, breakpoints were significantly lower in exercising rats than sedentary rats when responding was maintained by both low (0.3mg/kg/infusion) and high (1.0mg/kg/infusion) doses of cocaine. In exercising rats, greater exercise output prior to catheter implantation was associated with lower breakpoints at the high dose of cocaine. These data indicate that chronic exercise decreases the positive-reinforcing effects of cocaine and support the possibility that exercise may be an effective intervention in drug abuse prevention and treatment programs.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Smith MA,Schmidt KT,Iordanou JC,Mustroph MLdoi
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.05.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-11-01 00:00:00pages
129-35issue
1-2eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(08)00195-6journal_volume
98pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:E-cigarettes are popular among youth, but little is known about the nicotine concentrations of e-liquids used by adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHOD:In Spring, 2014, we conducted cross-sectional surveys in four Connecticut high schools and two middle schools. Among past-30-day e-cigarette users (n=513, 45% fem...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.06.031
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stress is thought to contribute to both initiation and relapse to drug abuse. However, the mechanisms by which stress influences drug use are unclear. Interestingly, responses to acute administration of stimulant drugs resemble certain neuronal and hormonal responses to acute stress, and there is accumulatin...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.12.029
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although opioid withdrawal ratings are frequently used as primary outcomes for therapeutic trials, there has been limited empirical examination of opioid withdrawal symptom onset or etiology as an outcome, and also little examination of differences in outcomes between patient-reported and observer-ratings of withdrawa...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108212
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ukraine's HIV epidemic, primarily affecting people who inject drugs (PWID), is expanding and transitioning despite free opioid substitution therapy (OST) and antiretroviral therapy (ART), two effective ways to reduce HIV transmission. Police detention of PWID not resulting in a formal charge or imprisonment ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.05.018
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Harm reduction refers to the use of strategies to prevent or reduce harmful consequences associated with illicit drug use. There is a paucity of research concerning the harm reduction practices employed by ecstasy users. This study aimed to explore the prevalence, nature and factors associated with harm reduction prac...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.09.009
更新日期:2006-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) have been available without a prescription in the United States since 1996. Given that nicotine, at least as it is delivered through tobacco products, is addictive, we examined whether NRT was being used by individuals who have never smoked cigarettes. Adults (n=18,986) and adolesc...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.05.001
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The misuse of benzodiazepines (BZs) among adolescents is an important issue within the fields of mental health, medicine, and public health. Though there is an increasing amount of research on prescription medication misuse, a relatively small number of studies focus on adolescent BZ misuse. The goal of this...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.01.026
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The number of admissions to addiction treatment centers in the Netherlands for gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) dependence is rapidly growing. Until now, treatment seeking GHB users have hardly been studied. This study characterizes inpatients in treatment for GHB dependence in terms of sociodemographics, motives...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.12.023
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A review of morbidity and mortality studies bearing on the hazards to physical health of chronic heavy alchol use indicates that such use carries a risk of premature death greatly exceeding normal expectancy. While the life style typical of many heavy drinker contributes to this risk, the effects of alcohol per se acc...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(75)90005-8
更新日期:1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic cannabis use has been associated with memory deficits and a volume reduction of the hippocampus, but none of the studies accounted for different effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). METHODS:Using a voxel based morphometry approach optimized for small subcortical structures (D...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.09.020
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent studies suggest that young adult participation in, and volume of, alcohol consumption has decreased. However, the evidence on trends in harmful alcohol consumption in this age group is limited. The current paper aims to examine changes over time in harmful alcohol consumption using a robust, widely em...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108172
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The objective of this study was to understand how adolescent substance use patterns may lead to negative mental health outcomes. METHODS:Data from adolescents (12-17 years old at baseline, Wave 1) who participated in the first 3 waves of the Population Assessment of Health and Tobacco (PATH) study were us...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108385
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Contingency management (CM), despite the evidence base for its effectiveness, remains controversial, with sub-optimal implementation. In 2007, UK guidelines recommended the use of CM in publicly funded services, but uptake has also been minimal. Previous surveys of service providers suggest differences in op...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.016
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alcohol use-particularly unhealthy alcohol use-exacerbates risks associated with Hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, whether unhealthy alcohol use is appropriately addressed among HCV+ patients is understudied. We examined receipt of alcohol-related care among HCV+ patients and unhealthy alcohol use. METHODS:...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.047
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Social context may be an important determinant of drug and alcohol consumption and HIV-related behaviors. To assess the influence of peers on drug users' risk behaviors this study examined the association between individual level and group level behaviors. This analysis reports on the prospective association between b...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(96)01279-3
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors describe the results of an alcohol education course given to 2166 high school students in the area of Padua, Italy. An evaluation was performed, utilizing a before and after technique: it was shown that baseline knowledge of relevant information on alcohology was similar among younger and older teenagers; ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(83)90043-1
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our study compared the results of self-report (SR) plus breath carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring to SR plus urine cotinine (COT) analysis of recent tobacco use for a recently completed smoking cessation study that compared the efficacy of different intensities of psychosocial treatments coupled with 8 weeks of patch tre...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(01)00162-4
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trends in self-reported substance use in surveys of Greek adolescent students show that regular tobacco smoking increased in 1998 (20.8%) after having fallen between 1984 (22%) and 1993 (14.6%). Frequent alcohol consumption decreased in 1998 to 12.1%, from around 15% in both previous surveys. A sharp increase was obse...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00100-3
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cocaine-induced kindling, which has been hypothesized to underlie cocaine-induced craving, is reversed by carbamazepine treatment. Though preliminary studies showed carbamazepine to be useful for relapse prevention in cocaine-dependent subjects, more recent studies have failed to replicate those findings. We conducted...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(95)01100-d
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports on the results of group therapy for the wives of alcoholics where the alcoholics themselves were offered no treatment. The reason for running such a group is based on the idea that wives might seek help before their husbands, might attend sessions regularly and by acquiring better knowledge of alcoh...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(86)90084-0
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1974 we started a follow-up of patients with different psychoactive substance use disorders (PSUD) according to DSM-III; 2082 cases out of 2127 were analyzed; 1370 patients had taken legal drugs (i.e. prescription drugs and/or over-the-counter drugs); 444 patients suffered from abuse or dependence of legal drugs al...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(92)90035-b
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol is a known suppressant of the immune system and alcoholics frequently have impaired humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a single dose of ethanol on the thymus and the possible mechanism of its action. Adult female Wistar rats were divided into three gr...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(92)90024-7
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of injecting drug use and associated risk behaviour among a sentinel sample of ecstasy users. METHODS:Cross-sectional surveys were conducted with regular ecstasy users as part of an annual monitoring study of ecstasy and related drug markets in all Aust...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.11.014
更新日期:2006-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::The present study compared pregnant drug-dependent women reporting homelessness (n=117) or being domiciled (n=118) at treatment enrollment on initial psychosocial functioning and subsequent drug treatment outcome. Homeless pregnant women presented with greater drug use and medical problems, less social service income,...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00229-6
更新日期:2003-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::Hazardous drinking is prevalent among college students, yet few seek treatment. Anxiety sensitivity AS is one factor with relevance to drinking. Yet, there are no known estimates of the prevalence of elevated AS among hazardous drinkers. The current study sought to estimate the prevalence of elevated AS among hazardou...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107922
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the search for clinical and biological variables that may predict relapse of alcohol dependent patients after detoxification, we followed up for 1 year male patients that had undergone successful detoxification. The patients had been tested earlier during their usual alcohol consumption and immediately after detoxi...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(01)00139-9
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pre-clinical studies indicate that high-dose, non-contingent methamphetamine (METH) administration both rapidly and persistently decreases serotonergic neuronal function. Despite research indicating the hippocampus plays an important role in METH abuse and is affected by METH use, effects of METH self-admini...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.04.020
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug dependence units (DDUs) form the cornerstone of government policy response to problem drug taking. Yet we know surprisingly little about the facilities that they can provide and what treatment policies they adopt. This paper constitutes a modest attempt to fill some of the gaps in our knowledge and points to the ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(85)90037-7
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The NIDA Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study yielded different efficacies for different psychosocial treatments for cocaine dependence. However, substantial heterogeneity of patient outcomes was evident. Longitudinal data analysis techniques can be helpful in examining differential effects of psychosocial ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.08.009
更新日期:2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::In this experiment we compared three different schedules of reinforcement for promoting and sustaining short-term drug abstinence. For pragmatic reasons, cigarette smoking was studied as an exemplar of drug self-administration. The three schedules studied were a fixed magnitude of reinforcement for abstinence, a progr...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00073-3
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00