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The effects of thyroid hormones on brown adipose tissue in humans: a PET-CT study.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is important for energy expenditure through thermogenesis, although its regulatory factors are not well known in humans. There is evidence suggesting that thyroid hormones affect BAT functions in some mammals, but the effects of thyroid hormones on BAT activity in humans are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of thyroid hormones on glucose metabolism of BAT and other organs in humans. METHODS:Nine Graves' disease-caused hyperthyroid patients who were newly diagnosed and untreated were studied. Putative brown adipose tissue activity was determined by the integrated ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron-emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT). All hyperthyroid patients were treated with methimazole and had been monitored until their symptoms disappeared and thyroid hormone levels returned to normal. At the end, a second PET-CT scan was performed. The average follow-up period was 77 days. Meanwhile, compared with a group of seventy-five brown adipose tissue-negative controls, thyroid hormones of seventy-five BAT-positive healthy subjects were measured. RESULTS:Active brown adipose tissue was not present in any of the hyperthyroid patients. However, one patient with normalized thyroid function showed active BAT after therapy. The free T3 levels and free T4 levels were significantly lower in the 75 BAT-positive subjects than in the BAT-negative subjects. All hyperthyroid patients showed symmetrically increased uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose in skeletal muscles before treatment, whereas, the standardized uptake value was substantially decreased after treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Abnormally high circulating thyroid hormone levels may not increase brown adipose tissue activity, which may be limited by the increased obligatory thermogenesis of muscle in adult humans.

journal_name

Diabetes Metab Res Rev

journal_title

Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews

authors

Zhang Q,Miao Q,Ye H,Zhang Z,Zuo C,Hua F,Guan Y,Li Y

doi

10.1002/dmrr.2556

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-09-01 00:00:00

pages

513-20

issue

eissn

1520-7552

issn

1520-7560

journal_volume

pub_type

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The effects of thyroid hormones on brown adipose tissue in humans: a PET-CT study.