The evolution of three decades of antiretroviral therapy: challenges, triumphs and the promise of the future.

abstract：:1 The effect of once daily nadolol therapy in sixteen ambulant patients with essential hypertension has been closely assessed during exercise and over 24 h by continuous intra-arterial recording. 2 The drug was well tolerated and showed similar efficacy to other beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents. Whilst blood pressure...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Hornung RS,Gould BA,Kieso H,Raftery EB

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Confusion between the criteria for defining and diagnosing hypertension may have misled the search for the causes of hypertension. 2. The systematic approach of molecular genetics appears to offer the best chance of explaining hypertension, but the attractions are partly offset by the large numbers required, and un...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Brown MJ

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1 Twelve-week courses of oxprenolol and methyldopa were administered in a randomised, double-blind cross over study to ten insulin dependent hypertensive diabetics. 2 Prior to treatment, and at the end of each period of drug administration, fasting levels of high density lipoprotein, triglycerides, free fatty acids an...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Benfield GF,Hunter KR

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolomics is recognized as a powerful top-down system biological approach to understand genetic-environment-health paradigms paving new avenues to identify clinically relevant biomarkers. It is nowadays commonly used in clinical applications shedding new light on physiological regulatory processes of complex mammal...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Collino S,Martin FP,Rezzi S

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. We investigated the effect of the haemostatic agent ethamsylate on aspirin-induced gastric mucosal bleeding. 2. Eighteen healthy subjects were studied three times: at the end of 48 h periods of treatment with (a) placebo, (b) aspirin 600 mg four times daily, (9 doses) and (c) aspirin 600 mg four times daily with ea...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Daneshmend TK,Stein AG,Bhaskar NK,Hawkey CJ

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) alters the anatomical structure of the gastrointestinal tract, which can result in alterations in drug disposition. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the oral disposition of two compounds belonging to the Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II - fenofibrate (bil...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Gesquiere I,Hens B,Van der Schueren B,Mols R,de Hoon J,Lannoo M,Matthys C,Foulon V,Augustijns P

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:The aim of this analysis was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model for Emfilermin (recombinant human leukaemia inhibitory factor, r-hLIF) following subcutaneous administration to healthy postmenopausal women and to infertile patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). METHODS:...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Goggin T,Nguyen QT,Munafo A

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The in vitro conversion of enalapril (MK421) to enalaprilic acid (MK422) in human autopsy tissues was examined. MK422 was measured by radioimmunoassay. Human cadaver liver was the only tissue in which significant conversion was demonstrated. The esterase activity was stable after post mortem. Autopsy liver tissues fro...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Larmour I,Jackson B,Cubela R,Johnston CI

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that functions as a key regulator of cell growth, division and survival. Many haematologic malignancies exhibit elevated or aberrant mTOR activation, supporting the launch of numerous clinical trials aimed at evaluating the potential of single agent m...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Lee JS,Vo TT,Fruman DA

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:Since suspicion has been raised that administration of an oral live attenuated rotavirus vaccine may increase the risk of intussusception in young children, there has been concern about the possible effects of oral polio vaccine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between oral attenuated polio v...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Jick H,Vasilakis-Scaramozza C,Jick SS

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:Mexiletine has been reported to be hydroxylated by cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) in humans. However, the involvement of CYP1A2 in the metabolism of mexiletine has been proposed based on the interaction with theophylline which is mainly metabolized by CYP1A2. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of human CY...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Nakajima M,Kobayashi K,Shimada N,Tokudome S,Yamamoto T,Kuroiwa Y

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Darunavir is an efficacious drug; however, pharmacokinetic variability has been reported. The objective of this study was to find predisposing factors for low darunavir plasma concentrations in patients starting the once- or twice-daily dosage. Darunavir plasma concentrations from January 2010 till December 2014 of hu...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Daskapan A,Stienstra Y,Kosterink JGW,Bierman WFW,van der Werf TS,Touw DJ,Alffenaar JC

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1 Isoxicam was found to inhibit monocyte and neutrophil cell chemotaxis at therapeutic concentrations. 2 The effect was observed after in vitro incubation of normal cells and in vivo in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 3 Compared to other NSAIDs studied in our laboratory, isoxicam was shown to have a broader spectr...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Martinez JG,Murakami SI,Scheinberg MA

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Metoprolol (ME), pindolol (PI) and propranolol (PR) were studied in nine subjects at different doses and at 'maximum beta-adrenoceptor blockade' at a defined exercise load. Exercise tests were performed after each dosing period; isoprenaline stimulation was studied at the highest dose level. 2. ME and PR reduced he...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Gugler R,Krist R,Raczinski H,Höffgen K,Bodem G

更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Benzodiazepines and "Z drugs" are often prescribed in residents of nursing homes (NH) despite their well-known deleterious effects. We aimed to investigate if a general intervention on quality of care led to discontinuation of benzodiazepine, and to examine which NH-related factors were associated in change ...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： de Souto Barreto P,Lapeyre-Mestre M,Cestac P,Vellas B,Rolland Y

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:We compared the efficacy of melatonin and placebo as adjuvants in the withdrawal of patients from long term temazepam, zopiclone or zolpidem (here 'BZD') use. METHODS:A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted in a primary health care outpatient clinic. Ninety-two men or women (≥55 years) w...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Lähteenmäki R,Puustinen J,Vahlberg T,Lyles A,Neuvonen PJ,Partinen M,Räihä I,Kivelä SL

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The effects of a single oral dose of enalapril 10 mg on serum ACE activity and blood pressure in relation to the ACE genotype were studied in 27 healthy men, n = 9 each of genotype DD, ID and II, in a parallel group study design. 2. Before treatment serum ACE activity differed significantly between the genotypes, w...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Todd GP,Chadwick IG,Higgins KS,Yeo WW,Jackson PR,Ramsay LE

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:Although cysteamine was first used in the treatment of cystinosis in 1976 and approved by the FDA as cysteamine bitartrate (Cystagon) in 1994, surprisingly little pharmacological data are available for this compound. Cysteamine and its related drugs are currently being evaluated for the treatment of Huntington's a...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Fidler MC,Barshop BA,Gangoiti JA,Deutsch R,Martin M,Schneider JA,Dohil R

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT:* The interindividual variability of the pharmacokinetic parameters of cilostazol is relatively large. * Cilostazol undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism via the P450 enzymes, primarily CYP3A and, to a lesser extent, CYP2C19. * Indeed, <1% of the administered dose of cilostazol...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Yoo HD,Cho HY,Lee YB

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High consumption of irrational fixed-dose combination (FDC) antibiotics may pose a threat of antimicrobial resistance. In India, ampicillin-cloxacillin was the second highest sold FDC antibiotic behind amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. There remain, however, questions about its efficacy and safety and a lack of regulat...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Sayer B,Bortone B,Sharland M,Hsia Y

更新日期：2020-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:1. Recently, some cases have been reported where intravenous use of omeprazole was followed by loss of vision. We followed up a cohort of close to 140,000 persons during periods of treatment and non-treatment with five anti-ulcer drugs. 2. The relative risk of vascular disorders of the eye during use of omeprazole com...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： García Rodríguez LA,Mannino S,Wallander MA,Lindblom B

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After oral administration of 100 mg dapsone (DDS) to 25 healthy volunteers peak serum DDS concentrations between 1.10 and 2.33 mg l-1 were reached within 0.5 to 4 h. AUCs varied from 20.3 to 75.4 mg l-1 h, while the elimination half-lives ranged from 11.5 to 29.2 h. The apparent volumes of distribution were 0.84 to 1....

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Pieters FA,Zuidema J

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The safety of trial subjects is the tenet that guides the regulatory assessment of a Clinical Trial Authorization application and applies equally to trials involving small molecules and those with biological/biotechnological products, including Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products. The objective of a regulator is to en...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Jones DR,McBlane JW,McNaughton G,Rajakumaraswamy N,Wydenbach K

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:The effects of biologics on reproduction/lactation are mostly unknown although many patients that receive biologics are women of reproductive age. The first objective of this study was to investigate the publicly available data on pregnancy/lactation before and after marketing authorization in Europe of biologics ...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Ghalandari N,Dolhain RJEM,Hazes JMW,Siezen CLE,van der Laan JW,Crijns HJMJ,van Puijenbroek EP,van der Woude CJ

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of an intravenous dose (500 mg) of paracetamol were studied in a group of non-insulin dependent diabetic patients (n = 10) and in a group of healthy control subjects (n = 9). Paracetamol clearance, half-life and the partial clearance to paracetamol glucuronide were not significantly...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Kamali F,Thomas SH,Ferner RE

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The pharmacokinetics of MTX and its 7-hydroxy metabolite (7-OHMTX) were investigated in nine patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Each patient received 15 mg MTX i.v., i.m. and p.o. after an overnight fast in a randomized cross-over design. The plasma concentrations of MTX and 7-OHMTX were measured over 7 days ...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Seideman P,Beck O,Eksborg S,Wennberg M

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2C9 catalyses the 4'-hydroxylation of the nonsteroidal analgesic drug diclofenac in humans. We studied the influences of the known amino acid variants, CYP2C9*2 (Arg144Cys) and CYP2C9*3 (Ile359Leu), on diclofenac pharmacokinetics after a 50-mg oral dose of diclofenac in healthy volunt...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Kirchheiner J,Meineke I,Steinbach N,Meisel C,Roots I,Brockmöller J

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:In short-term studies, hormonal contraceptives (HC) have been suggested to induce a rise in blood pressure (BP) and urinary albumin excretion (UAE), while the effect of HC in renal function (GFR) is still under debate. Data on long-term and withdrawal effects of HC use on these outcomes are, however, not available....

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Atthobari J,Gansevoort RT,Visser ST,de Jong PE,de Jong-van den Berg LT,PREVEND Study Group.

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:To determine role of CYP2D6 activity in the pharmacokinetics of propafenone (PPF) enantiomers in native Chinese subjects. METHODS:Sixteen extensive metabolizers (EMs) and one poor metabolizer (PM), whose phenotype had been previously assessed with dextromethorphan metabolic phenotyping, were enrolled. Blood sampl...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Cai WM,Chen B,Cai MH,Chen Y,Zhang YD

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:To examine how pharmaceutical products that were first marketed between 1950 and 1980 were promoted to physicians through advertisements and briefly review advertising regulations and accuracy of the advertisements in the light of modern knowledge. METHODS:We systematically reviewed advertisements promoting drugs...

journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology

authors： Green AR,Haddad PM,Aronson JK

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00