Metallothioneins and copper metabolism are candidate therapeutic targets in Huntington's disease.

abstract：:The biophysical characteristics of vascular tissues are dependent largely on the properties of fibrillar collagens. Considering the predominant structural component, collagen type I, the present review describes the mechanisms of formation and maturation of lysyl oxidase-mediated cross-linking, leading to an understan...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Robins SP

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AWAP IV constitutes the C-terminal domain of the larger 81 kDa protein AWAK [Avian WAP (whey acidic protein) domain- and Kunitz domain-containing], which is predicted, through conserved domain database searching, to contain at least four WAP domains and one Kunitz domain. RT (reverse transcription)-PCR analyses reveal...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Townes CL,Milona P,Hall J

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a regulator of cellular metabolism in response to changes in the energy status of the cells. AMPK was known to shut down energy-consuming pathways in response to a fall in the ATP/AMP ratio by phosphorylating key enzymes of intermediate metabolism. Here we will discuss the recent...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Leclerc I,Viollet B,da Silva Xavier G,Kahn A,Rutter GA

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polarized transport of the plant hormone auxin influences multiple growth processes in plants and is regulated by plasma-membrane-localized efflux and uptake carriers. The PGP (P-glycoprotein) ABC transporters (ATP-binding-cassette transporters), PIN (pin-formed) subfamily of major facilitator proteins and members of ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Bandyopadhyay A,Blakeslee JJ,Lee OR,Mravec J,Sauer M,Titapiwatanakun B,Makam SN,Bouchard R,Geisler M,Martinoia E,Friml J,Peer WA,Murphy AS

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spliceosome is a macromolecular machine that carries out the excision of introns from eukaryotic pre-mRNAs and splicing together of exons. Four large RNA-protein complexes, called the U1, U2, U4/U6 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs), and some non-snRNP proteins assemble around three short co...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Nagai K,Muto Y,Pomeranz Krummel DA,Kambach C,Ignjatovic T,Walke S,Kuglstatter A

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of death from cancer in the world and the sixth in Europe. Pancreatic cancer is more frequent in males than females. Worldwide, following diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, <2% of patients survive for 5 years, 8% survive for 2 years and <50% survive for only approx. 3 mon...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Szajda SD,Waszkiewicz N,Chojnowska S,Zwierz K

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microvilli are found on the apical surface of epithelial cells. Recent studies on the microvillar proteins ezrin and EBP50 (ezrin/radixin/moesin-binding phosphoprotein of 50 kDa) have revealed both the dynamics and the regulation of microvillar components, and how a dynamic ezrin phosphocycle is necessary to confine m...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Viswanatha R,Bretscher A,Garbett D

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations activating the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/Akt signalling pathway and inactivating the TP53 tumour-suppressor gene are common mechanisms that cancer cells require to proliferate and escape pre-programmed cell death. In a well-described mechanism, Akt mediates negative control of p53 levels through enhan...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Abraham AG,O'Neill E

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane proteins are drug targets for a wide range of diseases. Having access to appropriate samples for further research underpins the pharmaceutical industry's strategy for developing new drugs. This is typically achieved by synthesizing a protein of interest in host cells that can be cultured on a large scale, all...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Bawa Z,Bland CE,Bonander N,Bora N,Cartwright SP,Clare M,Conner MT,Darby RA,Dilworth MV,Holmes WJ,Jamshad M,Routledge SJ,Gross SR,Bill RM

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Luteinizing hormone (LH) interacts with its plasma membrane receptor to activate the formation of cyclic AMP via the regulatory GTP binding protein (Gs). This is followed by a desensitization of that same hormonal response which is caused by an uncoupling of the LH receptor from Gs. The coupling between Gs and the ade...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cooke BA,Platts EA,Abayasekera DR,Rose MP

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Laccases are oxidase enzymes produced by 'white rot' fungi as part of a complex armoury of redox enzymes used to break down lignin--part of the carbon cycle of nature. Laccases alone or in combination with redox co-catalysts have been shown to oxidize xenobiotic compounds under conditions that can be described as 'gre...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wells A,Teria M,Eve T

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The oxidoreductase Trx-1 (thioredoxin 1) is highly conserved and found intra- and extra-cellularly in mammalian systems. There is increasing interest in its capacity to regulate immune function based on observations of altered distribution and expression during ageing and disease. We have investigated previously wheth...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Griffiths HR,Bennett SJ,Olofsson P,Dunston CR

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipoprotein oxidation is thought to play a pivotal role in the evolution of atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is the main source of oxidized lipid in the arterial wall. Oxidation of LDL alters its properties in a number of ways, making it more atherogenic, but oxidation of other lipoprotein classes may al...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Young IS,McFarlane C,McEneny J

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased production of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and altered processing of tau in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with synaptic dysfunction, neuronal death and cognitive and behavioural deficits. Neuroinflammation is also a prominent feature of AD brain and considerable evidence indicates that inflammatory event...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Phillips EC,Croft CL,Kurbatskaya K,O'Neill MJ,Hutton ML,Hanger DP,Garwood CJ,Noble W

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A combination of EXAFS, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray was used to conduct a molecular and atomic analysis of the uranium complexes formed by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. The results demonstrate that this bacterium accumulates uranium as phosphate compounds. We suggest that at toxic le...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Merroun M,Hennig C,Rossberg A,Geipel G,Reich T,Selenska-Pobell S

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutation of the ACN1 (acetate non-utilizing 1) locus of Arabidopsis results in altered acetate assimilation into gluconeogenic sugars and anapleurotic amino acids and leads to an overall depression in primary metabolite levels by approx. 50% during seedling development. Levels of acetyl-CoA were higher in acn1 compare...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Hooks MA,Allen E,Wattis JA

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have identified two basic residues that are important for the recognition of secretin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) by their respective receptors. These two peptides containing an Asp residue at position 3 interacted with an arginine residue in transmembrane helix 2 (TM2) of the receptor, and the lysine r...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Waelbroeck M,Perret J,Vertongen P,Van Craenenbroeck M,Robberecht P

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings that some 24 inherited diseases and anomalies are caused by defects in proteins of the NE (nuclear envelope) and lamina have resulted in a fundamental reassessment of the functions of the NE and underlying lamina. Instead of just regarding the NE and lamina as a molecular filtering device, regulating t...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cohen TV,Hernandez L,Stewart CL

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA degradation is a vital post-transcriptional process which ensures that transcripts are maintained at the correct level within the cell. DIS3L2 and XRN1 are conserved exoribonucleases that are critical for the degradation of cytoplasmic RNAs. Although the molecular mechanisms of RNA degradation by DIS3L2 and XRN1 h...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Pashler AL,Towler BP,Jones CI,Newbury SF

更新日期：2016-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey of archaeal genomes for the presence of homologues of bacterial and eukaryotic chaperones reveals several interesting features. All archaea contain chaperonins, also known as Hsp60s (where Hsp is heat-shock protein). These are more similar to the type II chaperonins found in the eukaryotic cytosol than to the...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Large AT,Goldberg MD,Lund PA

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The respiratory complex I (electrogenic NADH:quinone oxidoreductase) has been considered to act exclusively as a H+ pump. This was questioned when the search for the NADH-driven respiratory Na+ pump in Klebsiella pneumoniae initiated by Peter Dimroth led to the discovery of a Na+-translocating complex in this enteroba...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Steffen W,Steuber J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High glucose inhibits mitochondrial respiration, known as the 'Crabtree effect', in cancer cells and possibly other cell types. The upstream pathways regulating this phenomenon are poorly understood. In diabetes, where glucose levels are elevated, the p90(RSK) (p90 ribosomal S6 kinase) has received much attention as a...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Redman EK,Brookes PS,Karcz MK

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many proteins self-assemble to form large supramolecular complexes. Numerous examples of these structures have been characterized, ranging from spherical viruses to tubular protein assemblies. Some new kinds of supramolecular structures are just coming to light, while it is likely there are others that have not yet be...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Yeates TO,Tsai Y,Tanaka S,Sawaya MR,Kerfeld CA

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Formin family proteins (formins) represent an evolutionary conserved protein family encoded in the genome of a wide range of eukaryotes. Formins are hallmarked by a formin homology 1 (FH1) domain juxtaposed to an FH2 domain whereby they control actin and microtubule dynamics. Not surprisingly, formins are best known a...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Isogai T,Innocenti M

更新日期：2016-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Glyoxals are reactive alpha-oxoaldehydes that are formed endogenously from sugars, the levels of which are increased in various pathological conditions associated with hyperglycaemia and thiamine deficiency. However, the molecular cytotoxic mechanisms of glyoxal are not known. Results presented here and in the other s...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Shangari N,Bruce WR,Poon R,O'Brien PJ

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial cellular metabolism is renowned for its metabolic diversity and adaptability. However, certain environments present particular challenges. Aerobic metabolism of highly reduced carbon substrates by soil bacteria such as Paracoccus pantotrophus presents one such challenge since it may result in excessive elect...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Gates AJ,Butler CS,Richardson DJ,Butt JN

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) family of lipid kinases regulate cell motility in diverse organisms and cell types. In mammals, the main PI3K enzyme activated by chemokine receptor signalling is the class IB isoform, p110gamma. Studies of p110gamma-knockout mice have shown an essential function for this isoform i...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Oak JS,Matheu MP,Parker I,Cahalan MD,Fruman DA

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Virtually all the biological processes that occur inside or outside cells are mediated by protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Hence, the charting and description of the PPI network, initially in organisms, the interactome, but more recently in specific tissues, is essential to fully understand cellular processes both...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Poglayen D,Marín-López MA,Bonet J,Fornes O,Garcia-Garcia J,Planas-Iglesias J,Segura J,Oliva B,Fernandez-Fuentes N

更新日期：2016-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental processes in the life sciences are becoming increasingly complex. As a result, recording, archiving and sharing descriptions of these processes and of the results of experiments is becoming ever more challenging. However, validation of results, sharing of best practice and integrated analysis all require ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Paton NW

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple cellular proteins have been identified as participating in Toll/interleukin-1 receptor-mediated inflammatory gene expression. The continuing isolation of novel components, based on sequence similarities, protein-protein interactions and protein purification, suggests that many elements of this signalling netw...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Kiss-Toth E,Wyllie DH,Holland K,Marsden L,Jozsa V,Oxley KM,Polgar T,Qwarnstrom EE,Dower SK

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00