Abstract:
:The vascular endothelium is a monolayer of cells between the vessel lumen and the vascular smooth muscle cells. Nitric oxide (NO) is a soluble gas continuously synthesized from the amino acid L-arginine in endothelial cells by the constitutive calcium-calmodulin-dependent enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS). This substance has a wide range of biological properties that maintain vascular homeostasis, including modulation of vascular dilator tone, regulation of local cell growth, and protection of the vessel from injurious consequences of platelets and cells circulating in blood, playing in this way a crucial role in the normal endothelial function. A growing list of conditions, including those commonly associated as risk factors for atherosclerosis such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, diabetes mellitus and heart failure are associated with diminished release of nitric oxide into the arterial wall either because of impaired synthesis or excessive oxidative degradation. The decreased production of NO in these pathological states causes serious problems in endothelial equilibrium and that is the reason why numerous therapies have been investigated to assess the possibility of reversing endothelial dysfunction by enhancing the release of nitric oxide from the endothelium. In the present review we will discuss the important role of nitric oxide in physiological endothelium and we will pinpoint the significance of this molecule in pathological states altering the endothelial function.
journal_name
Curr Vasc Pharmacoljournal_title
Current vascular pharmacologyauthors
Tousoulis D,Kampoli AM,Tentolouris C,Papageorgiou N,Stefanadis Cdoi
10.2174/157016112798829760subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-01 00:00:00pages
4-18issue
1eissn
1570-1611issn
1875-6212pii
BSP/CVP/E-Pub/0000187journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Biomarkers are used in medicine to facilitate diagnosis, assess risk, direct therapy and determine efficacy of treatment. Sensitivity and specificity are essential in order for a biomarker to be useful. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are considered biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Ho...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016107779317251
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological evidence supports a reduced prevalence of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA) and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) in patients with Diabetes (DM). The mechanisms underlying this negative association are unknown. Some studies support that hyperglycemia has effects on the Extracellular Matrix (ECM), resulting ...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161116666180828155622
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet adhesion on vascular wall is the first step following vascular injury. Differential platelet secretion supports angiogenesis and vascular homeostasis. Progenitor cells are pluripotent cells responsible for tissue regeneration and wound healing. Upon ischemia bone marrow-derived progenitor cells are mobilized ...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016112801784486
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Initially, the progression of chronic venous insufficiency is related to venous hypertension. The earliest complaints or symptoms, as well as vessel wall deterioration, valve restructuring, and, eventually, varicose veins, result not only from elevation of pressure, but also from a cascade of biochemical events relate...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161052773870
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet aggregation induced by stirring of a platelet suspension after activation by the exogenous addition of stimulants, such as ADP, epinephrine and thrombin, has long been used as a platelet function test, and for the screening of antiplatelet agents. Since platelet aggregation has been demonstrated to be mediate...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161043476456
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal pregnancy is associated with increased insulin resistance as a metabolic adaptation to the nutritional demands of the placenta and fetus, and this is amplified in obese mothers. Insulin resistance is normally compensated for by an adaptive increase in pancreatic β-cell mass together with enhanced glucose-stimul...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570161118666200320111209
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central arterial systolic blood pressure is a very important factor in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. Central arterial pressure is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk than peripheral brachial blood pressure. Measurement of central blood pressure is useful for a diagnosis of spurious systolic hyp...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016110793563852
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In end-stage renal disease patients, the leading causes of mortality are of cardiovascular (CV) origin. The underlying mechanisms are complex, given that sudden heart failure is more common than acute myocardial infarction. A contributing role of oxidative stress is postulated, which is increased even at early stages ...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570161118666200317151553
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the effects of the glycosaminoglycan sulodexide (SDX; antithrombotic/profibrinolytic drug) on the activity and release of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in human blood. This was a prospective non-randomized study, analyzing by zymography and ELISA the in vitro effects of SDX on pro-enzyme, complexed, an...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570161111311030010
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visfatin is highly expressed in adipose tissue (mainly by the stromal cells), but it is also ubiquitously present in most tissues. Visfatin, which plays a role in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis, has been implicated in inflammatory states. Controversial results exist about the expression, circulat...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016110790226679
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This essay focuses on nine important lessons learned during more than thirty years of endothelial research. They include: the danger of hiding behind a word, the confusion generated by abbreviations, the need to define the physiological role of the response studied, the local role of endothelium- dependent responses, ...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161114666151202204754
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Hif-1α, a master regulator of ischemia-responsive gene induction, controls pro-angiogenic gene expression of VEGF-A, flt-1, IGF-1 and erythropoietin, rendering its overexpression an attractive tool for therapeutic neovascularization. Utilizing an adenoviral vector system, we investigated the efficacy of sele...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this review is to present, critically appraise and qualitatively synthesize current evidence on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development during menopause, the management of climacteric symptoms in women with T2DM and the management of T2DM in postmenopausal women. Menopause represents the end...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161116666180625124405
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of epidemiological studies have shown that diets rich in plant-derived phenolic compounds reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. The chronic antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities of these compounds have important roles in prevention of lipoprotein oxidation and atherosclerotic lesion development. In re...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161033476736
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive interruptions of breathing, causing Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia (CIH) that can be involved in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. There is evidence showing a close relationship between OSA and atherosclerosis, even in patients who d...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161114666161007164112
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic venous disease (CVeD) is a debilitating condition that affects millions of individuals worldwide. The condition can result in varicose veins, or advance to severe skin changes and venous ulceration. The fundamental basis for CVeD is inflammation within the venous circulation and that it is subjected to increas...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570161111666131126144025
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last decade there have been considerable advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VA) and Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD). Over 80% of SCD occurs in patients with organic heart disease. However, approximately 10-15% of SCD occurs in the presence of structurally ...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016109788340794
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alterations of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) and Klotho levels are considered to be the earliest biochemical abnormality of chronic kidney disease - mineral and bone disease (CKDMBD) syndrome. Moreover, emerging data suggests that the dysregulated FGF-23 and Klotho axis has many effects on the cardiovascular (C...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570161118666200420102100
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several cellular and molecular mechanisms have been implicated in the development of myocardial dysfunction and low cardiac output in pediatric patients undergoing heart surgery. Ischemia- reperfusion injury with alterations in calcium homeostasis as well as mitochondrial function has been strongly related to myocyte ...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161113666151014122557
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiogenesis is central to cardiac repair following myocardial infarction (MI). Cardiac angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)2 significantly increased postMI, which is coincident with activated angiogenesis. The function of ACE2 is to generate angiotensin (Ang)1-7, an active peptide with cellular actions mediated by Mas...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/15701611113119990006
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular failure in sepsis involves a combination of hypovolemia, decreased vascular tone, myocardial depression and microcirculatory alterations. Fluids represent the first line therapeutic intervention, with controversy regarding the type of fluid. Recent data indicate that albumin is safe and might even be be...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To assess the potential differences in the metabolic and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk between the distinct phenotypes of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) according to the Rotterdam definition regardless of body mass index (BMI). PATIENTS-METHODS:The study included 300 women; 240 women with PCOS, according...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1567201812666150120163025
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Volatile Anaesthetics (VA) are commonly used worldwide for induction and/or maintenance of general anaesthesia. They act in the central nervous system to reduce sensation and motor response during surgical and invasive diagnostic procedures. VAs also have some non-anaesthetic properties in the brain when adm...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161115666171013153750
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) and dyslipidaemia are the most common metabolic complications in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). They are associated with a higher risk of lower graft function and survival, as well as an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this review is to provide c...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161117666190619143005
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a syndrome compromising the health of the mother and the fetus. Endothelial damage and reduced metabolism of the vasodilator adenosine occur and fetal hyperinsulinemia associated with deficient insulin response and a metabolic rather than mitogenic phenotype is characteristic of ...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016111797484062
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To reveal the cutoff point and influencing factors in the dynamic change in phenotypic group in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) after Xinxuekang capsule treatment. METHODS:Five hundred and seventy-six SAP patients were randomly assigned to receive Xinxuekang (XXK) capsules or Compound Danshen (CDS...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2174/1570161112666141014151858
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arterial stiffness (AS) is considered an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Among lipid lowering drugs, statins have a beneficial effect on AS, independent of their hypolipidaemic effect. Based on 3 meta-analyses and other studies, this effect is compound- and doserelated. Potent statins at ...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161117666190121102323
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) constitutes the most prevalent form of abnormal respiratory control during sleep in adults. Evidence linked OSA to cardiovascular disease, and the role of OSA in abnormal Blood Pressure (BP) control has been extensively studied. Although longitudinal trials suggest a causativ...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570161115666170414115705
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) are idiopathic, intestinal and systemic inflammatory disorders which are immunologically mediated with the activation of plasma proteolytic cascades. The activation of coagulation in IBD is related to the activity and colonic extension of t...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016112801784495
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several lines of evidence suggest a detrimental effect of aldosterone excess on the development of metabolic alterations. Glucose metabolism derangements due to aldosterone action are frequently observed not only in patients with primary aldosteronism but also in patients with obesity. A contribution to the hyperaldos...
journal_title:Current vascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016112799304969
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00