Abstract：
PURPOSE:Skeletal and craniofacial muscles are frequently composed of multiple neuromuscular compartments that serve different physiological functions. Evidence of possible regional selectivity in LR intramuscular innervation was sought in a study of the anatomic potential of lateral rectus (LR) muscle compartmentalization. METHODS:Whole orbits of two humans and five macaque monkeys were serially sectioned at 10-microm thickness and stained with Masson trichrome. The abducens nerve (CN6) was traced anteriorly from the deep orbit as it branched to enter the LR and arborized among extraocular muscle (EOM) fibers. Three-dimensional reconstruction was performed in human and monkey orbits. RESULTS:Findings were in concordance in the monkey and human orbits. External to the LR global surface, CN6 bifurcated into approximately equal-sized trunks before entering the global layer. Subsequent arborization showed a systematic topography, entering a well-defined inferior zone 0.4 to 2.5 mm more posteriorly than branches entering the largely nonoverlapping superior zone. Zonal innervation remained segregated anteriorly and laterally within the LR. CONCLUSIONS:Consistent segregation of intramuscular CN6 arborization in humans and monkeys suggests functionally distinct superior and inferior zones for the LR. Since the LR is shaped as a broad vertical strap, segregated control of the two zones could activate them separately, potentially mediating previously unappreciated but substantial torsional and vertical oculorotary LR actions.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Peng M,Poukens V,da Silva Costa RM,Yoo L,Tychsen L,Demer JLdoi
10.1167/iovs.10-5330subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-09-01 00:00:00pages
4612-7issue
9eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
iovs.10-5330journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The uveal absorption of aqueous humor at two different intraocular pressures was measured in rhesus monkeys by sampling vortex vein blood during anterior chamber perfusion of Ringer's solution containing both fluorescein and 125I albumin. At 20 mm. Hg, an excess of fluorescein equivalent in amount to 0.45 microliter/m...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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abstract：Purpose:To test the amblyopic suppression at mid to low spatial frequencies when compensating for signal attenuation. Methods:Eight amblyopes with (n = 5) or without (n = 3) strabismus and 10 normal controls with normal or corrected to normal visual acuity (≥20/20) and normal stereopsis (≤40 arcseconds) participated. ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：10.1167/iovs.09-4613
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
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abstract：PURPOSE:Placental growth factor (PlGF) has been implicated as a contributor to resistance against anti-VEGF therapy. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the systemic levels of PlGF, VEGF-A, and VEGF-B in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) after treatment with aflibercept, ranib...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:It is well documented that grafting of cells in the subretinal space of Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats limits deterioration of vision and loss of photoreceptors if performed early in postnatal life. What is unclear is whether cells introduced later, when photoreceptor degeneration is already advanced, can...
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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