Uncovering space-independent communities in spatial networks.

abstract：:The detection of biological molecules and their interactions is a significant component of modern biomedical research. In current biosensor technologies, simultaneous detection is limited to a small number of analytes by the spectral overlap of their signals. We have developed an NMR-based xenon biosensor that capital...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spence MM,Rubin SM,Dimitrov IE,Ruiz EJ,Wemmer DE,Pines A,Yao SQ,Tian F,Schultz PG

更新日期：2001-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The major obstacle to the study of functional/structural interrelationships of spinach chloroplasts by using spin labels has been the rapid loss of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signals upon illumination with visible light. The present study demonstrates that the addition of ferredoxin and NADP+ in the pre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sun AS,Calvin M

更新日期：1975-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In diabetes, the death of insulin-producing beta-cells by apoptosis leads to insulin deficiency. The lower prevalence of diabetes in females suggests that female sex steroids protect from beta-cell injury. Consistent with this hypothesis, 17beta-estradiol (estradiol) manifests antidiabetic actions in humans and rodent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Le May C,Chu K,Hu M,Ortega CS,Simpson ER,Korach KS,Tsai MJ,Mauvais-Jarvis F

更新日期：2006-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Anti-TRAP (AT) is a small zinc-binding protein that regulates tryptophan biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis by binding to tryptophan-bound trp RNA-binding attenuation protein (TRAP), thereby preventing it from binding RNA, and allowing transcription and translation of the trpEDCFBA operon. Crystallographic and sediment...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sachleben JR,McElroy CA,Gollnick P,Foster MP

更新日期：2010-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Adaptive behavior requires animals to learn from experience. Ideally, learning should both promote choices that lead to rewards and reduce choices that lead to losses. Because the ventral striatum (VS) contains neurons that respond to aversive stimuli and aversive stimuli can drive dopamine release in the VS, it is po...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Taswell CA,Costa VD,Murray EA,Averbeck BB

更新日期：2018-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a technique for transferring electrophoretically separated bands of RNA from an agarose gel to paper strips. The RNA is coupled covalently to diazobenzyloxymethyl groups on the paper. After transfer and appropriate treatment of the paper to destroy remaining diazo groups, specific RNA bands can be detected...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alwine JC,Kemp DJ,Stark GR

更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein-based hydrogels have emerged as promising alternatives to synthetic hydrogels for biomedical applications, owing to the precise control of structure and function enabled by protein engineering. Nevertheless, strategies for assembling 3D molecular networks that carry the biological information encoded in full-l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sun F,Zhang WB,Mahdavi A,Arnold FH,Tirrell DA

更新日期：2014-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Type C retroviruses are endogenous in most vertebrate species. These viruses generally are of low pathogenicity in their natural hosts. Variants that contain cell-derived transforming genes have been isolated infrequently in the past upon continued passage in vivo. We report here a procedure that allows the isolation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rapp UR,Todaro GJ

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) are ubiquitous growth factors that regulate proliferation in most mammalian tissues including pancreatic islets. To explore the specificity of insulin receptors in compensatory beta-cell growth, we examined two models of insulin resistance. In the first model, we used li...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okada T,Liew CW,Hu J,Hinault C,Michael MD,Krtzfeldt J,Yin C,Holzenberger M,Stoffel M,Kulkarni RN

更新日期：2007-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:A Ca2+-channel blocker derived from funnel-web spider toxin (FTX) has made it possible to define and study the ionic channels responsible for the Ca2+ conductance in mammalian Purkinje cell neurons and the preterminal in squid giant synapse. In cerebellar slices, FTX blocked Ca2+-dependent spikes in Purkinje cells, re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Llinás R,Sugimori M,Lin JW,Cherksey B

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urodeles and fetal mammals are capable of impressive epimorphic regeneration in a variety of tissues, whereas the typical default response to injury in adult mammals consists of inflammation and scar tissue formation. One component of epimorphic regeneration is the recruitment of resident progenitor and stem cells to ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Agrawal V,Johnson SA,Reing J,Zhang L,Tottey S,Wang G,Hirschi KK,Braunhut S,Gudas LJ,Badylak SF

更新日期：2010-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophilic neurite outgrowth-promoting prostaglandin (NEPP) compounds protect neurons from oxidative insults. At least part of the neuroprotective action of NEPPs lies in induction of hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), which, along with other phase II enzymes, serve as a defense system against oxidative stress. Here, we found...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Satoh T,Okamoto SI,Cui J,Watanabe Y,Furuta K,Suzuki M,Tohyama K,Lipton SA

更新日期：2006-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Human gene MAGE-1 encodes tumor-specific antigens that are recognized on melanoma cells by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes. This gene is expressed in a significant proportion of tumors of various histological types, but not in normal tissues except male germ-line cells. We reported previously that reporter genes dr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Smet C,De Backer O,Faraoni I,Lurquin C,Brasseur F,Boon T

更新日期：1996-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiments were designed to determine the interrelationship between cyclic AMP and Ca(2+) during the processes of sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction. In minimal culture media containing pyruvate and lactate as substrates, guinea pig spermatozoa required a minimum of 1.0-1.5 hr to capacitate in the presence ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hyne RV,Garbers DL

更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using an antibody highly specific for D-serine conjugated to glutaraldehyde, we have localized endogenous D-serine in rat brain. Highest levels of D-serine immunoreactivity occur in the gray matter of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, anterior olfactory nucleus, olfactory tubercle, and amygdala. Localizations of D-ser...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schell MJ,Molliver ME,Snyder SH

更新日期：1995-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Mobilization of the T-cell response against cancer has the potential to achieve long-lasting cures. However, it is not known how to harness antigen-presenting cells optimally to achieve an effective antitumor T-cell response. In this study, we show that anti-CD47 antibody-mediated phagocytosis of cancer by macrophages...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tseng D,Volkmer JP,Willingham SB,Contreras-Trujillo H,Fathman JW,Fernhoff NB,Seita J,Inlay MA,Weiskopf K,Miyanishi M,Weissman IL

更新日期：2013-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:A photoreactive derivative of epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been used to identify and specifically label a membrane receptor for EGF on mouse 3T3 cells. Photoactivable EGF, labeled with 125I, was incubated with 3T3 cells and then photolyzed in situ to generate a nitrene capable of reacting with a wide variety of c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Das M,Miyakawa T,Fox CF,Pruss RM,Aharonov A,Herschman HR

更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The conservation of developmental functions exerted by Antp-class homeoproteins in protostomes and deuterostomes suggested that homologs with related functions are present in diploblastic animals. Our phylogenetic analyses showed that Antp-class homeodomains belong either to non-Hox or to Hox/paraHox families. Among t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gauchat D,Mazet F,Berney C,Schummer M,Kreger S,Pawlowski J,Galliot B

更新日期：2000-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Rotavirus is considered a directly transmitted disease due to its high infectivity. Environmental pathways have, therefore, largely been ignored. Rotavirus, however, persists in water sources, and both its surface water concentrations and infection incidence vary with temperature. Here, we examine the potential for wa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kraay ANM,Brouwer AF,Lin N,Collender PA,Remais JV,Eisenberg JNS

更新日期：2018-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A polar lipid containing about 20 per cent of the lipid soluble inositol has been purified from cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This compound labeled with (3)H-inositol, (32)P(i), or (14)C glucose was isolated from aqueous pyridine extracts by means of paper chromatography. Unlabeled compound was obtained by a diff...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Steiner S,Smith S,Waechter CJ,Lester RL

更新日期：1969-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Renal cells isolated from vitamin D-deficient chicks had an increased Na+-dependent phosphate uptake when preincubated with 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25-(OH)2D3]. Phosphate uptake in the absence of Na+ and methyl alpha-glucoside uptake dependent on Na+ were not affected. Phosphate uptake was stimulated 15% by 0...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liang CT,Barnes J,Balakir R,Cheng L,Sacktor B

更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Notch signaling pathway defines an evolutionarily conserved cell-cell interaction mechanism that throughout development controls the ability of precursor cells to respond to developmental signals. Here we show that Notch signaling regulates the expression of the master control genes eyeless, vestigial, and Distal-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kurata S,Go MJ,Artavanis-Tsakonas S,Gehring WJ

更新日期：2000-02-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The rapidly expanding network of roads into the Amazon is permanently altering the world's largest tropical forest. Most proposed road projects lack rigorous impact assessments or even basic economic justification. This study analyzes the expected environmental, social and economic impacts of 75 road projects, totalin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vilela T,Malky Harb A,Bruner A,Laísa da Silva Arruda V,Ribeiro V,Auxiliadora Costa Alencar A,Julissa Escobedo Grandez A,Rojas A,Laina A,Botero R

更新日期：2020-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Serum from a patient (CO) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was reactive in immunoadherence assays with autologous leukemia cells but not with autologous blood lymphocytes or bone marrow cells during complete remission. Extensive absorption tests with an array of leukemia cells and normal cells were performed in order...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Naito K,Yamaguchi H,Horibe K,Shiku H,Takahashi T,Suzuki S,Yamada K

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several domains of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein have been identified that are involved in HIV-1-mediated membrane fusion. One domain that is involved in membrane fusion is the hydrophobic amino terminus of the HIV-1 transmembrane glycoprotein gp41. Here we show that a polar sub...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Freed EO,Delwart EL,Buchschacher GL Jr,Panganiban AT

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Murine endothelial cells are readily transformed in a single step by the polyomavirus oncogene encoding middle-sized tumor antigen. These cells (bEND.3) form tumors (hemangiomas) in mice which are lethal in newborn animals. The bEND.3 cells rapidly proliferate in culture and express little or no thrombospondin 1 (TS1)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sheibani N,Frazier WA

更新日期：1995-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Single-copy transgenes in Caenorhabditis elegans can be subjected to a potent, irreversible silencing process termed small RNA-induced epigenetic silencing (RNAe). RNAe is promoted by the Piwi Argonaute protein PRG-1 and associated Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), as well as by proteins that promote and respond to seco...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leopold LE,Heestand BN,Seong S,Shtessel L,Ahmed S

更新日期：2015-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:To successfully colonize the human gut, enteric bacteria must activate acid resistance systems to survive the extreme acidity (pH 1.5-3.5) of the stomach. The antiporter AdiC is the master orchestrator of the arginine-dependent system. Upon acid shock, it imports extracellular arginine (Arg) into the cytoplasm, provid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsai MF,Miller C

更新日期：2013-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern protein crystal structures are based nearly exclusively on X-ray data collected at cryogenic temperatures (generally 100 K). The cooling process is thought to introduce little bias in the functional interpretation of structural results, because cryogenic temperatures minimally perturb the overall protein backbo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fraser JS,van den Bedem H,Samelson AJ,Lang PT,Holton JM,Echols N,Alber T

更新日期：2011-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), the translocation t(11;14) is considered the cytogenetic hallmark of the disease. Recently, however, deletion of the chromosomal region 11q22-q23 has been identified as a frequent event in this type of cancer, indicating the existence of a pathogenically relevant tumor suppressor gene in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schaffner C,Idler I,Stilgenbauer S,Döhner H,Lichter P

更新日期：2000-03-14 00:00:00