Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Recent studies have been published characterizing the epidemiology of elite controllers. The demographic features, clinical characteristics, and HIV disease outcomes of elite controllers are summarized. RECENT FINDINGS:Elite controllers are defined by the ability to spontaneously suppress plasma viremia. Despite differing definitions in the literature, studies have shown that elite control of HIV infection is established soon after seroconversion and occurs in less than 1% of HIV-infected individuals. Elite controllers are demographically heterogeneous with diverse racial backgrounds and modes of HIV transmission, though genetic studies demonstrate an overrepresentation of protective HLA alleles. Elite controllers typically have elevated CD4 cell counts, stable CD4 trajectories, and more favorable clinical outcomes compared with viremic patients. A proportion of elite controllers, however, may experience HIV disease progression with loss of virologic control, CD4 cell declines, and rarely AIDS-defining events. SUMMARY:Elite controllers are a subgroup of HIV-infected individuals characterized by the ability to spontaneously maintain virologic control. The mechanisms underlying elite control are aggressively being sought to guide vaccine development and novel therapeutic strategies. As elite control may be a temporary state, the ability to distinguish and further characterize elite controllers with long-term clinical success from those with HIV disease progression is of major importance.
journal_name
Curr Opin HIV AIDSjournal_title
Current opinion in HIV and AIDSauthors
Okulicz JF,Lambotte Odoi
10.1097/COH.0b013e328344f35esubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-05-01 00:00:00pages
163-8issue
3eissn
1746-630Xissn
1746-6318pii
01222929-201105000-00005journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to examine the literature regarding HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, early HIV infection of the central nervous system (CNS), the role of the peripheral immune system in controlling HIV infection and disease within the brain and the potential role that early antir...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32832dd0c2
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Outcomes among young people living with HIV (YPLWH) remain disturbingly poor. We summarize recent research on youth-friendly services (YFS) and adolescent-specific differentiated care models, which may improve outcomes across the HIV care continuum for this vulnerable population. We further emphasize ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000454
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this article is to review recent advances in the clinical care of HIV-infected children. RECENT FINDINGS:Obstacles to diagnosing HIV in children and providing clinical care to those HIV infected relate to a number of technical and operational factors. Most countries now have antiretroviral...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282ddedf5
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:With the large international mobilization against HIV/AIDS, more HIV-infected people in resource-limited settings have access to antiretroviral therapy, including pregnant women. The relevance of simplified prophylactic antiretroviral regimens for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282f51b89
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the risk of cardiovascular complications in HIV-infected patients receiving combination antiretroviral treatment. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent data suggest that patients with chronic HIV infection will require continuous lifelong combination antiretroviral treatment, which may increase the risk o...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.COH.0000247389.08485.87
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Although there has been a significant increase in mHealth interventions addressing the HIV prevention and care continuum, interventions using game mechanics have been less explored. Digital games are rapidly becoming an important tool for improving health behaviors and supporting the delivery of care ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000399
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this paper is to assess the contribution of antiretroviral therapy to cardiovascular disease, by evaluating relevant clinical and surrogate outcome studies. RECENT FINDINGS:A large proportion of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy develop insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, particul...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282fb7bcf
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:It is generally accepted that a high degree of adherence to the dosing regimens of protease inhibitors is essential to avoid virological failure. It is also believed that once-daily dosing of protease inhibitors, by improving adherence, will lead to better outcomes. This review will discuss the patter...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32831271c2
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Significant gastrointestinal pathology occurs in progressive HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections. This review will examine the relationship between the detrimental events to the gastrointestinal tract during the acute phase of infection and disease progression through the chronic ph...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282f9ae9c
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Measuring the burden of HIV among key populations is subject to many challenges. Sufficient quantities of valid HIV prevalence and programme coverage data are required to effectively respond to the epidemic. RECENT FINDINGS:Ability to validate exposure to unprotected sex through the innovative use of...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000046
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review provides international insights into the real-world clinical approach to screening for bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis in people living with HIV (PLWH) using opinions from HIV physicians from key regions around the world. RECENT FINDINGS:Although a significant proportion of PL...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000269
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To provide an update on the origin of the HIV epidemic and insights into how the immune response is shaping virus evolution. RECENT FINDINGS:Characterization of archival samples showed that by the 1960s, HIV had already diverged within humans. It is now estimated that HIV has been in humans since at ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32832c0672
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To examine the literature in search of data supporting (stopping highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) temporarily in the absence of virus rebound) to expand HIV treatment options. RECENT FINDINGS:We proposed investigating HAART interruptions after the 'Berlin patient' had discontinued HAART w...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328011aad6
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the status of HIV vaccine development RECENT FINDINGS:Since the discovery of HIV-1 in the early 1980s considerable effort has been exerted to develop a prophylactic vaccine, with relatively meagre results. The absence of natural immunity has proven to be a major stumbling block in identifyi...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32834ddc96
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:With the introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) and consequent reduction in the incidence of AIDS-related mortality, there has been a relative increase in the importance of non-AIDS-related conditions such as liver disease. This article reviews the positive and potential negative impac...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000022
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Knowledge of HIV status is the gateway to HIV treatment and prevention, and optimizing this pillar is essential to bend the curve of the HIV epidemic toward zero new infections. This review will discuss the epidemiology of serostatus awareness, including disparities among key populations, and explore ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000590
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To determine whether current evidence and expert opinion support the routine use of anal cytology and high-resolution anoscopy in men who have sex with men. RECENT FINDINGS:Most recently published guidelines do not recommend routine anal cytology, but anal cancer is undoubtedly a serious and growing ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/coh.0b013e32831a6fe0
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Increasing evidence suggests that purging the latent HIV reservoir in virally suppressed individuals will require both the induction of viral replication from its latent state and the elimination of these reactivated HIV-infected cells ('Shock and Kill' strategy). Boosting potent HIV-specific CD8 T ce...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000286
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to summarize the current standards of care for both HIV treatment and HIV prevention in 2019. RECENT FINDINGS:Current HIV treatment is started as soon as feasible in a person with HIV infection and consists of a three-drug oral daily antiretroviral regimen, consisting of...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000588
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To explore the possible role of current prophylactic vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV) in the prevention of anal intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA). RECENT FINDINGS:SCCA incidence is increasing in several developed countries, particularly in HIV-positiv...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32831b9c81
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Alcohol and noninjection drug use has been shown to be associated with increased risk of HIV infection in select populations. In this review, we discuss recent data on the prevalence of alcohol and noninjection drug use and the relationship to HIV acquisition and transmission risk. RECENT FINDINGS:A ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32832aa902
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:As understanding and integrating the structural and biomedical determinants of HIV infection is essential for the success of prevention efforts, there is a need for biomedical and social scientists to work together. RECENT FINDINGS:A review of the biomedical research literature indicates that the two...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32830136a0
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Although the goal of preventive HIV vaccine design is primarily the induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), recent evidence suggests that a protective response will also benefit from Fc effector functions. Here, we provide an update on the antibody response to HIV infection, including bo...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000559
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The review addresses the role of dolutegravir (DTG) in first-line therapy. In the era of test and treat, where United Nations AIDS Program and WHO have set the ambitious targets of 90/90/90, new efficacious, well tolerated, and simple therapeutic options are needed. RECENT FINDINGS:DTG has been teste...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000388
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Modern interferon (IFN)-free, and potentially also ribavirin-free, combinations consisting of two or three direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are highly efficacious in treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with treatment durations being much shorter and with much more favorable toxicity prof...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000181
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Effective therapies have transformed HIV infection into a chronic disease, and new problems are arising related to aging. This article reviews the aging process, age-related deficit accumulation and frailty, and how these might be affected by chronic HIV infection. RECENT FINDINGS:Aging is characteri...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000070
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review discusses the use of the inhibitory quotient in light of therapeutic drug monitoring of antiretroviral drugs. The inhibitory quotient is a parameter that combines viral resistance data with drug exposure data, and has its main role in therapeutic drug monitoring of protease inhibitors in e...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282fbaaba
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The recent modest success of the RV144 HIV vaccine trial in Thailand has shown that development of an HIV vaccine is possible. Designing a vaccine that achieves better protection, however, will require a more complete understanding of vaccine mechanisms of action and correlates of protection. Systems ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32834ddcd9
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In the next 5-10 years, neither antiviral drug treatment nor a preventive vaccine is expected to provide a solution to the HIV epidemic. To achieve a relevant public health benefit, it is time to change focus and develop immune therapies to achieve a beneficial viral load reduction in the absence of d...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282f50c21
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Natural killer (NK) cells promote antiviral immunity by producing proinflammatory cytokines and by lysing infected cells. In addition, NK cells can modulate dendritic cell functions. NK-dendritic cell crosstalk results in activation of both cell types, with dendritic cells promoting NK-cell activity a...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328349b089
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00