Abstract:
:Hyperglycemia unawareness is the term suggested to me (M. Muggeo, personal communication, 1997) to encompass very broadly all of the stages in diabetes mellitus from the onset of any degree of hyperglycemia until the diagnosis is actually made. Diabetes and its handmaiden, obesity, are growing in epidemic proportions in the US and worldwide. In contrast to obesity where the diagnosis is recognized quite early by the patient, the family and the physician, the diagnosis of diabetes may be delayed from 5 to 15 years after its onset1-5. A significant minority of adults, when newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes, have definable evidence of macrovascular or microvascular complications. Presumably those same individuals, were we able to examine their cells and organs, would show additional evidence of the complications of diabetes. Likewise, with the recognition that hyperglycemia per se is a very powerful determinant of the complications of diabetes, we suspect that even those people with the delayed recognition of hyperglycemia but without evidence of complications at the time of diagnosis already have sustained some of the underlying damage typical of diabetic complications. This is supported by the finding that in this group of patients, there are those who will have an 'accelerated rate' of onset of diabetic complications2 (relative to patients with Type 1 diabetes where the onset of hyperglycemia is very close to the time of the diagnosis). Our interpretation is that the progress of the disease may not really be especially rapid; rather, the dating of the onset has been incorrect.
journal_name
Diabetes Metab Res Revjournal_title
Diabetes/metabolism research and reviewsauthors
Roth Jdoi
10.1002/1520-7560(200007/08)16:4<228::aid-dmrr125>keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-07-01 00:00:00pages
228-9issue
4eissn
1520-7552issn
1520-7560pii
10.1002/1520-7560(200007/08)16:4<228::AID-DMRR125>journal_volume
16pub_type
评论,社论abstract:BACKGROUND:There is conflicting information regarding the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in twin pregnancies. This study was conducted to determine whether the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus is higher in pregnant Japanese women with twin versus singleton pregnancy. METHODS:The prevalence of gestational d...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.2586
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intestinal microbiota has come to be considered an additional risk factor for the development of metabolic diseases. Considering the potential role of antimicrobials as modulators of the intestinal microbiota, they have been investigated for use in the adjuvant treatment of obesity and insulin resistance (IR). In ...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/dmrr.3014
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:ZAC (Zinc finger protein that regulates apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest) is a candidate gene for transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM). This condition involves severe insulin deficiency at birth that reverses over weeks or months but may relapse with diabetes recurring in later life. ZAC overexpression...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.2325
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasing coprevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) indicates a rising threat to the decades of progress made against TB and requires global attention. This systematic review provides a summary of type 2 diabetes and tuberculosis coprevalence in var...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.3066
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recently, a genome-wide association study identified a strong association between the fat mass- and obesity-associated rs9939609 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the risk of obesity in European population. However, the results in Chinese population were reported to be contradictory. Therefore, our ai...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.1066
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small fibres constitute 70-90% of peripheral nerve fibres and regulate several key functions such as tissue blood flow, temperature and pain perception as well as sweating, all of which are highly relevant to the clinical presentation and adverse outcomes associated with foot ulcerations in patients with diabetes. Rec...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,实务指引
doi:10.1002/dmrr.1222
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Psammomys obesus gerbil exhibits PKCepsilon over-expression on high-energy (HE) diet. Muscle insulin receptor (IR) signalling and tyrosine kinase activity are inhibited eliciting insulin resistance. We aimed at preventing diabetes by inhibiting PKCepsilon-induced serine phosphorylation of IRS-1 with novel PKC...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.881
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin resistance is characterized by hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress prior to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. To date, a number of mechanisms have been proposed to link these syndromes together, but it remains unclear what the unifying condition that triggered these events in the prog...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/dmrr.2601
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High birth weight has been related to an increased risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D), while suboptimal birth weight (both high and low) has been related to obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance, as a consequence of poor metabolic control, has been described in T1D patients. The aims...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.2361
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Foot problems complicating diabetes are a source of major patient suffering and societal costs. Investing in evidence-based, internationally appropriate diabetic foot care guidance is likely among the most cost-effective forms of healthcare expenditure, provided it is goal-focused and properly implemented. The Interna...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.2694
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent study from Gallagher et al. aimed to investigate the effect of a new depeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitor, MK-0626, on bone turnover in a mouse model developing insulin resistance and diabetes (MKR mice). Authors have found that treatment with MK-0626 did not affect either MKR mice fasting glucose or parameters o...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.2505
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We conducted a clinical research study to determine the effect of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) on glycaemic control and the value of a putatively less painful blood sampling technique on SMBG in oral hypoglycaemic agent-treated type 2 diabetes patients; SMBG has not been broadly applied in non-ins...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/dmrr.2363
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a "Cinderella" complication, particularly in the Middle East. A high prevalence of undiagnosed DN and those at risk of diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) is a major concern. We have determined the prevalence of DN and its risk factors, DFU, and those at risk of DFU in patients with type 2 d...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.3286
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Every year, over 1 million people with diabetes lose a leg due to diabetic foot disease. Most amputations are preceded by a foot ulcer. Causes for the development of foot ulcers are generally multifactorial and may include neuropathy, peripheral vasculopathy, abnormal foot mechanics and infection. Multidisciplinary ap...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.2527
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by elevated blood glucose levels that drive the development of life-threatening complications. Diabetes results from a situation of insufficient insulin action, either by deficient production of the hormone by the pancreas, or by the development of insulin resist...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/dmrr.3107
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study assesses the autonomic function of patients who have regained awareness of hypoglycaemia following islet cell or whole pancreas transplant. METHODS:Five patients with type 1 diabetes and either islet cell (four patients) or whole pancreas (one patient) transplant were assessed. These patients wer...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.2652
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To evaluate possible differences in distal polyneuropathy (PN) characteristics and degree of abnormalities for various small and large fibre parameters in diabetes type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2). METHODS:Sixty-six DM1 and 57 DM2 patients with or without PN symptoms were included. Nerve conduction studies (NC...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.1049
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cross-sectional and family studies identified angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy (DN). The contribution of ACE gene variants to DN development and progression is controversial and varies among different ethnic/racial groups. METHODS:We investigated the associa...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.1006
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Treatment with DiaPep277, a peptide derived from HSP60, has been shown to preserve beta-cell function in non-obese diabetic mouse (NOD) mice and in a trial with newly diagnosed human patients with type 1 diabetes treated over a 10-month period. This article extends the clinical trial observations to a total ...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/dmrr.712
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islet cell antibodies (ICA) are a specific marker for Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. ICA are found in the serum of over 80% of newly diagnosed patients and the levels of ICA are directly of prognostic value. Standardisation of ICA and the uniform reporting of ICA levels in international units is critica...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-7560(199901/02)15:1<72::aid-dmr
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Increased plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) have been suggested to be a part of the insulin resistance syndrome, and recent data suggest that adipose tissue participates in the production of PAI-1. We examined the expression and insulin regulation of subcutaneous adipose tissue PAI-1 ...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1520-7560(2000)9999:9999<::aid-dmrr148>3.0
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It has been shown that subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), whose plasma glucose (PG) levels do not return to their fasting PG level within 2 h during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (Group I), have a significantly higher risk to develop type 2 diabetes than NGT subjects whose 2-h glucose retu...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.951
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leptin's hematopoietic or proinflammatory role has been experimentally reported. We investigated whether serum leptin concentrations are associated with white blood cell (WBC) counts in humans. METHODS:Serum leptin concentrations of Japanese civil servants aged 40 to 59 years (1082 men and 200 women) were a...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.540
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We have investigated the possible role of ACP1 (also known as cLMWPTP: cytosolic low molecular weight phosphotyrosine phosphatase), a highly polymorphic enzyme involved in signal transduction of T-cell receptor, insulin receptor and other growth factors in the relationship between maternal age at delivery an...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.521
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Heparanase is an endo-beta-D-glucuronidase that cleaves heparan sulfate saccharide chains. The enzyme promotes cell adhesion, migration and invasion, and was shown to play a significant role in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. METHODS:The present study focuses on the involvement of heparanase in autoimmu...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.868
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to reducing hyperglycaemia, the metabolic actions of TZDs (pioglitazone and rosiglitazone) in theory might improve the prognosis of patients with type 2 diabetes. However, it appears from recent data that pioglitazone and rosiglitazone have different cardiovascular risk profiles. The scope of this paper is...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/dmrr.937
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We aimed to predict the incidence of obesity in a Korean population using a genetic risk score (GRS) constructed with obesity-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) along with an oxidative stress score (OSS). METHODS:A total of 9460 Korean subjects and 356 974 SNPs were included. The GRS was constru...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.3230
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lispro Mix 25% insulin lispro/75% insulin lispro protamine (LM25) and Lispro Mix 50% insulin lispro/50% insulin lispro protamine (LM50) were compared as starter insulins in East Asian patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS:Phase 4, open-label, randomized trial conducted in China, Japan, Korea, and Turkey. S...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/dmrr.2816
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder which is characterized by the development of resistance to the cellular activity of insulin or inadequate insulin production. It leads to hyperglycemia, prolonged inflammation, and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is assumed to play an important role in the develo...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/dmrr.3060
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Palliative care is a philosophy and a system for deciding care and can be used alone or integrated with usual chronic disease care. Palliative care encompasses end-of-life care. Palliative care aims to enhance quality of life, optimize function and manage symptoms including early in the course of chronic diseases. The...
journal_title:Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/dmrr.2758
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00