Abstract:
AIMS:To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for mycophenolic acid (MPA) in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), identify covariates that explain variability and determine the Bayesian estimator of the area under the concentration-time curve over 12 h (AUC(0-12)). METHODS:The pharmacokinetic model of MMF was described from 23 patients aged 7.4 +/- 3.9 years (range 2.9-14.9) using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling (NONMEM) software. A two-compartment model with lag-time and first-order absorption and elimination was developed. The final model was validated using visual predictive check. Bayesian estimator was validated using circular permutation method. RESULTS:The population pharmacokinetic parameters were apparent oral clearance 9.7 l h(-1), apparent central volume of distribution 22.3 l, apparent peripheral volume of distribution 250 l, inter-compartment clearance 18.8 l h(-1), absorption rate constant 5.16 h(-1), lag time 0.215 h. The covariate analysis identified body weight and serum albumin as individual factors influencing the apparent oral clearance. Accurate Bayesian estimation of AUC(0-12) was obtained using the combination of three MPA concentrations measured just before (T(0)), 1 and 4 h (T(1) and T(4)) after drug intake with a small error of 0.298 microg h(-1) ml(-1) between estimated and reference AUC(0-12). CONCLUSIONS:The population pharmacokinetic model of MPA was developed in children with INS. A three-point (T(0), T(1) and T(4)h) Bayesian estimator of AUC(0-12) was developed and might be used to investigate the relation between MPA pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics in children with INS and determine if there is any indication to monitor MPA exposure in order to improve patient outcome based on individual AUC-controlled MMF dosing.
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Zhao W,Elie V,Baudouin V,Bensman A,André JL,Brochard K,Broux F,Cailliez M,Loirat C,Jacqz-Aigrain Edoi
10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03615.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-01 00:00:00pages
358-66issue
4eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125pii
BCP3615journal_volume
69pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究abstract::1. The single dose pharmacokinetics of orally administered nimodipine (60 mg) were investigated in normal subjects and in two groups of epileptic patients receiving chronic treatment with hepatic microsomal enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, phenobarbitone or phenytoin) and sodium valproate, respectively....
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1991.tb03908.x
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The goal of this study was to determine the frequencies of important allelic variants in the TPMT, NAT2, GST, SULT1A1 and MDR-1 genes in the Egyptian population and compare them with the frequencies in other ethnic populations. METHODS:Genotyping was carried out in a total of 200 unrelated Egyptian subjects. TPMT...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01786.x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Theories linking 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) with depression are briefly reviewed. The various experimental strategies adopted to investigate this relationship, examination of autopsy data, CSF metabolite data, 5-HT re-uptake patterns in human blood platelets and imipramine binding studies in human platelets, are dis...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02130.x
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Endogenous dopamine, acting through specific receptors on blood vessels, renal tubules and adrenal cortical cells, may play a role in the development and maintenance of the hypertensive state. 2. In hypertensive patients, activation of the DA1-receptor with intravenous fenoldopam produces a rapid and sustained redu...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb05470.x
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of separate 7 day pretreatments with sulphinpyrazone (800 mg daily) and cimetidine (1 g daily) on the disposition of (+/-)-verapamil have been examined in eight healthy volunteers (four male, four female). Each subject received single oral (80 mg) and intravenous (0.15 mg/kg) doses of verapamil on differen...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1985.tb02658.x
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the administration of direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and the occurrence of alopecia. Our aim was to analyse the reports of alopecia following DOAC administration received until 2 May 2018 from VigiBase, the World Health Organization database. A descriptive analysis of age, sex, serious...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14221
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To investigate the relationships between pretreatment folate concentrations, MTX pharmacokinetics and acute toxicities following high dose methotrexate (HD MTX) therapy. METHODS:MTX and its major extracellular metabolite 7-OH-MTX were measured in eight serum samples per HD MTX cycle in 65 consecutive osteosarcoma...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04054.x
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The renal response to a challenge of maximal water diuresis has been studied in seven subjects pretreated over 48 h with either placebo, probenecid, indomethacin or piroxicam. Probenecid did not alter the excretion of water and sodium chloride when compared with placebo responses, but increased both phosphate and urat...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1988.tb03355.x
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To examine the effects of salbutamol and L-arginine, two compounds acting largely on the endothelium, and the endothelium-independent agent nitroglycerin on blood pressure, arterial compliance, cardiac function and vascular resistance. METHODS:Continuous radial pulse wave analysis, whole-body impedance cardiograp...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03434.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The population pharmacokinetics of lisinopril were investigated using data collected from two multicentre trials of lisinopril in the treatment of hypertension in elderly patients (n = 40) and patients with renal disease (n = 20). 2. Lisinopril was started at doses of 2.5-5 mg daily and increased at 2-4 weekly inte...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb05335.x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evolution of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment has improved our understanding and management of complex pharmacological issues that have driven improved outcomes and quality of life of the HIV-infected patient. These issues include adherence, long- and short-term toxicities, pharmacoenhancement, pharmac...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/bcp.12403
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:This study aims to investigate the clinical and demographic factors influencing gentamicin pharmacokinetics in a large cohort of unselected premature and term newborns and to evaluate optimal regimens in this population. METHODS:All gentamicin concentration data, along with clinical and demographic characteristics...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.12444
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT Reflux oesophagitis is a common clinical disorder associated with significant morbidity. Proton pump inhibitors are the current pharmacotherapy of choice, but not all treated patients achieve symptom relief. Little is known about the efficacy of mosapride, a prokinetic agent wh...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03696.x
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possibility that vigabatrin (VGB) decreases serum phenytoin (PHT) concentration by lowering the oral bioavailability of PHT was investigated in 21 patients with epilepsy. Each patient was switched from oral to intravenous PHT for 5 days before and after combined treatment with VGB. After VGB (2-3.5 g day(-1) for a...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1993.tb00422.x
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Previous studies of the prescription patterns of psychotropic medications in patients with schizophrenia have highlighted a high rate of antipsychotic polypharmacy, but data in Asia are sparse. This study seeks to examine the prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy in patients with schizophrenia and compare the d...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2004.02102.x
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 The anticholinergic effects of atropine and two antihistamines (terfenadine and mequitazine) were investigated vs placebo in a double-blind study. 2 Salivary secretion, basal pupil diameter, pilocarpine (0.25%) induced miosis and heart rate were determined in eight healthy volunteers, seven male and one female, aged...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1988.tb03278.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aim was to examine relationships between total and unbound mycophenolic acid (MPA) and prednisolone exposure and clinical outcomes in patients with lupus nephritis. METHODS:Six blood samples were drawn pre- and at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h post-dose and total and unbound MPA and prednisolone pre-dose (C0 ), maximum ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.12678
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The goal of this study is to present the utility of quantitative modelling for extrapolation of drug safety and efficacy to underrepresented populations in controlled clinical trials. To illustrate this, the stepwise development of an integrated disease/pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics model of antipyretic efficac...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14326
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individual and population differences in polymorphic cytochrome P450 enzyme function have been known for decades. The biological significance of these differences has now been deciphered with regard to drug metabolism, action and toxicity as well as disposition of endogenous substrates, including neuroactive compounds...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/bcp.12227
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A review of all medication incidents reported to the National Reporting and Learning System (NRLS) in England in Wales between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2010 was undertaken. The 526,186 medication incident reports represented 9.68% of all patient safety incidents. Medication incidents from acute general hospitals...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04166.x
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT:Rotigotine transdermal patch is a new non-ergolinic dopamine agonist developed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome. Peripheral dopaminergic side-effects of dopamine agonists such as nausea and vomiting can be prevented by the antiemetic agent domp...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03334.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::People who are 60 years old and older have the highest incidence of developing new-onset epilepsy. The increase of the ageing population has resulted in a greater number of patients with new-onset epilepsy or at risk of developing the condition. Previously published review articles regarding epilepsy in older patients...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/bcp.13653
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A novel formulation of nicardipine (50% standard (short acting), 50% sustained release) was evaluated in mild hypertension in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, using clinic measurements (Hawksley) augmented by home recorded blood pressures (Copal UA 251). 2. Nicardipine 60 mg twice daily for 28 ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03418.x
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of single oral doses of atenolol 50 mg and xamoterol 200 mg (a recently developed partial beta 1-adrenoceptor agonist) on lung function, heart rate and blood pressure were investigated in 11 patients with asthma. Xamoterol caused a significant increase in heart rate and systolic blood pressure, which chang...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb02940.x
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Fourteen hypertensive patients were studied by intra-arterial BP monitoring to quantify the effects of standardized physiological stresses: Valsalva manoeuvre, isometric, treadmill and bicycle exercise, and 60 degree tilting before and after labetalol treatment. 2 The dose of labetalol ranged from 100--600 mg three ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Mizolastine, a new benzimidazole derivative with potent selective, non-sedative H1-histamine antagonist activity was compared with terfenadine, cetirizine and loratadine using the histamine-induced wheal and flare model in healthy volunteers. 2. Study design was a five way double-blind crossover design using a sing...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To compare gastric acid suppression by netazepide, a gastrin/CCK2 receptor antagonist, with that by a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), and to determine if netazepide can prevent the trophic effects of PPI-induced hypergastrinaemia. METHODS:Thirty healthy subjects completed a double-blind, randomized, parallel group t...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/bcp.12534
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The airway and cardiovascular effects of intravenous neurokinin A (NKA) and substance P (SP) were compared in six normal subjects. Both SP and NKA increased skin temperature (SkT) and heart rate (HR), but SP was more potent than NKA by factors of 6 and 20 respectively. No change in systolic blood pressure (BP) occurre...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1988.tb03302.x
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We report a method for measuring the concentrations of haloperidol (HL) and its major active metabolite, reduced haloperidol (RHL), in human scalp hair. 2. Hair samples were obtained from 59 patients who had been taking HL at fixed daily doses for more than 4 months and whose compliance was good. A morning pre-dose...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03618.x
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Oxycodone hydrochloride (0.1 mg kg-1) was given by intravenous bolus to 18 children after ophthalmic surgery. Plasma was sampled for up to 8 h. Blood pressure, heart rate, peripheral arteriolar oxygen saturation, end-tidal carbon dioxide and halothane concentrations and ventilatory rate were also recorded. 2. Mean ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04324.x
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00